Physiologic mechanism and preoperative prediction of new-onset dysphagia after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication

The aim of this study was to determine whether preoperative physiologic factors can account for and be used to predict the development of postoperative dysphagia after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. One hundred sixty-three patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease underwent laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication with a median follow-up of 14 months (range 6 to 81 months). Preoperative dysphagia was present in 37% (60 of 163) and was relieved in all but five patients (92%). Female sex (P = 0.01) and the presence of a stricture (P = 0.02) were the only preoperative variables associated with the presence of preoperative dysphagia. Eight percent (8 of 103) of patients without preoperative dysphagia developed new-onset dysphagia, and of these 63% (5 of 8) had a normal lower esophageal sphincter (LES) (pressure >6 mm Hg; length >2 cm; abdominal length >1 cm). New-onset dysphagia was significantly more common in patients with a normal LES (22% [5 of 23] vs. 4% [3 of 80], P = 001). Patients with a normal LES had almost a sixfold increase in the risk of developing dysphagia as those with an abnormal LES (relative risk = 5.8). Only a preoperative normal LES (P = 0.02) or mean LES pressures (P = 0.04) were positively associated with the development of postoperative dysphagia. The severity of this dysphagia also showed a strong positive trend of increasing with mean preoperative LES pressures (P = 0.07). Finally, preoperative LES pressure significantly correlated with postoperative LES pressure (r = 0.48, P = 0.01) and with mean residual LES (nadir) pressure (r = 0.33, P = 0.05) offering insight into the mechanism of this dysphagia. In conclusion, preoperative LES parameters play a role in the development of dysphagia after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. Patients with a normal LES or high mean LES pressures are at increased risk for developing this complication and should be informed of this before laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. Presented at the Forty-Second Annual Meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Atlanta, Ga., May 20–23, 2001.     

Surgical approach after failed enteryx injection for GERD.

OBJECTIVE: We report on 3 patients who underwent laparoscopic antireflux procedures for persistent symptoms of GERD after biopolymer injection. METHODS: Experienced laparoscopic surgeons completed all 3 procedures laparoscopically. In 2 patients, there was an extramural extravasation of the polymer outside and adherent to the esophageal wall. In these patients, a partial posterior fundoplication was used. The third patient, who had the polymer material deposits removed preoperatively by endoscopic mucosal resection, underwent a Nissen fundoplication. RESULTS: Postoperative recovery was uneventful in all cases. At follow-up of 6 to 12 months, all patients were symptom free, off medical therapy, and experiencing no dysphagia. CONCLUSION: Surgical therapy for patients after failed biopolymer injection is safe and effective. The choice of surgery may depend on whether the polymer mass can be removed preoperatively.     

腹腔镜高选择性迷走神经切断术联合Nissen胃底折叠术:效果如何?——腹腔镜Nissen迷走神经切断术治疗胃食管返流

背景：Nissen胃底折叠术（Nissen fundoplication，NF）已不是治疗胃食管返流性疾病（gastroesophageal reflux disease，GERD）的唯一、有效的方法。对于能降低胃酸的手术方式来讲，如高选择性迷走神经切断术（highly selective vagotomy，HSV），也不仅仅是一种辅助治疗方法。对高选择性迷走神经切断术联合Nissen胃底折叠术（Nissen fundoplication with highly selective vagotomy，NFHSV）治疗GERD的作用目前尚无完整的评价。方法：2003年6月～2005年6月8例女性病人接受NFHSV，8例均有6个月GERD病史，经药物治疗症状无缓解，有餐前痛、消化性溃疡或严重的胃炎。平均随访时间12个月，术前、术后进行烧心严重程度评分测定（heart burn severity score，HSS）。结果：平均手术时间110min，无手术并发症。1例术后须用质子泵抑制剂，术后经戒烟5个月后停药。8例术后症状和烧心严重程度评分测定有明显改善。结论：NFHSV是有效的联合手术方式，尚需要进一步的研究证实这一联合术式的完全有效性和安全性。     

