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应用5-HT免疫组织化学染色法,对冬春两季的莱芜黑山羊松果体进行了观察比较,以探讨松果体与下丘脑垂体-性腺轴的关系。结果显示,莱芜黑山羊松果体内存在大量5-HT阳性的松果体细胞及5-HT纤维;冬季松果体阳性细胞面积及阳性面积比都明显大于春季(P〈0.01),平均光密度在冬、春季间无明显差异(P〉0.05)。表明莱芜黑山羊松果体的功能活动呈现季节性变化,与羊的繁殖活动关系密切。 相似文献
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波尔山羊胚胎移植影响因素的分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
波尔山羊胚胎移植效果受诸多因素的影响,供体状况、药物、季节等因素使供体超排效果产生较大的差异,而受体状况、胚胎质量等对受体的妊娠率产生较大的影响,这些因素阻碍了波尔山羊胚胎移植的产业化应用。本文对以上影响波尔山羊胚胎移植效果的因素进行了分析,以期为提高胚胎移植效率提供依据,从而促进波尔山羊胚胎移植产业化进程。 相似文献
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灌丛草地放牧山羊的牧草适口性与嗜食性及山羊采食率研究 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
通过对放牧山羊的牧草适口性,嗜食性和采食率及其相互关系的分析,表明山羊放牧对灌丛草地的植物适口性、嗜食性比率和采食率均以灌木嫩枝叶,中禾草和苔草属植物较优。季节性规律为:春季山羊喜哺食灌木嫩枝叶,灌木嗜食性比率较高,采食率也较高,夏季山羊喜草本植物,草本植物的嗜食性比率高于灌木,秋季山羊较喜啃食灌木枝叶,嗜食性比率灌木高于草本植物,采食率低于春季,灌木采食率高于草本植物。 相似文献
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本文论述了中国山羊的起源、品种遗传资源及其遗传多样性的研究进展。最新调查 显示中国的山羊品种达50个,其中43个为地方品种,4个培育品种,3个引入品种,许多品种 具有独特的生产性能或适应能力。大量研究表明,我国山羊遗传多样性较为丰富。 相似文献
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国内外养羊业发展特点与趋势 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
当前肉羊业在大洋洲、美洲、欧洲和一些非洲国家得到迅猛发展,世界羊肉,特别是羔羊肉的生产和消费显著增长。肉羊产业具有周转快、投资少、效益高等特点,已成为我国在资源短缺、畜禽产品需求日益增加的背景下,保持畜牧业可持续发展的重要途径之一。本文还仔细分析我国肉羊生产存在的不足和发展的优势,并结合国内外养羊业发展的趋势提出了及时调整养羊业的生产方向和产品结构,研究和推广先进实用的养羊综合配套技术等发展我国养羊业的建议。 相似文献
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Noninferiority trial investigating the efficacy of a nonantibiotic intramammary therapy in the treatment of mild‐to‐moderate clinical mastitis in dairy cows with longer lasting udder diseases 下载免费PDF全文
M. Ziesch N. Wente Y. Zhang W. Zaremba S. Engl V. Krömker 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(1):11-21
A nonblinded, positively controlled, noninferiority trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of an alternative, nonantibiotic therapy with Masti Veyxym® to reduce ineffective antibiotic usage in the treatment of nonsevere clinical mastitis (CM) in cows with longer lasting udder diseases. The solely intramammary treatment with Masti Veyxym® (three applications, 12 hr apart) and the combined treatment with Masti Veyxym® and antibiotics as usual on the farm according to label of the respective product were compared with the reference treatment of solely antibiotic therapy. The matched field study was conducted on eight free‐stall dairy farms located in Eastern Germany. Cases of mild‐to‐moderate CM in cows with longer lasting high somatic cell counts in preceding dairy herd improvement test days and with previous CM cases in current lactation were randomly allocated to one of the three treatment groups. A foremilk sample of the affected quarter was taken before treatment and again approximately 14 days and 21 days after the end of therapy for cyto‐bacteriological examination. Primary outcomes were clinical cure (CC) and no CM recurrence within 60 days after the end of treatment (no R60). Bacteriological cure (BC) and quarter somatic cell count (QSCC) cure were chosen as secondary outcomes although low probabilities of BC and QSCC cure for selected cows were expected. The study resulted in the following findings: the pathogens mostly cultured from pretreatment samples were Streptococcus uberis, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase‐negative staphylococci. There were no significant differences between the two test treatments in comparison with the reference treatment regarding all outcome variables. The sole therapy with Masti Veyxym® resulted in a numerically lower likelihood of BC without significant differences to the reference treatment. The combined therapy group showed a numerically higher nonrecurrence rate than the two other treatment groups and noninferiority compared to the reference treatment was proven. Having regard to the selection criteria of cows in this study, the findings indicated that sole treatment with Masti Veyxym® in nonsevere CM cases may constitute an alternative therapy to reduce antibiotics. However, noninferiority evaluations were mostly inconclusive. Further investigations with a larger sample size are required to confirm the results and to make a clear statement on noninferiority. 相似文献
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AIMS: To determine the suitability of diets containing either approximately 85% fodder beet (Beta vulgaris L.) with barley straw or 65% fodder beet with pasture silage when fed to non-lactating dairy cows, by measuring intakes, digestibility, rumen function including microbial growth, and N excretion.METHODS: Holstein-Friesian cows fitted with permanent rumen fistulae were fed either 65% fodder beet with pasture silage (Silage; n=8) or 85% fodder beet with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) straw (Straw; n=8) in an indoor facility over a 9-day period, for measurement of intakes, digestibility, rumen function and urine production. The cows were adapted to the diets over 2 weeks before the indoor measurements. Feed was available for about 6 hours/day, as practiced commercially for wintering non-lactating cows.RESULTS: Five cows fed the Straw diet had to be removed from the trial because of acute acidosis; four on Day 1 of the measurement period and one on Day 7. One cow allocated to the Silage diet refused to eat fodder beet bulbs and was also removed from the trial. Two cows fed the Silage diet were also treated for acidosis. DM intakes were lower with the Straw than Silage diets (6.4 (SE 0.4) vs. 8.3 (SE 0.5) kg/day) and organic matter (OM) digestibility was lower with the Straw than Silage diets (77 (SE 1) vs. 83 (SE 1) g/100g). The N content of the two diets was 1.14 and 1.75?g/100?g DM and there was a net loss of N by cows fed the Straw diet (?22.7 (SE 7) g/day). Rumen microbial N production was much lower in cows fed the Straw than the Silage diet (6.6 (SE 1.3) vs. 15.8 (SE 0.7) g microbial N/kg digestible OM intake). Concentrations of ammonia in rumen liquid collected on Days 5–6 were below detection limits (<0.1?mmol/L) in 36/48 (75%) samples collected from cows fed the Straw diet and in 27/48 (56%) cows fed the Silage diet. Mean urinary N excretion was lower in cows fed the Straw than the Silage diet (52.0 (SE 5.8) vs. 87.7 (SE 5.9) g/day).CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVENCE: An over-wintering diet for dry cows comprising about 65% fodder beet with 35% pasture silage provided adequate nutrition, although there was some risk of acidosis. In contrast, the diet containing about 85% fodder beet with barley straw resulted in lower DM intakes, poor rumen function, negative N balance so that both nutrition and welfare were compromised. 相似文献