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1.
The strong tendency of organic nanoparticles to rapidly self‐assemble into highly aligned superlattices at room temperature when solution‐cast from dispersions or spray‐coated directly onto various substrates is described. The nanoparticle dispersions are stable for years. The novel precipitation process used is believed to result in molecular distances and alignments in the nanoparticles that are not normally possible. Functional organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs)—which have the same host–dopant emissive‐material composition—with process‐tunable electroluminescence have been built with these nanoparticles, indicating the presence of novel nanostructures. For example, only changing the conditions of the precipitation process changes the OLED emission from green light to yellow. 相似文献
2.
In this paper, we describe a method for increasing the external efficiency of polymer light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) by coupling out waveguided light with Bragg gratings. We numerically model the waveguide modes in a typical LED structure and demonstrate how optimizing layer thicknesses and reducing waveguide absorption can enhance the grating outcoupling. The gratings were created by a soft‐lithography technique that minimizes changes to the conventional LED structure. Using one‐dimensional and two‐dimensional gratings, we were able to increase the forward‐directed emission by 47 % and 70 %, respectively, and the external quantum efficiency by 15 % and 25 %. 相似文献
3.
B. Ma P.I. Djurovich S. Garon B. Alleyne M.E. Thompson 《Advanced functional materials》2006,16(18):2438-2446
Efficient blue‐, green‐, and red‐light‐emitting organic diodes are fabricated using binuclear platinum complexes as phosphorescent dopants. The series of complexes used here have pyrazolate bridging ligands and the general formula C∧NPt(μ‐pz)2PtC∧N (where C∧N = 2‐(4′,6′‐difluorophenyl)pyridinato‐N,C2′, pz = pyrazole ( 1 ), 3‐methyl‐5‐tert‐butylpyrazole ( 2 ), and 3,5‐bis(tert‐butyl)pyrazole ( 3 )). The Pt–Pt distance in the complexes, which decreases in the order 1 > 2 > 3 , solely determines the electroluminescence color of the organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). Blue OLEDs fabricated using 8 % 1 doped into a 3,5‐bis(N‐carbazolyl)benzene (mCP) host have a quantum efficiency of 4.3 % at 120 Cd m–2, a brightness of 3900 Cd m–2 at 12 V, and Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.11, 0.24). Green and red OLEDs fabricated with 2 and 3 , respectively, also give high quantum efficiencies (~ 6.7 %), with CIE coordinates of (0.31, 0.63) and (0.59, 0.46), respectively. The current‐density–voltage characteristics of devices made using dopants 2 and 3 indicate that hole trapping is enhanced by short Pt–Pt distances (< 3.1 Å). Blue electrophosphorescence is achieved by taking advantage of the binuclear molecular geometry in order to suppress dopant intermolecular interactions. No evidence of low‐energy emission from aggregate states is observed in OLEDs made with 50 % 1 doped into mCP. OLEDs made using 100 % 1 as an emissive layer display red luminescence, which is believed to originate from distorted complexes with compressed Pt–Pt separations located in defect sites within the neat film. White OLEDs are fabricated using 1 and 3 in three different device architectures, either with one or two dopants in dual emissive layers or both dopants in a single emissive layer. All the white OLEDs have high quantum efficiency (~ 5 %) and brightness (~ 600 Cd m–2 at 10 V). 相似文献
4.
文章主要讨论了自动交换光网络(ASON)控制平面的两种不同结构:控制平面在网元外部的结构和控制平面部分集成在网元内部的结构,并对这两种结构进行了比较. 相似文献
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V. F. Ivanov A. A. Nekrasov K. V. Tcheberiako A. V. Vannikov A. S. Posed'ko S. I. Lishik Yu. V. Trofimov 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2003,11(1):11-14
Abstract— An all solid‐state photoelectrochromic element (PECE) was developed on the basis of electrochromic layers of WO3 and polyaniline with a layer of polymer electrolyte placed on a base of polyamidosulfoacid, in which a thin‐film CdSxSe1?x photoresistor was used as an electronic key. The dependence of the sensitometric characteristics of the PECE on the applied voltage was studied. 相似文献
8.
Youngjean Jung Panayiotis Papadopoulos R. O. Ritchie 《International journal for numerical methods in engineering》2004,60(2):429-460
This work concerns the micromechanical constitutive modelling, algorithmic implementation and numerical simulation of polycrystalline superelastic alloys under multiaxial loading. The model is formulated in finite deformations and incorporates the effect of texture. The numerical implementation is based on the constrained minimization of the Helmholtz free energy with dissipation. Simulations are conducted for thin tubes of Nitinol under tension–torsion, as well as for a simplified model of a biomedical stent. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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纳米聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺微凝胶的光引发聚合 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
选择具有温敏性的高分子单体N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(N-isopropylacrylamide,NIPAM)为主单体,N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(methylenebisacrylamide,MBA)为交联剂,运用光引发无皂乳液聚合的方法合成出粒径小于100nm的高分子微凝胶,并研究了在改变体系组成和条件时微凝胶粒径的变化。结果显示,在乳化剂临界胶束浓度以下,随着乳化剂浓度的提高,微凝胶粒子的粒径不断关小且趋向稳定;相比于热引发,产生的微凝胶具有较高的单分散性而且粒径较小。 相似文献