华法林与阿司匹林预防复发性卒中或死亡的比较

美国哥伦比亚大学和梅尔曼公共卫生学院、纽约长老会医院神经学研究所的Sacco等联合应用预先规定的亚组分析和探索性亚组分析，对华法林-阿司匹林复发性卒中研究（Warfarin-Aspirin Recurrent Stroke Study，WARSS）队列中不同基线亚组的任何治疗差异进行了探讨。     

心跳骤停后的亚低温治疗进展

随着全球对心肺复苏认识的逐渐加深,人们对基础心肺复苏技术的掌握,心跳骤停患者自主循环恢复的成功率也越来越高,而高级生命支持和持续生命支持也就受到了更多的重视,中枢神经系统的功能恢复被认为是持续生命支持的核心。在中枢神经系统复苏尤其是脑复苏中,低温治疗已经逐渐成     

75％酒精治疗锝亚甲二磷酸盐所致静脉炎的疗效观察

目的观察75%酒精治疗锝亚甲二磷酸盐(99Tc-MDP)所致静脉炎的疗效。方法对应用99Tc-MDP治疗类风湿性关节炎所致静脉炎的30例患者采用75%酒精纱布湿敷,测量患者湿敷前后疼痛程度、起效时间及预后等。结果21名患者湿敷4～5h有效,9名患者当天湿敷有效,继续敷用2～3d后痊愈,有效率100%;湿敷前后患者疼痛指数分别为5.6分、3.2分,治疗前后比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者湿敷后平均46.2min疼痛开始缓解。结论75%酒精湿敷可以明显改善因99Tc-MDP静脉输入所致的静脉炎。     

肾综合征出血热患者T细胞亚群数量与白细胞介素2,4水平变化的关系

采用ABC免疫组化染色法及单克隆抗体夹心法ELISA，同步检测了34例肾综合征出血热（HFRS）患者外周血T细胞亚群数量和血清白细胞介素2和4（IL－2、IL－4）水平。发现HFRS病程中各T细胞亚群数量均有不同程度的升高，其中CDS阳性T细胞在各病期均有升高。IL－4水平升高仅见于发热期．而IL－2的升高主要在低血压期和少尿期。病程中有CD4／CD8比值的下降甚至倒置。这种比值的变化与IL－2和IL－4的动态变化有一定的相关性。结果揭示，在HFRS发病机理中存在Thl型和Th2型免疫反应等多种免疫病理机制。     

亚硒酸钠对顺铂致人体淋巴细胞增殖抑制的拮抗作用

目的 检测亚硒酸钠是否能够削弱或解除顺铂对植物血球凝激素(PHA)刺激的人体外周血淋巴细胞的增殖抑制。方法 用顺铂和亚硒酸钠单独或联合处理PHA刺激的人体外周血淋巴细胞，顺铂(0．05，0．20，0．50mg／L)在细胞培养24h时加入，亚硒酸钠(0．05mg／L)在不同处理中分别在细胞培养开始时加入或与顺铂同时加入；培养72h后检测转化淋巴细胞的有丝分裂指数。结果0．05mg/L亚硒酸钠在培养开始时加入，PHA刺激转化的淋巴细胞有丝分裂指数较对照增长42．8％(P＜0．05)，与顺铂同时加入，有丝分裂指数增长13．7％(P＞0．05)。0．05与0．20mg/L顺铂处理细胞，有丝分裂指数未发生显性改变，当顺铂剂量为0．50mg/L时，细胞有丝分裂指数较对照降低54．5％(P＜0．001)。亚硒酸钠预处理细胞可以解除0．50mg/L顺铂所致的细胞增殖抑制，使有丝分裂指数恢复正常，但亚硒酸钠与顺铂同时加入时，被顺铂抑制的有丝分裂指数只能部分提高。结论0．05mg/L亚硒酸钠单独作用于淋巴细胞可直接促进细胞增殖，与顺铂联合处理细胞时，可降低顺铂毒性，拮抗顺铂的抗增殖作用。亚硒酸钠在细胞培养开始时加入培养体系效果更佳。     

