排序方式： 共有90条查询结果，搜索用时 18 毫秒
1.
Sameer Kumar Chanda Venkata Ganga Rao Nadigatla Veera Prabha Rama Rachit K. Saxena Kulbhushan Saxena Hari D. Upadhyaya Moses Siambi Said N. Silim Kothapally Narasimha Reddy Anupama J. Hingane Mamta Sharma Shivali Sharma Stephen Dominic Lyimo Rose Ubwe Meshack Makenge Kananji Gad Paul Kiprotich Kimurto Manuel Amane Kennedy Kanenga Yuventino Obong Emanuel Monyo Chris Ojiewo Nagesh Kumar Mallela Venkata Jaganmohan Polineni Rao Prashanthi Lakkireddy Sudhakar Chourat Indraprakash Singh Sobhan Sajja Shruthi Hirikara Beliappa Rajeev K. Varshney 《Plant Breeding》2019,138(4):445-454
In the past five decades, constant research has been directed towards yield improvement in pigeonpea resulting in the deployment of several commercially acceptable cultivars in India. Though, the genesis of hybrid technology, the biggest breakthrough, enigma of stagnant productivity still remains unsolved. To sort this productivity disparity, genomic research along with conventional breeding was successfully initiated at ICRISAT. It endowed ample genomic resource providing insight in the pigeonpea genome combating production constraints in a precise and speedy manner. The availability of the draft genome sequence with a large‐scale marker resource, oriented the research towards trait mapping for flowering time, determinacy, fertility restoration, yield attributing traits and photo‐insensitivity. Defined core and mini‐core collection, still eased the pigeonpea breeding being accessible for existing genetic diversity and developing stress resistance. Modern genomic tools like next‐generation sequencing, genome‐wide selection helping in the appraisal of selection efficiency is leading towards next‐generation breeding, an awaited milestone in pigeonpea genetic enhancement. This paper emphasizes the ongoing genetic improvement in pigeonpea with an amalgam of conventional breeding as well as genomic research. 相似文献
2.
Kapil K. Tiwari Anshuman Singh Sasmita Pattnaik Maninder Sandhu Sukhdeep Kaur Sourabh Jain Sushma Tiwari Shweta Mehrotra Mahender Anumalla Rashmita Samal Jyoti Bhardwaj Neha Dubey Vikrant Sahu Gayle A. Kharshing Patu K. Zeliang Kadiri Sreenivasan Pankaj Kumar Swarup K. Parida Sevanthi V. A. Mithra Vandana Rai Wricha Tyagi Pawan K. Agrawal Atmakuri R. Rao Arunava Pattanayak Girish Chandel Ashok K. Singh Ishwari S. Bisht Kangila V. Bhat Gundimeda J. N. Rao Jitendra P. Khurana Nagendra K. Singh Trilochan Mohapatra 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(2):164-171
Identification of a small core germplasm set representing the available genetic diversity is essential for its proper evaluation and subsequent utilization in rice improvement programmes. For constituting a small diverse mini‐core panel of Indian rice germplasm, a representative set of 6912 accessions drawn based on their geographic origin from the whole rice germplasm collection available in the National Gene Bank was genotyped using 36 microsatellite markers. Automated fragment analysis of amplicons yielded a total of 435 alleles, with an average 12.4 and range of 3–29 alleles per locus. Polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.08 (RGNMS190) to 0.86 (RM552) with an average of 0.528. Based on genotyping data, a mini‐core consisting of 98 genotypes was identified. Ninety‐four per cent of the alleles present in the core set were present in the mini‐core. The identified small but diverse panel will be useful for further intensive trait‐specific evaluation and utilization in allele mining. 相似文献
3.
