改良小梁切除与传统小梁切除的疗效观察研究

目的:评价小梁切除术中改良巩膜瓣、睫状突定量小梁切除、不同缝合方式在术中术后的优缺点及远期疗效。方法120例(156眼)原发性青光眼随机分为4组:A组(传统术式组)30例(42眼);B组(可拆褥式缝线组)30例(40眼);C组(L形巩膜瓣小梁切除组)30例(34眼);D组(小切口睫状突定量小梁切除术组)3 0例(40眼),B.C.D组为改良术式组。比较4组术后浅前房、眼压和滤过泡情况。结果:浅前房发生率:A组26.119%(11/42),B组7.50%(3/40),C组2.94%(1/34),D组2.50%(1/40),改良术式组与传统术式组比较差异有板有统计学意义(P<0.01);随诊眼压:A组(14.65±4.30)mmHg,B组(1 3.87±3.60)m mHg,C组(15.58±3.20)mmHg,D组(14.50±3.15)mmHg,4组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);随诊功能性滤过泡A组76.19%(32/42),B组92.50%(37/40),C组97.05%(33/34),D组95.00%(38/40),传统小梁切除组与改良小梁切除组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用巩膜瓣可拆褥式缝合、L形巩膜瓣小梁切除、小切口睫状突定量小梁切除可大大降低术后浅前房的发生率,并能理想地控制眼压,提高术后视功能。     

外泌体来源的半乳糖凝集素-9预测肝移植术后排斥发生及预后（英文）

目的:外泌体及其内容物是各种肝脏疾病的潜在生物标志物。本研究探索外泌体及其内容物在肝移植排斥反应及预后中的作用。创新点:本研究发现外泌体及内含物半乳糖凝集素-9(galectin-9)在肝移植术后排斥及预后预测中发挥重要作用。方法:分别从急性排斥和肝功能稳定患者提取外泌体,进行分离、鉴定并检测其内含蛋白。候选蛋白通过在73个急性排斥病人和63个肝功能稳定病人切除肝的组织芯片中进行验证。最后将蛋白表达量和临床参数纳入Kaplan-Meier生存率和Cox回归分析。结论:外泌体来源的galectin-9可作为预测肝移植术后排斥发生及预后的生物学指标。     

论英译汉中的常见错误与对策

分析了英译汉过程中的常见错误或问题(翻译综合症)，同时指出产生这些错误的原因，并在此基础上提出了解决问题的对策。     

Effects of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise on body composition,glycaemic and lipid profile and aerobic capacity of obese rats

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise in the same training session on body composition, and glycaemic and lipid profile in obese rats. Sixteen lean Zucker rats and sixteen obese Zucker rats were randomly divided into exercise and sedentary subgroups (4 groups, n = 8). Exercise consisted of interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise in the same training session. The animals trained 60 min/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Body composition, lipid and glycaemic profiles and inflammatory markers were assessed.

Results showed that fat mass was reduced in both lean and obese rats following the exercise training (effect size (95% confidence interval (CI)) = 1.8 (0.5–3.0)). Plasma low-density lipoprotein–cholesterol and fasting glucose were lower in the exercise compared to the sedentary groups (d = 2.0 (0.7–3.2) and 1.8 (0.5–3.0), respectively). Plasma insulin was reduced in exercise compared to sedentary groups (d = 2.1 (0.8–3.4)). Some exercise × phenotype interactions showed that the highest decreases in insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, fasting and postprandial glucose were observed in the obese + exercise group (all, P < 0.01). The findings of this study suggest that interval aerobic training combined with strength exercise would improve body composition, and lipid and glycaemic profiles, especially in obese rats.     

对虾白斑综合症病毒囊膜蛋白Vp28基因的克隆、表达及蛋白纯化

以对虾白斑病毒DNA为模板扩增出Vp28基因,经限制性内切酶（SmaI,Not I）酶切后按正确的读码框顺序插入到pGEX-4T-2表达载体上,重组质粒转化大肠杆菌,经菌落PCR和质粒双酶切鉴定、序列测定确认,证实成功地构建了Vp28基因原核表达载体．转化菌经IPTG诱导表达,SDS-PAGE显示有与预期大小约52kD相吻合的融合蛋白带,18℃诱导24h后获得了可溶性表达的目的蛋白,采用Glutathione Sepharose 4B亲和层析对重组蛋白进行纯化,获得了纯度很高的目的蛋白．     

Unexpected changes of itinerary – adaptive functioning difficulties in daily transitions for adults with autism spectrum disorder

