Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus和Streptococcus thermophilus接种比例对Bifidobacterium lactis益生菌发酵乳品质的影响

将Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp.bulgaricus ND02(LB-ND02)和Streptococcus thermophilus ND03(ST-ND03)按1∶1、1∶10、1∶100、1∶1000接种于脱脂乳中,同时接入益生菌Bifidobacterium lactis V9(B.lactis V9,接种量为2.0×107g-1),于42℃进行发酵。通过对发酵及贮藏过程中发酵乳指标的测定,评价LB-ND02和ST-ND03的接种比例对发酵乳品质的影响。结果表明,随着LB-ND02接种比例减小,凝乳时间显著延长,B.lactis V9活菌数显著提高。4℃贮藏28 d后,随LB-ND02接种比例减小,B.lactis V9存活率差异显著,后酸化也显著减弱。研究发现,LB-ND02和ST-ND03的接种比例,显著影响发酵乳的发酵时间、B.lactis V9活菌数、后酸化及黏度。     

保加利亚乳杆菌生长性能与后酸化的关系初探

以5株德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种为出发菌株,详细研究了5株菌的生长代谢、酸敏感性及蛋白水解力,并分析了这些特性与后酸化之间的关系。结果表明:5株菌的生长性能与后酸化之间存在紧密联系。其中,菌株的生长速度和糖分解代谢能力与后酸化成正比;对酸较敏感菌株的后酸化也较弱;菌株的蛋白水解能力与生长速度和后酸化之间没有明显的相关性。     

利用CRISPRi技术构建乙醛酸生物合成Corynebacterium glutamicum工程菌

以谷氨酸棒状杆菌(Corynebacterium glutamicumATCC 13032)为出发菌株,敲除其支流代谢关键酶乳酸脱氢酶合成基因lldh,建立规律间隔成簇短回文重复序列干扰(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats interfer...     

优良保加利亚乳杆菌菌株的筛选及增殖培养

以24株德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种菌株为材料,通过发酵特性分析,包括产酸、产粘、后酸化及发酵风味质地等感官特性,从中筛选出具有优良发酵特性的菌株L3,LB和M28.并对LB菌株的增殖培养基进行了初步探讨,为酸奶发酵剂的开发奠定一定基础.     

Growth performance,nutrient digestibility and immune response of broiler chicks fed diets supplemented with a culture of Lactobacillus bulgaricus

BACKGROUND: Probiotics are being developed for use in animal feed to enhance production performance and prevention of gastrointestinal infections. The ban on using antibiotics as growth promoters, antibiotic resistance and the inherent problems of developing new vaccines make a compelling case for developing alternatives for in‐feed antibiotics. The alternatives of choice have to be considered under the environmental conditions of the animal. Among the probiotics in use today, Lactobacillus has been shown to play a vital role in disease prevention, immune enhancement, improved growth and carcass yield in poultry. The present study investigates the effect of Lactobacillus bulgaricus (LB)‐based probiotic on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility and immune response of broilers under tropical environmental conditions. RESULTS: Broilers fed LB diets consumed more feed (P < 0.05) and had greater body weight gain than the control group. Feed/gain ratio improved significantly (P < 0.05) with the 20, 40 and 60 mg kg^?1 LB diets compared with the control or 80 mg kg^?1 LB diet. The apparent digestibilities of nitrogen and fat increased with LB supplementation. However, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in fibre digestibility. White blood cell count increased significantly in broilers fed higher levels (>40 mg kg^?1) of LB compared with the control group. Antibody production measured as antibody titre against Newcastle disease vaccine showed a curvilinear response over the range of LB concentrations examined. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that LB addition to broiler chick diets significantly improved growth performance, increased nutrient digestibility and stimulated humoral immune response. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

乳酸菌冷冻保护剂配方设计

乳酸菌浓缩发酵剂的制备过程中,冷冻对菌体的损伤比较明显。通过在保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌混菌菌悬液中添加不同的保护剂并测定冷冻前后乳酸菌菌数,筛选出适用的保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌混菌的保护剂。最终确定的保加利亚乳杆菌和嗜热链球菌混菌保护剂配方为:蔗糖浓度为10%,脱脂乳浓度为10%,谷氨酸钠浓度为5%。菌体经冷冻处理后,冷冻存活率可达到95.0%,比不添加保护剂的菌体存活率大大提高。此配方也简单易得,完全可以满足生产需要。     

Incidence of adenoviruses in raw and treated water

Adenoviruses are of major public health importance and are associated with a variety of clinical manifestations, i.e. gastroenteritis, eye infections and respiratory infections. The importance of water in the epidemiology of adenoviruses and the potential health risks constituted by adenoviruses in water sources and supplies are widely recognised. This study was conducted to assess the incidence of human adenoviruses in raw and treated water systems. Various raw and treated water were routinely monitored for the presence of adenoviruses, over a 1-year period (July 2000-June 2001). The supplies were derived from acceptable quality surface water sources using treatment processes, which conform to international standards for the production of safe drinking water. Adenoviruses were detected by firstly amplifying the viruses in cell cultures and then amplifying the extracted nucleic acids of these viruses using molecular techniques (nested PCR). The results indicated human adenoviruses present in 13 (12.75%) of the raw and 9 (4.41%) of the treated water samples tested. The combination of cell culture and nested PCR has proved to be a quick and reliable method for the detection of adenoviruses in water environments.     

保加利亚乳杆菌浓缩培养的研究

对培养保加利亚乳杆菌的基础培养基进行筛选,确定为MRS培养基。然后优化培养条件:发酵时间为12h,起始pH值为5.80,发酵温度为40℃。最佳培养基:MRS培养基 7.5%番茄汁 12%麦芽汁 0.009mol/LCaCl2 2%乳清。通过中和试验,保加利亚乳杆菌菌体浓度可达到9.55×109mL-1。     

乳酸菌微囊化的初步研究

运用喷雾干燥方法对保加利亚乳杆菌，嗜热链球菌的微囊化进行了初步研究，结果表明，微胶囊化对菌体活性的保护具有良好的效果，其中各组壁材所得的最佳结果，其存活率均达５０％以上，与未微囊化样品相比，微囊铧对菌全活性的保持具有明显的效果。     

利用组成型表达载体pMG36e电转化德式乳杆菌保加利亚亚种的研究

以典型的乳酸菌组成型表达质粒pMG36e为载体,德式乳杆菌保加利亚亚种为受体.采用电转化方法研究受体菌株的生长状态与细胞壁处理方式、质粒浓度、电转化参数、复苏培养基组成与复苏培养时间、受体菌株的限制修饰作用对电转化效率的影响,探讨电转化的最适条件,以提高电转化效率.结果表明:选择含2.5%甘氨酸的SMRS培养基培养受体细胞至对数中期,收获制成感受态细胞,在电场强度12 kV/cm、电阻200Ω、电容25μF条件下电击转化,以含20 mmol/L MgCl2、CaCl2的SMRS培养基复苏培养2 h,涂板筛选得到较高的电转化效率.特别是采用受体菌株修饰的质粒进行电转化,转化效率提高30倍以上,达到6.3×104cfu/μg DNA.本研究结果为进一步构建乳酸菌组成型高效表达系统和食品级基因工程乳酸菌株提供试验依据.