Akito Kaga Takehiko Shimizu Satoshi Watanabe Yasutaka Tsubokura Yuichi Katayose Kyuya Harada Duncan A. Vaughan Norihiko Tomooka 《Breeding Science》2012,61(5):566-592
Genetic variation and population structure among 1603 soybean accessions, consisted of 832 Japanese landraces, 109 old and 57 recent Japanese varieties, 341 landrace from 16 Asian countries and 264 wild soybean accessions, were characterized using 191 SNP markers. Although gene diversity of Japanese soybean germplasm was slight lower than that of exotic soybean germplasm, population differentiation and clustering analyses indicated clear genetic differentiation among Japanese cultivated soybeans, exotic cultivated soybeans and wild soybeans. Nine hundred ninety eight Japanese accessions were separated to a certain extent into groups corresponding to their agro-morphologic characteristics such as photosensitivity and seed characteristics rather than their geographical origin. Based on the assessment of the SNP markers and several agro-morphologic traits, accessions that retain gene diversity of the whole collection were selected to develop several soybean sets of different sizes using an heuristic approach; a minimum of 12 accessions can represent the observed gene diversity; a mini-core collection of 96 accession can represent a major proportion of both geographic origin and agro-morphologic trait variation. These selected sets of germplasm will provide an effective platform for enhancing soybean diversity studies and assist in finding novel traits for crop improvement. 相似文献
4.
为解决随着大、中型联合作业机具和跨区作业的发展．农村中占机具总量大部分的小型机具出现闲置．造成了农机资源的浪费问题，提出了4条提高利用率的途径和农机主管部门应做好的5项工作。 相似文献
5.
The transient analysis of mini disc infiltrometer (MDI) measurements is an established method for characterising near-surface hydraulic characteristics of soils. The reliability of hydraulic characteristics obtained from transient analysis depends on the (1) adequacy of model, (2) adequacy of data, (3) measurement time and (4) measurement footprint. The measurement time dependence recommendations are reported only for a few soil textures, initially wet samples and tension infiltrometer (TI) with a higher measurement footprint than the MDI. This study investigated the adequacy of infiltration data (using cumulative linearization [CL] and differentiated linearization [DL]) and measurement time influence on the hydraulic parameters determined from the transient analysis of MDI measurements for six soil textures. The objective of the study is to identify suitable MDI measurement durations for different soil textures for the initially dry state, considering both adequacy of data and time fractionation (measurement time influence). The data adequacy time obtained from the DL (TDL) was found to be 0.8 times less than the value obtained from CL (TCL). The marginal difference in TDL and TCL had a significant influence on the determination of infiltration equation coefficient C1 and negligible influence on coefficient C2. The time fractionation procedure adopted for identifying adequate MDI measurement time (Tm) was found to be comparable based on sorptivity (S0) and hydraulic conductivity (K0). The average Tm was also comparable with TDL and TCL with a strong positive correlation. The C2 values obtained based on Tm, TDL, and TCL were in better agreement than the corresponding C1 values. The adequate MDI measurement times identified by considering Tm, TDL, and TCL were texture dependent, ranging from 45 min for silt to 120 min for silt loam and silty clay loam. For loamy sand, it was 50 min; for sand, it was 70 min, followed by 60 min for loam. 相似文献
6.
定量化研究迷你型黄瓜的生育特性,对深入了解品种特征,进行精准化栽培管理具有重要意义。本文以生长度日（GDD）为度量单位,对迷你黄瓜京研迷你2号的生育进程、形态特征、干物质分配及产量形成等方面进行了定量化分析,并比较了秋冬季和春季不同栽培茬口环境下京研迷你2号与普通型黄瓜瑞光2号在生育特性和产量性状方面的差异。在生育特性上,京研迷你2号在缓苗期株高增长率为0.022 cm/(℃?d),缓苗后为0.585 cm/(℃?d),并且株高受低温抑制作用相对明显;出叶速率在缓苗期为0.016 叶/(℃?d),缓苗后为0.040叶/(℃?d);缓苗期叶片扩展速率为2.833 cm2/(℃?d),缓苗后为15.873 cm2/(℃?d),并且受高温抑制作用相对较小,而瑞光2号叶片扩展受高温抑制作用相对明显。在产量性状上,京研迷你2号在GDD达到773 ℃?d时进入结果期,坐果率为7.7 果/株,干物质向果实分配比例大,产量也相应较高,每100株产量在秋冬茬高出瑞光9.35kg,春茬高出瑞光4.17kg,并且两品种在春季茬口产量明显高于秋冬季茬口。京研迷你2号在形态特征、生育进程及干物质分配上与瑞光2号存在差异,由此也造成了产量的差异。因此,针对迷你型黄瓜结果期早,产量高,不耐低温的特点,应相应调整栽培管理措施,加强温度及水肥管理,最大程度发挥其产量优势。 相似文献
7.
