N.m.r. study of the ferroelectric phase transition in a 7030mol% copolymer of vinylidene fluoride (VF2) and trifluoroethylene (TrFE)

Nuclear magnetic resonance (n.m.r.) studies of ¹⁹F nuclei in a $\text{70}\text{30}\text{mol}\text{\%}$ random copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene were performed at 9.14 MHz and 20.0 MHz. The free induction decays (FIDs) were analysed in terms of two T₂ components attributed to the amorphous and crystalline portions of the polymer. The changes in crystallinity as well as the effects of the ferroelectric transition were observed during cycles of heating and cooling between 20°C and 140°C. The crystalline component of the FID lengthens by a factor of 2 at 100°C on heating and decreases by this factor at 60°C on cooling, thus exhibiting the thermal hysteresis of this ferroelectric transition. The spin-lattice relaxation was also investigated. From measurements at 9.14 MHz the observed longitudinal relaxation time T₁ appears to be dominated by the dynamics of the amorphous phase and exhibits no anomaly through the phase transition. However, from measurements at 20 MHz, well defined minima of T₁ were observed, which are associated with the ferroelectric transition (especially after repeated annealing of the samples). Results are discussed in terms of the crystalline phase structure, which appears dynamically disordered above the ferroelectric phase transition. An analogy is considered with the plastic phase transitions encountered in molecular crystals.     

A Monadic Semantics for Core Curry

We give a deterministic, big-step operational semantics for the essential core of the Curry language, including higher-order functions, call-by-need evaluation, non-determinism, narrowing, and residuation. The semantics is structured in modular monadic style, and is presented in the form of an executable interpreter written in Haskell. It uses monadic formulations of state, non-determinism, and resumption-based concurrency.     

轴与轴承约束反力的分析

轴与轴承之间的相对运动状态不同,约束反力的表示和分析是不同的。本文分别两种不同的相对运动状态,对轴与轴承的约束反力进行了分析,提出了轴与轴承处于相对滑动状态时约束反力的表示和分析方法。     

基于H.264的自适应可伸缩编码研究

为了更好地适应网络及终端的多样性,本文针对基于H.264的可伸缩编码,提出了一种基于运动区域的自适应可伸缩编码的优化方案.该方案根据基本层的运动信息及编码模式自动提取图像的运动感兴趣区域,并以独立片的形式对其进行时间,空间和质量上的可伸缩编码,实现选择性增强.实验结果表明,该方案不仅能大幅降低编码复杂度,而且使增强层码流集中包含运动区域信息,从而提高运动区域的重建质量及整幅图像的主观质量.     

短流程热轧带钢拉窄问题分析及改进

针对唐钢FTSR短流程热轧产线带钢拉窄问题,根据拉窄发生的位置将其分类为带钢头部拉窄、带钢后半段拉窄和带钢尾部拉窄.对现场张力设定、张力反馈、头部穿带过程及轧机抛钢过程进行了分析,确定了造成带钢拉窄的原因,即带钢头部张力控制偏高,导致带钢头部拉窄;R2和F1之间使用无活套的张力控制,计算的张力并不能真实反映出中间辊道带...     

小型无人飞行器机动过程中航姿互补滤波算法研究

磁惯导系统(MINS)广泛应用于小型无人飞行器的导航控制,能对加速度计、磁强计和陀螺仪等传感器的数据进行融合,得到航向与姿态信息,也被称为航姿参考系统(AHRS)。在频域实现数据融合的互补滤波算法是AHRS中的一种可靠姿态估计方法,具有简捷高效的优点。将基于不同传递函数及各种航姿表示形式的姿态互补滤波归纳为统一的广义互补滤波算法(GCF),分析该类算法中的乘性姿态误差,并引入运动加速度补偿方法,可以改善载体机动状态下的姿态精度。数值仿真及实验结果显示,GCF的滤波效果与无人机常用的卡尔曼滤波算法相当,而处理时间仅为后者的1/20,且GCF具有良好的数值稳定性,配合运动加速度补偿算法可有效消除线加速度对航姿测量的不利影响,尤其适合低成本、小型无人机应用场合。     

Correlation of the dynamics of native human acetylcholinesterase and its inhibited huperzine A counterpart from sub-picoseconds to nanoseconds

It is a long debated question whether catalytic activities of enzymes, which lie on the millisecond timescale, are possibly already reflected in variations in atomic thermal fluctuations on the pico- to nanosecond timescale. To shed light on this puzzle, the enzyme human acetylcholinesterase in its wild-type form and complexed with the inhibitor huperzine A were investigated by various neutron scattering techniques and molecular dynamics simulations. Previous results on elastic neutron scattering at various timescales and simulations suggest that dynamical processes are not affected on average by the presence of the ligand within the considered time ranges between 10 ps and 1 ns. In the work presented here, the focus was laid on quasi-elastic (QENS) and inelastic neutron scattering (INS). These techniques give access to different kinds of individual diffusive motions and to the density of states of collective motions at the sub-picoseconds timescale. Hence, they permit going beyond the first approach of looking at mean square displacements. For both samples, the autocorrelation function was well described by a stretched-exponential function indicating a linkage between the timescales of fast and slow functional relaxation dynamics. The findings of the QENS and INS investigation are discussed in relation to the results of our earlier elastic incoherent neutron scattering and molecular dynamics simulations.     

Generation of motional entangled coherent state in an optomechanical system in the single photon strong coupling regime

The single-photon strong coupling in the deep-resolved sideband of the optomechanical system induces photon blockade (PB) effect. For the PB cavity, an initial mechanical coherent state evolves into superposition of phonon cat states entangled with the cavity Fock states. Measurement of the cavity photon number states produces phonon even and odd cat states. The information leakage effect of two photon states on the fidelity of cat states is calculated, it is shown that for low average phonon number this effect is negligible and decreases by increasing the two photon cavity state. The Lindblad equation is solved numerically to obtain the environmental effects on the fidelity of cat states.     

横场长度伸缩压电陶瓷振子

本文对典型的横场长度伸缩压电陶瓷振子的振动状态进行了分析并得到其等效电路。推导了振子的谐振频率、反谐振频率、等效电路参数与振子材料的介电常数、压电常数、弹性常数之间的关系式。最后讨论了振子的某些特性。     

Motional coherency in chain dynamics of polybutadiene studied by molecular dynamics simulations

Molecular dynamics simulations of 1,4-polybutadiene in bulk amorphous state were performed. Results were compared with the recent neutron spin-echo measurements. To investigate motional coherency the relaxation rates for the collective and self-motions, the collective and self-relaxation rates, were evaluated for the short and long time regimes of the normalized intermediate scattering functions. The scattering vector dependence of the collective relaxation rates estimated for both fast and slow processes indicated a minimum at scattering vector q = 1.5 Å⁻¹, corresponding to the position of a peak in the static structure factor. The self-relaxation rates increased monotonously with q. A phenomenon known as de Gennes narrowing was reproduced well in the simulation and found to be originated from the inter-molecular correlation. The collective relaxation rate evaluated for fast process appeared to modulate around a peak of q = 2.9 Å⁻¹, corresponding to the intra-molecular correlation.