干燥机粮层通风阻力特性数值模拟与试验

粮层内部通风阻力特性是影响干燥均匀性和能量损耗的关键因素之一。针对传统的经验公式存在精度偏低、未考虑粮层多孔介质的复杂变化因素和非线性的不确定性问题,基于传统的Ergun模型进行了压力损失因素分析;在通风阻力试验平台测定试验数据,通过探索性分析方法对风速进行分段,引入误差影响因子λ,导出了一种新的基于多孔介质Ergun的稻谷变层压力场模型;给出了优化阻力特性曲线,构建了变层阻力与层厚的数学关系。试验结果证实,风速小于0.2m/s时,λ取值为1;风速在0.2~0.4m/s范围内时,λ取值为0.89;风速在0.4~0.6m/s范围内时,λ取值为0.79。     

全自动远红外烘干机微机控制系统的研究

研制了微机控制远红外烘干机，用于经济作物、食用菌、蔬菜、药材等物料的烘干。该机根据物料的干燥工艺，实现干燥过程的温度、湿度、时间的分阶段自动控制，使物料在整个烘干过程中满足工艺要求。经现场使用表明，该机工作稳定、正常、操作方便、省工省力，确保了物料烘干质量的提高。温度、湿度变化分别稳定控制在±１℃、±２％。     

5BH-5型种子包衣后烘干机的研制

介绍了研究开发的5BH-5型种子包衣后烘干机基本结构、工作过程及技术特点。该烘干机基本结构包括滚筒、热风系统、排料机构和控制系统。热源采用两级火力燃油热风炉,并用温度控制器自动精确控制火力。烘干方式采用双滚筒串联横流烘干,实现连续式作业。对小麦包衣后的烘干试验结果表明实际生产率5.6 t/h,干燥强度10 kg/(m3.h),干燥不均匀度1%,自动清机度99%,各项性能指标均达到或超过该机的设计技术指标。     

滚筒式真空脉动干燥机设

设计了一种滚筒式真空脉动干燥机.该干燥机由干燥滚筒、旋转接头、加热系统、控制系统、真空系统和传动系统组成.控制系统通过控制电磁阀可使干燥滚筒内的干燥压力在真空与常压之间有规律地变化.干燥滚筒在增加装料量的同时,还可通过旋转使物料受热均匀,提高机器的生产率.无核白鸡心葡萄的干燥试验表明,在干燥压力为7kPa,一个循环内真空干燥20min,常压干燥4min,干燥温度为60℃的条件下,干燥12h,葡萄含水率可降至16.4%(湿基),糖酸比达到33.2.     

Optimization of the floating-type seaweed dryer

A floating-type solar dryer was designed and fabricated in order to answer the need for a faster and more efficient drying of seaweeds. Based on the results of the several field tests conducted, the developed seaweed dryer was capable of producing good quality dried seaweed products at a shorter drying time as compared to the traditional solar drying methods employed by seaweed farmers. The developed seaweed dryer was likewise proven to be highly adaptable to varying weather conditions. However, like most solar-type dryers, the performance of the fabricated seaweed dryer is greatly affected by weather variations. On a good sunny day, short drying time is expected unlike in cloudy or rainy weather conditions and even during nighttime where air drying can be done, the longer drying period is anticipated. Due to the different drying environments, the optimal dryer settings both for the daytime and cloudy or nighttime conditions must be determined. The optimization study conducted focused on the effects of varying the air inlet of the dryer by opening the foldable sidings to different height levels and the timely operation of exhaust fans in maximizing the combined effect of solar and air drying. An eight-hour drying test was conducted to determine the amount of moisture removed from the seaweed samples which was measured at 30 min interval. The analysis revealed that fully-opened sidings without running exhaust fans setting resulted in the highest moisture reduction in nighttime conditions. On the other hand, the sidings which were opened one-fourth from the bottom without running exhaust fans and sidings half-opened with running exhaust fans settings yielded the highest moisture reduction in daytime condition. In addition, no significant interaction was found between the level of sidings height openings and the operation of the exhaust fans during the nighttime condition. Conversely, there was a significant interaction between the level of sidings height openings and the operation of exhaust fans during the daytime condition.     

滚筒式种子干燥机设计与试验

论述作物种子干燥机的特殊要求，介绍所研制的作物种子干燥机结构，分析其工作原理，确定关键参数的设计原则和方法。使用表明：该机自动化程度高，结构和参数选择合理，能满足作物种子干燥的特殊要求，具有良好干燥效果。     

倾斜料盘式气体射流冲击干燥机设计与试验

针对平板式气体射流冲击装置存在的装料量小、干燥不均匀、干燥结壳等问题,设计了一种倾斜料盘式气体射流冲击干燥机。该干燥机由倾斜料盘车、干燥室、热空气循环利用系统、干燥加湿和控制系统等组成,干燥过程中可根据不同物料的干燥特性,对料盘托架倾角、料盘距喷嘴间距、喷嘴排列间距等结构参数和干燥室内气流温度、湿度、风速等工艺参数在一定范围内进行调节。以哈密瓜片为试验物料进行了性能试验,满装载量相比传统射流冲击装置提高了1.7倍,而干燥时间缩短了11.1%,干燥机的处理能力相对于后者提高了3.65倍,单位能耗降低了67.9%,且干燥均匀系数达0.97,干燥后的成品色泽褐变及收缩程度更小。所设计干燥机提高了气体射流冲击干燥装置的装载量,确保了干燥过程的均匀性,改善了干后品质。     

新型高效节能动物粪便烘干机的研究

针对我国目前集约化养殖场出现的环境污染严重,动物粪便利用不当,现有动物粪便烘干机内物料与机壁粘结严重等问题,对一种新型三层复合滚筒气流烘干机进行了研究。通过计算和分析确定了烘干机的内部结构和工艺参数。结果表明该机较普通单层滚筒干燥机节能15％～20％,占地减少1/3,并且在相同入口干燥介质温度下,可大大提高入口处内层筒的壁温,从而达到防粘的目的。     

新型高效节能动物粪便烘干机的研究

针对我国目前集约化养殖场出现的环境污染严重,动物粪便利用不当,现有动物粪便烘干机内物料与机壁粘结严重等问题,对一种新型三层复合滚筒气流烘干机进行了研究。通过计算和分析确定了烘干机的内部结构和工艺参数。结果表明该机较普通单层滚筒干燥机节能15％～20％,占地减少1/3,并且在相同入口干燥介质温度下,可大大提高入口处内层筒的壁温,从而达到防粘的目的。     

5HSY—1型谷物烘干机的研制

本文介绍了应用间歇式顺流干燥工艺研制而成的５ＨＳＹ－１型移动式、多功能谷物烘干机，并阐述了间歇式顺流干燥工艺的干燥机理。该机具有降水幅度大、干燥均匀、单位热耗低、耗煤量低、烘后品质好等性能特点。