冷却速度和浇注温度对Al-5Ti-C合金细化纯铝凝固组织的影响

采用铝熔体热爆法制备新型Al-5Ti-C合金,并将其用于细化工业纯铝,通过改变凝固冷却速度和熔体浇注温度,研究了Al-5Ti-C合金对纯铝凝固组织的细化规律。结果表明：在相同的冷却速度下,随着Al-5Ti-C合金添加量的增加,纯铝凝固组织中柱状晶逐渐较少,等轴晶逐渐增多;当Al-5Ti-C合金添加量一定时,等轴晶的数量及尺寸大小与熔体的凝固冷却速度和浇注温度密切相关;当Al-5Ti-C合金的质量分数为0.6%及以下时,铝熔体较快的冷却速度和较低的浇注温度有利于铸锭组织中细小等轴晶的形成。     

Ti-C含量对多孔TiC/FeAl复合材料孔型结构和力学性能的影响

以尿素为造孔剂,利用自蔓延高温合成技术制备了多孔TiC/FeAl复合材料,主要考察了Ti-C含量（质量分数为15wt%~35wt%）对多孔TiC/FeAl复合材料孔型结构和压缩性能的影响。当Ti-C含量不高于25wt%时,多孔TiC/FeAl复合材料由毫米孔和孔壁微孔组成规则的复合孔型结构。相互连通的毫米孔产生于尿素颗粒的挥发和液相迁移;微孔尺寸为10~50 μm,产生于Fe-Al-Ti-C粉末的自蔓延过程,孔径随Ti-C含量的增加而增大。通过调整尿素的体积分数,多孔TiC/FeAl复合材料的孔隙率可控制在56.64%~85.35%。当Ti-C含量不高于25wt%时,多孔TiC/FeAl复合材料的抗压强度随Ti-C含量的增加而增大。当Ti-C含量高于25wt%时,多孔TiC/FeAl复合材料壁面微孔形状很不规则,且抗压强度下降。孔隙率约为64.3%时,多孔Fe-Al金属间化合物和TiC/FeAl复合材料（Ti-C含量为25wt%）的抗压强度分别为20.03 MPa和66.68 MPa,对应的应变值分别为4.77%和8.21%。另外,多孔TiC/FeAl复合材料的压缩性能可用Gibson-Ashby模型来解释。     

Study on Grain Refining and Metamorphism of ZL111 Aluminium Alloys

Vacuum sintering and ball milling methods were employed in the preparation process of Ti-C grain refinement and the ability of refiners with varying ratios of Ti and C to refine ZL111 crystal grains was tested. The refinement effect of the Ti-C ratios on tensile strength, elongation percentage, Brinell hardness, pro-eutectoid αAl and the size of the Si phase of ZL111, after modification by rare-earth and strontium nitrate, were studied by means of metallographic examination, SEM and mechanical property tests. The results show that there is an obvious increase in the tensile strength and elongation percentage of refined ZL111 with these new Ti and C refiner compounding powders, while Brinell hardness remained more or less constant. The pro-eutectoid αAl is considerably reduced in size and the Si phase shows a finer and rounder structure. The refiner exhibits a good grain refining performance when the Ti-C ratio is 25：1, for Al crystals can favorably easily form nuclei and grow up along the TiC surface thanks to the TiAl3 generated by surplus Ti and Al. The mechanical properties have clearly been improved by the addition of strontium nitrate to ZL111. The effective factors in the modification of mechanical properties of ZL111 are in order of importance： strontium nitrate, Ti-C ratio and rare earth.     

添加PVB对燃烧合成TiC的影响

采用Ti、C粉末为原料,研究了在Ti-C系中添加PVB对燃烧合成TiC的影响。实验结果表明,在Ti-C系中,未添加PVB得到的主要是呈球形状的较大颗粒的TiC,约为5μm;而添加PVB后则得较细的不规则TiC颗粒,添加w(PVB)为10%的TiC颗粒约为1μm,并探讨了上述燃烧合成TiC的机理。     

晶体表面宏观迹线分析方法及其应用

从晶体表面宏观迹线配置,提出精确确定各各晶系晶体的取向,计算单晶３个相互垂直表面上基体和孪晶中滑移面和孪生面等迹线分布的方法。作为应用实例,精确确定了一种四方点阵结构的Ｔｉ－５６Ａｌ单晶的宏观取向。计算和拟合出试样３个不严格垂直表面的指数及其上全部迹线分布。     

Influence of CH4 Flow Rate on Microstructure and Properties of Ti-C:H Films Deposited by DC Reactive Magnetron Sputtering

Nanocomposite Ti-containing hydrogenated carbon films (Ti-C:H) were prepared using a DC reactive magnetron sputtering system. The relationship between CH₄ flow rate and the film characterization and tribological behaviors in both ambient air and deionized water conditions were investigated. Results showed that the Ti content in the as-deposited Ti-C:H films decreased and the sp³ content increased with an increase in CH₄ flow rate. TiC nanocrystallites can be formed at a relatively low CH₄ flow rate, whereas there was almost no formation of TiC in the amorphous carbon matrix at the highest CH₄ flow rate. The hardness, elastic modulus, and internal stress of the films were decreased firstly and then increased as the CH₄ flow rate increased, whereas their adhesion presented an inversely changing trend. The friction coefficients and wear rates of Ti-C:H films in both ambient air and deionized water conditions decreased with increasing CH₄ flow rate from 8 to 12 sccm and then increased as the CH₄ flow rate continually increased. In particular, the nanocomposite Ti-C:H film deposited with a CH₄ flow rate of 12 sccm could achieve superior combining mechanical properties and low friction and high antiwear behaviors in both ambient air and deionized water conditions, indicating potential applications as a protective and lubricating film for mechanical components.     

Ti-C→DLC梯度复合膜及其摩擦性能

在GCr15轴承钢基体上制备了Ti－C→DLC梯度复合膜．对其深度成分分布、化学结构及其在试验室环境下对GCr15商品钢球的摩擦性能进行了研究．结果表明,在轴承钢基体与DLC膜之间形成了Ti,C成分呈梯度变化的Ti－C过渡层,C和对以TiC态和游离态两种化学状态存在．Ti—C梯度过渡层对摩擦承载能力起着关键性的影响,Ti－C→DLC梯度复合膜具有高的摩擦持久寿命和稳定的低摩擦系数,其摩擦系数约为0．16左右．     

Ti-C纤维金属层压板自由振动试验和数值分析

为研究由钛合金和碳纤维增强复合材料交替铺设而成的Ti-C纤维金属层压板(FMLs)的制备及自由振动,首先,使用有限元分析软件MSC.PATRAN/NASTRAN对不同尺寸Ti-C FMLs的自由振动进行了二维有限元建模计算,确定了尺寸效应对FMLs固有频率的影响;然后,采用电磁激振器和非接触式激光扫描仪进行自由振动试验,比较了数值仿真结果和试验结果;最后,计算了相同尺寸的纯碳纤维复合材料层压板和不同钛合金层压板层数的Ti-C FMLs的固有频率,研究了钛合金层压板层数对FMLs固有频率的影响。结果显示:试件的尺寸越小,固有频率的计算误差越大,即当结构面内尺寸相对于厚度的倍数较小时,模型的计算误差大;数值仿真结果和试验结果总体吻合较好,有限元模型有效;FMLs的固有频率随着钛合金层压板层数的增加而减少。所得结论可为提高Ti-C FMLs自由振动的可设计性提供参考。