Lifting for handling and flatbed truck transportation to the job site are important processes during manufacture of prefabri-cated wooden construction units like mini homes and building modules. Significant damage can occur to sections or components of units during these operations. Although damage usually will not impair its structural safety, it is costly to fix and causes the public to perceive prefabricated wooden buildings as low quality products. Field observations and preliminary numerical models for prefabri-cated units subject to lifting and transportation forces are summarized here. Once fully developed and verified, models will support the creation of damage mitigation strategies centered on structural details indicating how units are to be supported during lifting and transportation. 相似文献
8.
ZHANG Shui-jun ZHU Sheng-xing LI Jie MA Xiu-xian FENG Liu-shun FAN Zheng-jun 《园艺学报》2007,23(8):1480-1483
AIM:To investigate how brain-dead state affects the heart structure and function and the effect of PKC-α in BA-Ma mini pigs.METHODS:Ten Ba-Ma mini pigs were randomized into 2 groups: brain-dead group (n=5),and control group (n=5). The brain-dead model was made by increasing intracranial pressure,while the control group was maintained anesthesia for 24 h. The concentrations of cTnT,TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in serum were determined at 6,12 and 24 h after brain death. At 24 h,heart tissues were observed by HE staining and electron microscope. The expression of PKC-α was detected by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.RESULTS:(1) Histological changes of myocardium: flaky bleeding under endocardium and dissolution of myocardium were found in optical microscope. In electron microscope dropsical mitochondria and confluent muscle fiber were found. (2) Changes of serum cTnT: serum cTnT for brain-dead group began to increase gradually since 6 h,and were significantly higher at each time point than those in control group (P<0.05). (3) Changes of inflammatory factors: IL-1β,IL-6,and TNF-α in brain-dead group began to increase gradually since 6 h,and were significantly higher at each time point than those in control group (P<0.05). (4) Changes of PKC-α expression: PKC-α mRNA and protein expressions in brain-dead group increased significantly at 24 h (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Brain death may evoke heart structure and functional injury,and increase the levels of inflammatory factors and PKC-α. The activation of PKC-α may participate in the process of heart injury. 相似文献
9.
减氮控水对日光温室番茄-小型西瓜产量、品质及氮素利用的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究日光温室滴灌施肥条件下,不同水肥组合对作物产量、品质和氮素利用的影响,综合评价优化水肥和常规水肥管理的调控效应。田间试验设置4个水氮处理,包括不施氮+常规灌溉(N_0+FI)、常规施氮+常规灌溉(FT+FI)、优化施氮+常规灌溉(OPT+FI)、优化施氮+优化灌溉(OPT+OI)。测定不同处理下秋冬茬番茄-春茬小型西瓜的产量、品质以及根、茎、叶、果实氮素吸收量。结果表明:优化水氮处理(OPT+OI)番茄产量和果实可溶性糖、可滴定酸和Vc含量与农户常规水氮处理(FT+FI)无显著差异,但番茄果实的硝酸盐含量降低了66.3%(P0.05);灌溉量相同时,减氮40%处理(OPT+FI)的小型西瓜产量相比常规施氮处理(FT+FI)提高了13.1%;OPT+OI处理果实的可溶性糖、可滴定酸和Vc含量较对照处理(N_0+FI)均显著提高。不同水肥处理下,两季作物氮在各器官的累积量均表现为果实叶茎根。随着番茄的生长,果实和茎的氮素携出量占总携出量的比例分别由62.4%和5.9%增加至67.1%和6.3%,而根和叶中氮素携出量降低,OPT+OI处理果实氮素携出所占比例增量最大,促进了营养器官中的氮素向果实中转运。在当前日光温室栽培条件下,适当优化施氮量和灌溉量既可以保证作物产量和氮素吸收,同时提高果实的品质。 相似文献
10.
