低品位雄黄矿浮选研究

通过改进浮选工艺、提高磨矿粒度、添加调整剂, 改善了低品位雄黄矿的浮选效果, 实验室试验结果表明, 对于含砷4.88%的原矿, 菜油作捕收剂、2号油作起泡剂, 经一粗二精闭路流程选别, 可获得含AsS 90.77 %的雄黄精矿。生产实践表明, 对于含砷5.46 %的原矿, 在磨矿粒度-0.075 mm粒级占65 %, 菜油30 g/ t, 2号油15 g/ t条件下, 经一粗二精流程选别, 可获得含AsS 90.20 %的雄黄精矿, 回收率为65%。     

某金矿金浸出率不高的原因及解决措施

某金矿采用堆浸工艺,金的浸出率一直较低,改用全泥氰化浸出工艺进行试验,金的浸出率也没有明显的提高。为此,对该矿矿石进行了工艺矿物学研究,查明了影响金浸出的主要因素为雄黄、雌黄等。根据工艺矿物学研究结果,采用原矿先经浮选除去雄黄、雌黄等硫化物,浮选精矿预处理后氰化浸出,浮选尾矿直接氰化浸出的方案进行试验,金的总浸出率达到88.52%,较原矿直接全泥氰化浸出提高25.02个百分点。     

Thermodynamic optimization of the As–S system

Literature review, critical assessment and thermodynamic modeling of the liquid and solid phases in the As–S system are presented. A set of optimized model parameters was obtained to reproduce previously published experimental data. The literature data included enthalpies of formation, heat capacity, vapor pressure and phase equilibrium data. A significant discrepancy among different sets of literature data was revealed. The model for the liquid phase was developed within the framework of the Modified Quasichemical Model (MQM) in pair approximation. The resulting set of model parameters was merged and tested within a larger multicomponent thermodynamic database for pyrometallurgical copper, lead and recycling industrial operations.     

雄黄矿中砷分析方法研究

对溴酸钾滴定法、高锰酸钾滴定法及碘滴定法测定砷做了可行性对比实验；对快速碘滴定法测定雄黄矿中砷含量做了条件试验和验证试验。实验结果表明，快速碘滴定法准确度和精密度较好，能满足标准分析方法要求，可作为标准分析方法颁布实施。     

Assessment of the solubility and bioaccessibility of arsenic in realgar wine using a simulated gastrointestinal system

Consumption of arsenic (As) wine is a traditional activity during the classic Chinese festival of Duanwu, colloquially known worldwide as the Dragon Boat Day. Arsenic wine is drunk on the morning of the fifth day of the fifth lunar calendar month to commemorate the death of Qu Yuan, a famed Chinese poet who drowned himself in protest of a corrupt government, and to protect against ill fortune. Although realgar minerals are characteristically composed of sparingly soluble tetra-arsenic tetra-sulfides (As₄S₄), purity does vary with up to 10% of As being present as non-sulfur bound species, such as arsenate (As^V) and arsenite (As^III). Despite, the renewed interest in As speciation and the bioaccessibility of the active As components in realgar based Chinese medicines, little is known about the safety surrounding the cultural practice of drinking As wine. In a series of experiments the speciation and solubility of As in a range of wines were investigated. Furthermore, a simulated gastrointestinal system was employed to predict the impact of digestive processes on As bioavailability. The predominant soluble As species found in all the wines were As^III and As^V. Based on typical As wine recipes employing 0.1 g realgar mL^− 1 wine, the concentration of dissolved As ranged from ca. 100 to 400 mg L^− 1 depending on the ethanol content of the preparation: with the As solubility found to be higher in wines with a lower proportion of ethanol. Based on a common 100 mL measure of wine with a concentration of 400 mg As L^− 1, the amount of soluble As would equate to around half of the acute minimal lethal dose for adults. This is likely an underestimate of the bioaccessible concentration, as a three-fold increase in bioaccessibility could be observed in the intestinal phase based on the results from the stimulated gastrointestinal system.     

Mechanochemical preparation and anticancer effect of realgar As4S4 nanoparticles

In the past two decades nanocrystalline sulphide semiconductors have attracted considerable interest due to their intriguing properties and structure diversities. Arsenic show interesting solid state phenomena as well as therapeutic effects for various diseases. In this study, the nanosized realgar As₄S₄ particles (d - 144 nm) have been prepared by a high-energy milling. The solid state properties of the nanoparticles milled under various experimental conditions were characterized by XRD method, by measurement of specific surface area and particle size distribution in nanosized region. In biological tests the sensitivity of human cancer cell lines for the realgar nanoparticles has been clearly demonstrated.     

纳米雄黄的抗小鼠原位乳腺癌作用及其机制

目的: 研究纳米雄黄体内体外对小鼠乳腺癌细胞(4T1)的增殖抑制作用及其机制。方法: 以萤火虫荧光素酶(Luciferase, Luc)基因标记小鼠4T1乳腺癌(4T1-Luc)细胞,应用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法和生物发光法(Bioluminescent method, BLM)检测细胞增殖活性;细胞形态学及Annexin V/PI 双标记法观察细胞凋亡。4T1-Luc细胞接种雌性BALB/c小鼠乳腺脂肪垫制作原位乳腺癌模型,纳米雄黄(4和 8 mg·kg^-1·d^-1)灌胃治疗 20 d,小动物活体成像系统连续动态观察小鼠乳腺肿瘤生长变化,治疗末期处死动物、剥离肿瘤块称重,并制片HE染色和CD₃₄标记观测肿瘤组织内细胞核分裂像、新生血管形成及坏死改变。结果: MTT法和BLM法检测显示 1.56~50 μg/mL 纳米雄黄体外显著抑制 4T1-Luc 细胞的增殖(P<0.05);形态学观察和Annexin V/PI染色显示细胞呈现典型的凋亡改变。体内纳米雄黄呈时间和剂量依赖性地抑制小鼠4T1-Luc原位乳腺癌的生长(P<0.05);肿瘤组织制片观察,经纳米雄黄治疗后肿瘤组织内细胞核分裂像和微小血管显著减少(P<0.01),肿瘤组织内部呈显著的坏死改变。结论: 纳米雄黄体外抑制小鼠乳腺癌4T1细胞增殖和诱导细胞凋亡,并主要通过减低原位肿瘤组织内新生血管的形成而导致肿瘤组织坏死而发挥抗乳腺癌作用。     

高砷金矿中金的非氰化浸出研究

研究了氨性硫代硫酸盐体系中难浸高砷金矿金的浸出行为 ,考察了硫代硫酸钠浓度和氨水、硫酸铜、硫酸铵用量对金浸出率的影响。实验证明 ,氨性硫代硫酸盐溶液能够有效地溶解包裹在金粒表面的雌黄、雄黄等含砷矿物 ,金能被有效浸出。以甘肃坪定金矿为例 ,其浸出率可由氰化法的 15 %提高到 90 %。