在二(2-乙基己基)磷酸钠的微乳液中金属萃合物对水增溶的影响

测算了由二（2－乙基己基）磷酸钠，金属盐（CoSO4,NiSO4,ZnSO4,MgCl2或Cr(NO3)3)水溶液，正辛醇和正辛烷组成的微乳液中正辛醇从连续油相到界面的ΔGo→i^o和水的极限增容量φ'H2O。用金属萃取络合物反胶束的形成及其亲油性解释了金属离子对φ'H2O和ΔGo→i^o的影响。     

NanoSolve--一种包裹亲油性活性物的新技术

说明厂磷脂是天然化妆品成分，指出传统加溶方式的缺点，介绍了一种用磷脂包裹亲油性活性物的新技术、NanoSolve的原理和优点及其在护肤品等领域的应用。     

Polymer/surfactant interaction—Its relevance to detergent systems

The field of polymer/surfactant interaction is reviewed in this work. Results from two investigative methods,viz., dialysis and surface tension, are discussed, illustrating the main behavioral patterns and outlining the principles of the interactions. Next, aspects of the interaction phenomena that appear to have relevance to detergent formulation are presented. These include solution rheology, solubility control and surface conditioning. Lastly, the importance of surface activity of the polymer itself is stressed, culminating in a discussion of the properties of hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymers (“polymeric surfactants”), both alone and in the presence of conventional surfactants. Based on the Samuel Rosen Memorial Award lecture, given at the AOCS Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, April 1993.     

Relationship of structure to properties of surfactants. 16. Linear decyldiphenylether sulfonates

The properties of some well-characterized sodium linear decyldiphenylether (C₁₀DPE)sulfonates have been studied. Among the properties investigated are dynamic and equilibrium surface tension, critical micelle concentration (CMC), area per molecule at the aqueous solution/air interface, wetting time by the Draves technique, foaming by the Ross-Miles method, solubilization, and hydrotropy. The decyldiphenylether moiety appears to be equivalent to a terminally substituted straight alkyl chain of 16 carbon atoms. The trialkyl- and dialkyl-mono-sulfonates have solubilities of < 0.01 g/dm³ in water, but are readily soluble in hexane. The didecyldiphenyl ether disulfonate (DADS) has a very low CMC value (1.0 × 10⁻⁵ mol dm⁻³) in aqueous 0.1 N Na⁺ solution (NaCl), characteristic of surfactants with two hydrophilic and two hydrophobic groups. It also has a much larger area per molecule at the aqueous solution/air interface than the monodecyldiphenyl-ether monosulfonate (MAMS) and a much higher surface tension at the CMC. MAMS has a much lower surface tension at a surface age of 1 second (γ_1s) than either DADS or the monodecyldiphenylether disulfonate (MADS). In agreement with γ_1s and γ_eq values, wetting times increase in the order: MAMS < DADS < MADS and initial foam heights decrease in the order: MAMS > DADS > MADS. Solubilization for three water-insoluble surfactants decreases in the order: DADS > MAMS > MADS, while hydrotropy is most pronounced with the disulfonates.     

聚乙二醇对无机盐的胶束增溶作用及在溶胶配制中的应用*

在有机体系溶胶中掺杂无机盐通常十分困难,原因在于有机溶剂和无机盐之间的不相容性。本文提出一种有效的新方法解决了这一困难。往溶胶中加入聚乙二醇表面活性剂,利用聚乙二醇的胶束增溶作用增大了无机盐在溶胶中的溶解度,从而有利于配制出均匀掺杂的溶胶。表面活性剂的胶束增溶作用对于用溶胶凝胶法合成复合陶瓷具有重要意义,应用前景广阔。     

Dissolution and Solubility Behavior of Fenofibrate in Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Solutions

The solubility of fenofibrate in pH 6.8 McIlvaine buffers containing varying concentrations of sodium lauryl sulfate was determined. The dissolution behavior of fenofibrate was also examined in the same solutions with rotating disk experiments. It was observed that the enhancement in intrinsic dissolution rate was approximately 500-fold and the enhancement in solubility was approximately 2000-fold in a pH 6.8 buffer containing 2% (w/v) sodium lauryl sulfate compared to that in buffer alone. The micellar solubilization equilibrium coefficient (k*) was estimated from the solubility data and found to be 30884 ± 213 L/mol. The diffusivity for the free solute, 7.15 × 10^{? 6} cm²/s, was calculated using Schroeder's additive molal volume estimates and Hayduk-Laurie correlation. The diffusivity of the drug-loaded micelle, estimated from the experimental solubility and dissolution data and the calculated value for free solute diffusivity, was 0.86 × 10^{? 6} cm²/s. Thus, the much lower enhancement in dissolution of fenofibrate compared to its enhancement in solubility in surfactant solutions appears to be consistent with the contribution to the total transport due to enhanced micellar solubilization as well as a large decrease ( ～ 8-fold) in the diffusivity of the drug-loaded micelle.     