淋巴细胞亚群在成人麻疹患者中的变化及其临床意义

随着麻疹疫苗的广泛应用，麻疹发病的年龄有后移现象，成人麻疹的发病率明显增加。麻疹的发病机制除了与麻疹病毒侵入细胞直接引起细胞病变外，全身性迟发型超敏性细胞免疫反应在麻疹的发病机制中起了非常重要的作用。在成人麻疹的发病过程中，检测其细胞免疫功能的变化，尚少见报道。为了解成人麻疹细胞免疫功能状况，探究其发病机制，我们对2006年1～5月无锡地区住院的成人麻疹患者外周血T细胞亚群（CD3、CD4、CD8）及自然杀伤细胞（NK细胞）、细胞毒性T细胞（CTL细胞）进行了检测，并对它们的相互关系进行了分析。     

大鼠延髓和脊髓背角内PKCγ阳性神经元向中缝大核的投射

目的 研究大鼠延髓背角和脊髓背角浅层内蛋白激酶Cγ亚单位（PKCγ）阳性神经元向中缝大核（NRM）的投射。方法 荧光金（FG）逆行追踪和PKCγ免疫荧光组织化学染色相结合的双标记方法。结果 将FG注入NRM，在延髓和脊髓背角的Ⅰ-Ⅲ层内可见FG逆标神经元；PKCγ阳性神经元主要分布于延髓和脊髓背角的Ⅱ层内侧部及Ⅱ、Ⅲ层交界处，Ⅰ、Ⅲ层内较少；延髓背角Ⅰ层和脊髓背角Ⅰ－Ⅲ层可观察到FG逆标并呈PKCγ阳性的双标神经元。结论 延髓和脊髓背角浅层向NRM投射的神经元含PKCγ，提示PKCγ在向NRM传递痛信息的通路中可能发挥重要作用。     

血绒毛膜促性腺激素β亚单位在早期诊断异位妊娠中的作用

异位妊娠又名宫外孕，是指受精卵种植在子宫腔以外部位的妊娠。近年来国内外文献报道异位妊娠发病率呈上升趋势，可能与性病、流产等高危因素增加、助孕技术广泛开展等有关。异位妊娠在早期与先兆流产有时不易鉴别，为了探讨血绒毛膜促性腺激素β亚单位（β-hcG）值在早期诊断异位妊娠中的价值，我们对比分析研究了同期住院的异位妊娠和先兆流产患者的血β-hcG值。     

Changes in T .lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain inJury

BACKGROUND： Besides local changes of cranial parenchymal cells, hemorrhage, etc., severe traumatic brain injuries also cause the changes of total body fluid and various functions, and the changes of lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets should be paid more attention to. OBJECTIVE： To reveal the changing laws of T lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain injury, and compare with mild to moderate brain injury. DESIGN： A comparative observation. SETTINGS： Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City; Central Laboratory of Shenzhen Hospital of Prevention and Cure for Chronic Disease. PARTICIPANTS： All the subjects were selected from the Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City from August 2002 to August 2005. Thirty patients with severe brain injury, whose Glasgow coma score （GCS） was ≤ 8 points, were taken as the experimental group, including 21 males and 9 females, aging 16 - 62 years. Meanwhile, 30 patients with mild traumatic brain injury were taken as the control group （GCS ranged 14- 15 points）, including 18 males and 12 females, aging 15 -58 years. All the subjects were in admission at 6 hours after injury, without disease of major organs before injury Informed consents were obtained from all the patients or their relatives. METHODS： （1） The T lymphocytes and the subsets in peripheral blood were detected with immunofluorescent tricolor flow cytometry at l, 3, 7 and 14 days after injury in both groups. （2） The conditions of pulmonary infections were observed at 4 days after injury. The differences of measurement data were compared with the t test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Changes of T lymphocytes subsets at 1 - 14 days after severe and mild or moderate traumatic injury. RESULTS： Finally, 28 and 25 patients with mild to moderate traumatic brain injury, whereas 25 and 21 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were analyzed at 7 and 14 days respectively, and the missed ones died due to the development of disease. （1） Changes of T lymphocyte subsets： At 1 and 3 days after injury, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 began to decrease, whereas CD8 increased in the experimental group, which were very significantly different from those in the control group （t =2.77 - 3.26, P 〈 0.01）, and began to recover at 7 days, which were significantly different from those in the control group （t = 2.06 - 2.24, P 〈 0.05）, and generally recovered to the normal levels at 14 days （P 〉 0.05）. （2） Conditions of pulmonary infections： At 4 days after injury, the rate of pulmonary infection was significantly different between the experimental group and control group [73% （22/30）, 0, x2=37.29, P 〈 0.01]. CONCLUSION： Patients with severe traumatic brain injury suffer from damages of cellular immune function at early period （within 7 days）, and they are easily to be accompanied by pulmonary infections.