喉癌术后感染的调查分析

目的探讨喉癌术后感染的原因、相关因素、防治措施及术后感染与局部肿瘤复发的关系. 方法对1990年1月～2002年1月我科实施的 728例喉癌手术患者的手术类型,手术时间、病灶分泌物细菌培养、局部肿瘤复发与术后感染的关系进行分析. 结果喉癌术后感染率为14.84%;术后感染的致病菌以革兰阴性杆菌占多数,术后感染与手术类型、手术时间等因素有相关性,术后感染与局部肿瘤复发无明显关系. 结论喉癌术后感染率较高,术后感染与手术类型、手术时间等因素相关;喉癌术后感染与局部肿瘤复发无明显关系.     

The Incidence of Sub-hepatic Collections after Cholecystectomy*

Percutaneous aspiration and drainage is increasingly being used in the diagnosis and management of surgical complications. The purpose of this study was to determine the natural history of right upper quadrant collections in cholecystectomy patients. Twenty-seven consecutive patients undergoing cholecystectomy were examined ultrasonically. Collections in the subphrenic space, gallbladder fossa or wound were specifically sought. All patients had conventional T-tube and wound drainage post-operatively. Six collections were seen at the initial examination performed at a mean time of 6 days after surgery. Nineteen patients were re-examined at a mean of 12.6 days post-operatively and three of the collections seen initially had resolved, but 3 patients had developed new abnormalities. By 30 days, all collections had resolved except for one patient with a large subphrenic collection which required surgical drainage. It is concluded that collections are relatively common post-cholecystectomy and most resolve spontaneously.     

甲状腺再次手术34例分析

目的总结甲状腺疾病术后冉手术的经验。方法分析34例冉手术病人原因,预防冉手术的经验,特别对冉手术的指征,冉手术的术式选择及术中主要组织的保护。结果全组无手术死亡,全部治愈。发生并发症6例,其中声音嘶哑3例,呛咳2例,甲状腺功能低下1例。结论选择再次手术时行甲状腺次全切除术最为理想。术中应特别注意保护甲状旁腺和喉返神经。     

Post-surgical hallux varus. A case report

Sometimes a hallux varus occurs as a consequence of the treatment for a hallux valgus, determined by an alteration of the balance between the muscolo-ligamentous structure which crosses the first metatarso-phalangeal joint. This complication is poorly tolerated by patients. Various operations have been proposed to correct the varus, which includes the bone and the soft tissue. A clinical case has been presented which uses a split extensor hallucis longus transfer, distally sectioned and made to pass under the deep transverse intermetatarsal ligament, used as a pulley, and through a tunnel made in the bone at the proximal-lateral base of the proximal phalanx, and then tensioned and sutured to its medial side.     

经络艾灸防治乳腺癌根治术后患侧上肢水肿的效果评价

目的观察循经艾灸预防乳腺癌患者根治术后上肢水肿的效果。方法采用便利抽样法选取乳腺外科乳腺癌根治术的患者150例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组75例。对照组行常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上在手术侧上肢循经艾灸。于术前1 d、术后第14天和术后1个月,测量两组患者患侧上肢水肿程度。结果观察组术后患侧上肢水肿发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论术后循经艾灸可有效预防乳腺癌根治术后患侧上肢水肿,提高患者舒适度。     

After aesthetic rhinoplasty: New looks and psychological outlooks on post-surgical satisfaction

Thirty-four female patients who underwent rhinoplasty were followed through assessment of postsurgical satisfaction (pss), perception of subjective improvement, objective improvement (surgeon's ratings), and objective post-surgical nasal deformity. Assessments of pss and subjective improvement were obtained on 3 occasions: T₁, 1 week after surgery, on cast removal; T₂, 1 month after cast removal; and T₃, 3 months after cast removal. The investigation was aimed at examination of the relationship of patients' subjective post-surgical appraisals of the operation with objective indices of outcome of rhinoplasty. Results indicated that at T₁, pss is totally dissociated from objective outcome or its appraisal by the patient. At T₂ an association between objective outcome and pss and subjective appraisal of outcome is evident, but seems to reflect the total reliance of the patients' judgment on surgeons' appraisals. At T₃ a paradoxical trend is indicated: slim objective favorable outcomes correlate with high pss, while a considerable share of patients with whom a highly favorable outcome has been attained express relatively low pss. This paradoxical trend may be well understood when applying Cognitive Dissonance Theory. The whole pattern of results point again at highly complex and powerful psychological processes, some of them seemingly irrational, operating within patients when relating to rhinoplasty, a simple superficial surgical procedure.     

Transcranial cerebellar herniation following craniotomy: Case report and literature review

To report a case of post-surgical encephalocele through craniotomy burr holes following the resection of a meningioma of the posterior fossa. A 49-year-old female presented in the emergency room with cephalea. The MRI showed a meningioma of the convexity of the posterior fossa. A resection was performed and the bone flap replaced. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged. After 30 days the patient consulted referring cephalea, vomiting and imbalance. Brain MRI revealed a trans-cranial cerebellar herniation through the craniotomy burr holes. An urgent surgery was performed to repair the encephalocele. Post-surgical brain MRI was performed and did not show complications.Post-surgical encephalocele is an uncommon complication after the resection of a posterior fossa lesion. To avoid this complication, it is recommended thorough dural and bony closure, particularly in the posterior fossa surgeries and in high-risk patients.