无机盐离子对鼠李糖脂增溶多氯联苯的影响研究

探讨了几种具代表性的无机盐离子对鼠李糖脂(RL)增溶2,2’,4,4’-四氯联苯的影响。结果表明,适当增加Na+、Mg2+、Ca2+的浓度对RL增溶2,2’,4,4’CB有显著的促进作用,且Mg2+的促进作用比Na+的大,但当Mg2+浓度大于0.8 mmol/L时,促进作用减弱。当Ca2+浓度超过0.2mmol/L时,RL开始产生沉淀,导致RL对2,2’,4,4’CB的增溶作用逐渐降低。无机阴离子对RL增溶2,2’,4,4’CB的影响很小。     

Solubilization Behavior of Phorbol Esters from Jatropha Oil in Surfactant Micellar Solutions

Phorbol esters (PEs) are important toxic compounds found in Jatropha curcas oil and pressed seeds. These compounds are tumor promoters; thus, their removal prior to further utilization of the pressed seed is important. This work aimed to investigate the solubilization behavior of PEs and Jatropha oil in nonionic [effect of the ethylene oxide number (EON), carbon‐chain length and temperature] and anionic (NaCl addition) surfactant systems. The results reveal that an increase in the EON of the nonionic surfactant molecules, rather than an increase in the carbon‐chain length, enhances PE solubilization. The hydrophile‐lipophile balance (HLB) value was correlated with PE solubilization for nonionic surfactant solutions. The solubilization of PEs decreased slightly with increasing temperature, in contrast to solubilization of the oil. Moreover, the mole fraction of PE solubilized in the micelle decreased with increasing electrolyte concentration in anionic surfactant solutions. The solubilization behavior of PEs in both nonionic and anionic solutions indicates that PE acts more like a polar compound than a nonpolar compound. In addition, the PEs in nonionic micelles are likely located in the palisade region (i.e., between the head group and the first few carbon atoms of the tail), whereas those in anionic micelles are likely near the outer core of the head group. This finding suggests that a nonionic surfactant with a higher EON has a greater potential to extract PE from Jatropha seeds. If an anionic surfactant is combined as co‐surfactant, a small amount of electrolyte should be added to increase PE solubilization.     

阴阳离子表面活性剂复配微乳液增溶性定量分析

利用Winsor相图及最佳增溶参数曲线对比了4种常见阴离子表面活性剂——十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、十二烷基磺酸钠(SLS)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、乙氧基化烷基硫酸钠(AES)微乳液的增溶性能,增溶能力为SDBS>AES>SDS>SLS。选取增溶能力较小的SDS、SLS分别和阳离子表面活性剂十八烷基三甲基氯化铵(OTAC)复配微乳液,当达到最优复配比时,SDS/OTAC、SLS/OTAC体系的最佳增溶参数(SP*)较SDS、SLS体系分别增加了150%、170%,最佳盐度(S*)分别减少了91%和95%。研究还发现,当温度在20~50℃时,SDS/OTAC复配微乳体系的最佳增溶参数略微减小,最佳盐度稍微增加;温度超过50℃后,最佳增溶参数急剧减小,最佳盐度迅速增大。     

阴阳离子表面活性剂复配微乳液增溶性定量分析

摘要：利用Winsor相图及最佳增溶参数曲线对比了四种常见阴离子表面活性剂（十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、十二烷基磺酸钠（SLS）、十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）、乙氧基化烷基硫酸钠（AES））微乳液的增溶性能,增溶能力为SDBS＞AES＞SDS＞SLS。选取增溶能力较小的SDS、SLS分别和阳离子表面活性剂十八烷基三甲基氯化铵(OTAC)复配微乳液,当达到最优复配比时,SDS/OTAC、SLS/OTAC体系的最佳增溶参数（SP*）较SDS、SLS体系分别增加了150%、170%,最佳盐度（S*）分别减少了91%和95%。研究还发现,当温度在20～50℃间变化时,SDS-OTAC复配微乳体系的最佳增溶参数略微减小,最佳盐度稍微增加;温度超过50℃后,最佳增溶参数急剧减小,最佳盐度迅速增大。