Ambulatory laparoscopic fundoplication

Background: Increasingly larger series of laparoscopic fundoplications (LF) are being reported. A well-documented advantage of the laparoscopic approach is shortened hospital stay. Most centers report typical lengths of stay (LOS) for LF of 2–3 days. Our success with LF with a LOS of 1 day led to an attempt at performing LF on an ambulatory basis. Methods: Sixty-one consecutive patients with appropriate criteria for LF underwent surgery at our institution. Patients were counseled by the authors as to the usual postop course and progression of diet. All patients received preemptive analgesia (PEA) consisting of perioperative ketorolac and preincisional local infiltration with bupivicaine. Anesthetic management included induction with propofol, high-dose inhalational anesthetics, minimizing administration of parenteral narcotics, and avoidance of reversal of neuromuscular blockade. Immediate postop pain management included parenteral ketorolac and oral hydro- or oxycodone. All patients were given oral fluids and soft solids after transfer from the recovery room to the postoperative observation unit. Two patients were excluded from ambulatory consideration due to excessive driving distance from our hospital. Another two were hospitalized for observation after experiencing intraoperative technical problems. Results: Of 57 patients in whom same-day discharge was attempted, there were three failures requiring overnight hospitalization: All were due to pain and nausea; one patient also suffered transient urinary retention. There were no adverse outcomes related to early discharge, and there were no readmissions. One patient returned to the emergency room after delayed development of urinary retention. Median time from conclusion of operation to discharge was less than 5 h. No patients expressed dissatisfaction with early discharge on follow-up interview. Conclusions: LF can be safely performed as an ambulatory procedure. Analgesic and anesthetic management should be tailored to minimize nausea and provide adequate pain control. Received: 1 April 1996/Accepted: 29 May 1997     

Laparoscopic partial fundoplication vs laparoscopic Nissen-Rosetti fundoplication

Background: Since 1992, all patients at our institution who have met standard accepted criteria for surgical intervention for complicated gastroesophageal reflux disease have been entered into a prospective sequential clinical study to evaluate outcomes of the laparoscopic approach to the Nissen-Rosetti procedure and a modified Toupet procedure. Methods: A standardized workup with upper GI series, esophagography, and endoscopy was used in all patients. Manometry, pH testing, and other special tests were used selectively. A measuring technique was used to determine wrap size without the use of dilators. The short gastric vessels were left intact in all patients. A cosurgeon approach was used, with technical factors described herein. Results: Some 226 of 231 cases were completed laparoscopically (98%)—125 patients in the Nissen-Rosetti group and 101 in the partial fundoplication group. There were no clinical failures in either group. The partial fundoplication group performed better than the Nissen-Rosetti group in all categories of comparison. Return to normal eating habits was much earlier in the partial wrap group (p < 0.0001). Postop distal esophageal sphincter pressures in the two groups were equal at 15 mmHg. Eight patients suffered significant dysphagia requiring endoscopy and dilatation, all in the Nissen-Rosetti group (p < 0.01). Minor complications occurred in 12% of the total group. There was a total surgical revision rate of 3%. There were no gastric or esophageal perforations. Average operative time was 30 min. Average hospital stay was 1.4 days. Hospital charges for the laparoscopic approach averaged $6,000 dollars compared to $12,000 for the open approach. Conclusion: Laparoscopic partial fundoplication is as effective as laparoscopic Nissen-Rosetti fundoplication, with a higher satisfaction rate and fewer side effects. Measuring for wrap and hiatus size eliminates the need for and risk of using stiff dilators. By utilizing cosurgeons and currently available technology, cost, operative time, hospital time, and complications can be reduced to a finite minimum. Received: 12 December 1995/Accepted: 12 August 1996     

