油田含油污泥处理技术

分析了辽河油田石油炼制过程中产生的含油污泥。根据该种油污泥老化严重、生物毒性高等特点,本着无害化的处理要求制定出如下处理工艺:加水稀释–加热均化–加药除油–混凝沉淀–上清液回用。实验结果表明,该工艺处理该种含油污泥可以有效的回收原油,并且降低了污染物含量。最后对该工艺进行了可行性分析表明具有一定的社会效益。     

壳聚糖(不脱蛋白质)絮凝探讨

本文应用不脱掉蛋白质的壳聚糖絮凝处理制浆造纸的废液，考察了处理废液的最优条件，比较了四种废液的固形物、无机物、有机物、CODCr的含量（处理前与处理后），为壳聚糖的应用又开辟了一个前景。     

高聚物絮凝作用机理的定量化研究

介绍了数学形态学的基本理论,阐述了该理论用于煤泥絮凝图像处理的步骤及方法,获取了絮团粒度、桥长等微观结构参数。根据研究结果,提出了高聚物对细粒煤泥的絮凝模式,并实现了高聚物絮凝作用机理的定量化研究。     

新型有机絮凝剂的合成及其应用

介绍了采用正交设计的方法，以魔芋精粉和磷酸盐为主要原料合成新型有机絮凝剂魔芋葡甘聚糖磷酸酯的配方及条件。同时进行了絮凝效果应用研究。     

黑腐酸对赤泥沉降分离过程影响的研究

进行了铝土矿中有机物黑腐酸对赤泥沉降性能影响的研究。考查了不同浓度条件下黑腐酸对赤泥沉降速度、溢流浮游物含量和底流压缩液固比的影响，探讨了絮凝剂消除黑腐酸负面作用的条件。     

Vitrification of a waste water flocculate from a petroleum catalyst manufacturer

Chemical and mineral compositions of a waste water flocculate generated in a manufacturer producing fluidized-bed catalytic cracking catalysts were analyzed. The flocculate was then calcined at 1200–1350 °C. X-ray diffraction analysis results indicate that the flocculate can be directly vitrified at 1350 °C without the addition of any other ingredients. The density and chemical durability of the directly vitrified product are comparable with commercial soda-lime-silicate glasses. However, the viscosity of directly vitrified glass melt was very high. Thus, the refining and shaping of the glass melt were difficult. With the addition of minerals such as limestone, dolomite and fluorite, workable glasses could be formed. The influence of MgO on the structure and properties of the obtained glasses is discussed. Results show that the density and hardness of the glass increase with the increase of MgO, whereas the chemical durability, transition and crystallization temperatures decrease. The present study provides a general way to utilize waste water flocculates in glass production.     

FRACTIONS DISTRIBUTION AND ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF HEAVY OILS BY PYROANALYSIS

ABSTRACT

Oxidative pyroanalysis apparatus was settled to fully characterize heavy oils. Fractions distribution, and elemental composition were obtained in one single run on both volatile and non volatile fractions. Correlation between experimental Carbon residue values and Conradson carbon residue data is possible and a crackability index of the heaviest part of heavy oil is determined. From all gathered data, quality of products can be appreciated in these circumstances as well as thermal sensitivity resulting in accurate determination of conversion indices.     

化学捕收絮凝沉降废水中铅离子的研究

本文采用铜试剂作为废水中铅的化学捕收剂，以明矾(alum)和PAM为复合絮凝剂沉降络合物胶体，取得了很好的效果。常温下，调节pH值为6．0，在最优化的配比时，铅的去除率在98％以上。尤其当水中铅的浓度低于100mg/L时，经过该方法处理的水，铅的浓度低于1．0mg/L，符合GB8978-1996一类污染物的排放标准；本方法处理废水中的铅，生成的絮体粒径大，强度高，适宜于沉降分离，沉降时间在30min左右。     

PCC预絮聚体形成机理探讨

通过对沉淀碳酸钙（PCC）絮聚体形成过程及在纸张中的留着进行观察,比较了PCC预絮聚和实际加填的差异,研究了PCC絮聚体粒径及Zeta电位的变化情况,探讨了用静电场理论解释PCC+CS（阳离子淀粉）+CP3（阴离子有机微聚物）絮聚体的形成机理。将絮聚体理想化为中空的球体,由静电场理论分析可知,在垂直于由PCC粒子和CS形成的絮聚体微小平面空隙的方向上存在电场梯度,在电场力的作用下,CP3可进入絮聚体的类球体内并对外球面产生相互吸引作用而可能产生收缩,这种电场作用力可使絮聚体结合更牢固,抗剪切能力增强。     

壳聚糖在水处理中的应用

论述了目前壳聚糖这种新型的天然高分子有机物在水处理上的应用,由于壳聚糖具有环保、无毒、资源丰富且具有吸附作用等特点,使得它在水处理中的应用越来越受到重视.