Adaptive functioning skills, also known as adaptive behaviours, refer to a multifaceted concept defined as behaviours necessary for age-appropriate, independent functioning in social, communication, daily living or motor areas. In light of the growing population of children with ASD who will eventually become adults, increased understanding of adaptive functioning during the transition to adulthood is of importance, but current research in this area lacks first-hand evidence presenting adaptive skills difficulties among older adolescents and adults with ASD. This article focuses on adaptive functioning skills in daily transitions for adults with Asperger’s syndrome (AS) or high-functioning autism (HFA). It draws on evidence from 12 interviews with individuals on the autism spectrum age 16–43, and 2 focus groups with 8 family members of people affected by ASD. Particular emphasis is placed on impact of adaptive functioning difficulties on well-being and quality of life for adults with ASD. Grounded theory approach has been used to analyse the gathered data. Interviewees reflected on daily challenges associated with unexpected changes in routine, sensory difficulties and social interactions. These in turn had an impact on their adaptive functioning skills by introducing complications in the process of making transitions between different contexts and decreasing interviewees’ ability to tackle challenges of daily life. Importance placed on societal expectations towards meeting bespoken standards and conforming to norms ruling the structure and interactions of daily life were also widely discussed. Frequently such expectations did not allow for factoring in the developmental nature of ASD and related difficulties, which as a result triggered additional complexity in managing daily transitions for adults on the spectrum. Further research addressing adaptive functioning skills in daily transitions for adults with ASD is needed.     

儿童急性呼吸道感染中流感嗜血杆菌的检测与分型

目的 :为了解儿童急性呼吸道感染中的流感嗜血杆菌与生物分型及其对抗生素的敏感情况。方法 :对 78例急性呼吸道感染儿童采用常规方法进行了培养 ,药敏试验与生物分型。结果 :共分离出流感嗜血杆菌 33株 ,检出率为 4 2 .3% ,在对所有分离株进行的生物分型结果中 ,共检出 5型 ,其中以Ⅳ ,Ⅵ型居多 ,分别为Ⅳ型 8例 (2 4 .2 % ) Ⅵ型 13例 (39.4 % )。 33株分离出的流感嗜血杆菌中 ,全部菌株对氯霉素 ,氧氟沙星敏感 ,头孢拉定株 2 1(6 3.6 % ) 、头孢唑林 19株 (5 7.6 % )、去甲万古霉素 2 3株 (6 9.7% ) 、苯唑青霉素 31株 (93.4 % ) 、复方磺鞍甲基异唑 11株 (33.3% )、红霉素 4株 (13.2 % )。结论 :儿童急性呼吸道感染中流感嗜血杆菌有较高的检出率 ,以生物Ⅵ型和Ⅳ型居多。流感嗜血杆菌存在着严重的耐药倾向。     

Case Report:Lance-Adams syndrome:a report of two cases

Chronic post-hypoxic myoclonus, also known as Lance-Adams syndrome (LAS), is a rare complication of successful cardiopulmanry resuscitation often accompanied by action myoclonus and cerebellar ataxia. It is seen in patients who have un-dergone a cardiorespiratory arrest, regained consciousness afterwards, and then developed myoclonus days or weeks after the event. Worldwide, 122 cases have been reported in the literature so far, including 1 case of Chinese. Here we report 2 Chinese LAS patients with detailed neuroimagings. Cranial single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of patient 1, a 52-year-old woman, showed a mild hypoperfusion in her left temporal lobe, whereas patient 2, a 54-year-old woman, manifested a mild bilateral decrease of glucose metabolism in the frontal lobes and a mild to moderate decrease of the N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) peak in the bilateral hippocampi by cranial [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomographic (PET) scan and cranial magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), respectively. We also review the literature on the neuroimaging, pathogenesis, and treatment of LAS.     

Troponin T and Heart Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein (h-Fabp) as Biomarkers in Patients Presenting with Chest Pain

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a term for a range of clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of myocardial ischemia. It results in functional and structural changes and ultimately releasing protein from injured cardiomyocytes. These cardiac markers play a major role in diagnosis and prognosis of ACS. This study aims to assess the efficacy of heart type fatty acid binding protein (h-FABP) as a marker for ACS along with the routinely used hs-TropT. In our observational study, plasma h-FABP (cut-off 6.32 ng/ml) and routinely done hs-Trop T (cutoff 0.1 and 0.014 ng/ml) were estimated by immunometric laboratory assays in 88 patients with acute chest pain. Based on the clinical and laboratory test findings the patients were grouped into ACS (n = 41) and non-ACS (n = 47). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, NPV, PPV and ROC curve at 95 % CI were determined. Sensitivity of hs-TropT (0.1 ng/ml), hs-TropT (0.014 ng/ml) and h-FABP were 53, 86 and 78 % respectively and specificity for the same were 98, 73 and 70 % respectively. Sensitivity, specificity and NPV calculated for a cut-off combination of hs-TropT 0.014 ng/ml and h-FABP was 100, 51 and 100 % respectively. These results were substantiated by ROC analysis. Measurement of plasma h-FABP and hs-TropT together on admission appears to be more precise predictor of ACS rather than either hs-Trop T or h-FABP.     

慢加急性肝衰竭不同转归患者体温变化特点及护理对策

目的:明确慢加急性肝衰竭不同转归患者体温变化特点,并制定相应的护理对策。方法:收集11例慢加急性肝衰竭患者,死亡患者5例,出院患者6例,采用重复测量方差分析比较不同转归患者体温随住院时间的特点。结果:在住院第8天左右,死亡组患者体温升高,与出院患者比较差异有统计学意义(F=17.451,P0.05)。护理对策:要进一步提高护理级别,加强基础护理,严格执行无菌操作,将陪护人员作为预防感染宣教对象。