Genetic analyses of resistance of the wheat differential cultivars Carstens V and Spaldings Prolific to two races of Puccinia striiformis

Genetic analysis of resistance of wheat seedlings to two races of Puccinia striiformis was conducted on F₁, F₂ and F₃ generations from crosses Carstens V (CV) × Lee, Spaldings Prolific (SPA) × Lee and CV × SPA. F₂ generations from crosses of CV and SPA with Strubes Dickkopf (SD) were also studied. The plants were classified into six resistance classes and analysed by factorial correspondence analysis and nonhierarchical classification. The two P. striiformis isolates tested were a French isolate of race 43E138 and a Lebanese isolate of race 2E16, selected for the differences in their virulence spectra for the common differential cultivars Strubes Dickkopf and Nord Desprez. Resistance of CV and SPA was recessive and dominant to races 43E138 and 2E16, respectively. CV possessed three or four resistance genes, one of them being expressed with both races. Two genes of CV had a cumulative effect for resistance to 43E138 and two or three gave dominant resistance to 2E16. SPA had three resistance genes, all of which gave resistance to 2E16 and two of which also gave resistance to 43E138. SPA had one gene in common with CV for resistance to both races. Furthermore, the gene for resistance to race 2E16 in CV and SPA was allelic with a gene in SD, and was probably Yr25 .     

我国生物农药登记品种清单式管理初探

近年来我国生物农药新品种层出不穷,登记热度持续上升,登记管理不断规范。本文探讨了对我国生物农药登记品种采取清单式管理,提出生物农药登记品种清单的范围和建立原则,梳理形成了我国生物农药登记品种清单,提出了完善生物农药登记品种清单式管理的意见建议。     

云南高海拔粳稻区白叶枯病菌致病型的鉴定

水稻白叶枯病是危害水稻的重要细菌性病害之一,病原为稻生黄单胞菌水稻致病变种Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae (Xoo).近10年来云南省水稻白叶枯病的危害向高海拔粳稻区扩散,在海拔2200m的剑川县,白叶枯病已成为最严重的水稻病害[1-2].开展高海拔粳稻区白叶枯病菌致病型的鉴定、分布和分化研究,对云南高海拔粳稻区稻作生产具有指导意义.     

南宁市冬种番茄引进品种比较试验

对9个番茄新品种的比较试验结果表明：综合性状最好的品种是万利达,其次是美国63和英雄2号。这三个品种表现为产量高、耐寒、抗病性强,果实美观坚硬、耐贮运,商品性好,具有很强的市场竞争力,适合在南宁地区推广种植。     

新疆日光温室高架基质促成栽培草莓品种比选试验

为促进新疆草莓产业转型升级和高质量发展,开展了新疆地区10个主流栽培草莓品种高架基质栽培比选试验。结果表明,在高架基质栽培下圣诞红和宁玉结果较早,香野长势较强,香野、圣诞红、黑珍珠和宁玉抗白粉病性强,艳丽和黑珍珠果实硬度高,红颜和黑珍珠可溶性固形物含量较高,可溶性糖以章姬、妙香7号和黑珍珠较高,糖酸比以红颜、章姬和妙香7号较高,Vc含量以妙香7号、黑珍珠和越秀较高,单果重以红颜和妙香7号较高,产量以红颜和香野较高。10个品种各有优缺点,可综合考虑本地需求及品种特性进行合理的品种配置。根据产量、可溶性固形物含量、糖酸比、白粉病病果率加权得分,筛选出新疆高架栽培具有一定推广前景的草莓品种有红颜、章姬、香野和粉玉1号。     

Effect of presowing seed treatments on germination and early seedling growth of wheat varieties under saline conditions

The effect of presowing wheat seed treatments was investigated for the salt-sensitive variety Blue Silver and relatively salt-tolerant variety PARI-73 at the germination and early seedling stages. Seeds were treated with distilled water (DW) or 10/50 mm KCl, KNO₃ , CaCl₂, Ca(NO₃)₂ and then germinated in DW or 200 mm NaCl. Treatment with calcium (Ca) or potassium (K) did not lead to a significantly higher rate for final germination than the DW treatment. Ca salt treatments significantly improved shoot growth during the early seedling establishment stage in both varieties, especially in the salt-sensitive variety Blue Silver. There were significant differences in the Ca content of seeds after various presowing treatments. There were also significant differences between both varieties in the ion contents after seed treatment. However, these differences appeared to be related to the improvement of shoot growth during the early seedling establishment stage and not to the effectiveness of pres owing seed treatments in increasing germination.     

利用DTOPSIS法综合评价番茄新品种

以苏州地区2004年番茄区域试验数据为资料,利用DTOPSIS法进行综合分析,初步探讨了该统计方法在番茄新品种评价应用中的有关问题。结果表明,利用DTOPSIS法进行分析的结果与区域试验常规分析的结果基本一致,且比单用产量分析更为合理。     

贵州不同栽培茶树品种红茶适制性分析

以贵州栽培茶树品种福鼎大白茶、黔湄601、黔湄502、黔湄809、黔湄419、湄潭苔茶的一芽一叶茶青为原料,分别制成蒸青样和红茶样,采用理化分析结合感官审评的方法分析茶样生化成分及感官质量.试验结果表明,酚氨比最大的为黔湄419茶树品种;叶绿素a/叶绿素b值最大的是黔湄419茶树品种;茶红素/茶黄素值最大的是黔湄809茶树品种.6个茶树品种的红茶样感官审评结果均较好.     

不同向日葵品种对黄萎病的抗性*

采用浸根接种法鉴定不同向日葵种质资源对黄萎病的抗性差异。结果表明：40份供试向日葵品种依据抗性划分标准共分为3类,其中中抗品种有5份如：‘118’、‘新葵杂5号’等;低抗品种有8份如‘767’、‘KJ003’等;其余27份供试材料均呈现感病;没有鉴定出免疫和高抗的向日葵品种。