Tension-free hiatal hernia repair with biological mesh: A real-world experience

Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication and esophagoplasty are the standards for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and hiatal hernia (HH) repair. Biologically derived mesh is also associated with reduced recurrence. This study attempted to evaluate the effectiveness of a biological mesh in the 4K laparoscopic repair of HH. This retrospective study reviewed patients with a severe GERD complicated with HH from August 2019 to August 2020. All patients underwent the HH repair using a biological mesh under a 4K laparoscope accompanying Nissen fundoplication. Up to 16 months postoperatively, GERD-health-related quality-of-life (GERD-HRQL) scale, radiologic studies on HH recurrence, and symptoms were recorded. The mean surgical time and postoperative hospital stay were 70.9 ± 8.72 min, 4.8 ± 0.76 days, respectively. The postoperative symptom relief rate was 96.5%, and no recurrence exhibited during follow-up. Dysphagia occurred in 10 (9.43%) patients. There were no intraoperative vagus nerve injury or postoperative complications, mesh infection, and reoperation for mesh. The tension-free repair of HH with the biological mesh is an option for clinical use, with effectiveness and few short-term complications being reported.     

3D腹腔镜疝修补术联合胃底折叠术治疗食管裂孔疝53例临床分析

目的 探究3D腹腔镜疝修补术联合胃底折叠术治疗食管裂孔疝的可行性及疗效.方法 回顾性分析2012年3月至2016年5月于潍坊市人民医院普外科行3D腹腔镜疝修补术联合胃底折叠术治疗食管裂孔疝53例患者的临床资料,总结其治疗情况.结果 53例手术均顺利完成,手术时间(121.6 ±17.5)min,术中出血量(51.7 ±6.7)mL,术后住院时间(4.3 ± 1.6)d,无胃食管穿孔、气胸等并发症,术后3例出现吞咽困难(Nissen法2例,Toupet法1例),53例患者随访时间为24个月,随访率100%,49例患者临床症状完全消失,4例偶伴有反酸、烧心(Dor法2例,Toupet法2例),无复发病例.结论 3D腹腔镜疝修补术联合胃底折叠术治疗食管裂孔疝是安全、有效、可行的,可取得较好的治疗效果.     

Endoscopic anti-reflux therapy for gastroesophageal reflux disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease has an increasing incidence and prevalence worldwide. A significant proportion of patients have a suboptimal response to proton pump inhibitors or are unwilling to take lifelong medication due to concerns about long-term adverse effects. Endoscopic anti-reflux therapies offer a minimally invasive option for patients unwilling to undergo surgical treatment or take lifelong medication. The best candidates are those with a good response to proton pump inhibitors and without a significant sliding hiatal hernia. Transoral incisionless fundoplication and nonablative radiofrequency are the techniques with the largest body of evidence and that have been tested in several randomized clinical trials. Band-assisted ligation techniques, anti-reflux mucosectomy, anti-reflux mucosal ablation, and new plication devices have yielded promising results in recent noncontrolled studies. Nonetheless, the role of endoscopic procedures remains controversial due to limited long-term and comparative data, and no consensus exists in current clinical guidelines. This review provides an updated summary focused on the patient selection, technical details, clinical success, and safety of current and future endoscopic anti-reflux techniques.     

3D打印dry lab模型在腹腔镜胃底折叠手术训练中的应用效果

目的分析利用3D打印dry lab模型在腹腔镜胃底折叠手术训练中的应用效果。方法以2018年9月至2019年1月于我院行腹腔镜胃底折叠术的22例胃食管反流病患者为对照组,以2019年2月至2019年7月于我院行腹腔镜胃底折叠术的20例患者为观察组。观察组手术操作者在手术前通过3D打印dry lab模型进行腹腔镜胃底折叠手术训练。比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛情况及术后并发症发生情况。结果观察组患者的手术时间短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,术后疼痛评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论利用3D打印dry lab模型进行腹腔镜胃底折叠手术训练可提高术者的操作技能水平,减少对患者机体的损伤,术后并发症发生率较低,利于患者预后,值得推广。