全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6676篇 |
免费 | 655篇 |
国内免费 | 553篇 |
学科分类
工业技术 | 7884篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 31篇 |
2023年 | 261篇 |
2022年 | 246篇 |
2021年 | 333篇 |
2020年 | 323篇 |
2019年 | 319篇 |
2018年 | 274篇 |
2017年 | 317篇 |
2016年 | 276篇 |
2015年 | 273篇 |
2014年 | 338篇 |
2013年 | 341篇 |
2012年 | 401篇 |
2011年 | 535篇 |
2010年 | 355篇 |
2009年 | 403篇 |
2008年 | 348篇 |
2007年 | 425篇 |
2006年 | 349篇 |
2005年 | 253篇 |
2004年 | 247篇 |
2003年 | 184篇 |
2002年 | 203篇 |
2001年 | 133篇 |
2000年 | 132篇 |
1999年 | 77篇 |
1998年 | 79篇 |
1997年 | 66篇 |
1996年 | 44篇 |
1995年 | 43篇 |
1994年 | 52篇 |
1993年 | 46篇 |
1992年 | 35篇 |
1991年 | 35篇 |
1990年 | 28篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有7884条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
In the present work we have studied the effect of Na on the properties of graded Cu(In1−xGax)Se2 (CIGS) layer. Graded CIGS structures were prepared by chemical spray pyrolysis at a substrate temperature of 350 °C on soda lime glass. Sodium chloride is used as a dopant along with metal (Cu/In/Ga) chlorides and n, n-dimethyl selenourea precursors. The addition of Na exhibited better crystallinity with chalcopyrite phase and an improvement in preferential orientation along the (112) plane. Energy dispersive analysis of X-rays (line/point mapping) revealed a graded nature of the film and percentage incorporation of Na (0.86 at%). Raman studies showed that the film without sodium doping consists of mixed phase of chalcopyrite and CuAu ordering. Influence of sodium showed a remarkable decrease in electrical resistivity (0.49–0.087 Ω cm) as well as an increase in carrier concentration (3.0×1018–2.5×1019 cm−3) compared to the un-doped films. As carrier concentration increased after sodium doping, the band gap shifted from 1.32 eV to 1.20 eV. Activation energies for un-doped and Na doped films from modified Arrhenius plot were calculated to be 0.49 eV and 0.20 eV, respectively. Extremely short carrier lifetimes in the CIGS thin films were measured by a novel, non-destructive, noncontact method (transmission modulated photoconductive decay). Minority carrier lifetimes of graded CIGS layers without and with external Na doping are found to be 3.0 and 5.6 ns, respectively. 相似文献
3.
Leszek Markowski 《Vacuum》2004,74(2):247-251
In the time-of-flight spectrum of positive ions produced by electron bombardment of NaCl surface a delayed signal of Na+ is detected. This observation is attributed to production of core-excited autoionizing metastable Na** atoms which have their characteristic lifetimes in the 100 ns range. Moreover, it is noticed that the populations of the various metastable Na** states depend on the NaCl layer thickness. The lifetimes of some quartet metastable Na** states have been determined as well. 相似文献
4.
单轴-平面W型复合锶铁氧体的制备及其吸波特性研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用草酸盐共沉淀和微量掺杂法研制六角晶系W型Ni,Zn,Co,Al多元复合锶铁氧体,通过调节Ni2W同Co2W的摩尔比例,可使该种铁氧体易磁化方向从C单轴型向垂于C轴的平面型转化,控制置换锶铁氧体中部分Fe3 的微量掺杂Al3 ,可以调整4πMs值,提高磁晶各向异性场,测试分析了5种不同含Co量的W型复合锶铁氧体粉料涂层的吸波特性,发现其自然共振吸收峰随Co含量增加向低频方向偏移,最高吸收峰可达32.8dB,是适用于电子隐形技术的高品位的微波吸收剂。 相似文献
5.
6.
ZnO压敏陶瓷最佳掺杂含量的理论计算 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
从对电子薄膜材料研究中得到的最佳掺杂含量定量理论推广到ZnO陶瓷材料。该理论建立了电子薄膜材料的某一物理性能与晶体结构、制备方法和掺杂剂含量之间的联系,给出了一个能够拟合实验曲线的具有确定物理意义的抛物线方程。该方程的极值点确定了最佳掺杂含量与晶体结构和制备方法之间的定量关系,进而得到了一个掺杂最佳含量的表达式。系统地分析了ZnO压敏陶瓷的掺杂改性的实验结果,应用此表达式定量计算了ZnO压敏陶瓷的最佳掺杂含量,定量计算的结果与实验数据相符合。该理论也适用于其他薄膜材料最佳掺杂含量的理论计算。 相似文献
7.
8.
Metin Kul Muhsin Zor Ahmet Senol Aybek Sinan Irmak Evren Turan 《Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells》2007,91(10):882-887
The CdO:F samples have been deposited onto microscope glass substrates at 250 °C by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method. With the incorporation of fluorine into CdO, the direct optical transition has shifted towards the shorter wavelengths, and the transparency of the material has increased at a given wavelength above the fundamental absorption edge. The shift in the absorption edge is explained by means of the Moss–Burstein effect, which is also supported with the results of the current–voltage characteristics. Here, a correlation has been established between the band broadening and the increase in conductivity due to the increase in carrier density. 相似文献
9.
Magnesiumandmagnesiumalloyshavebeenin vestigatedashydrogenstoragematerialsforseveralde cadesbecausefarmorehydrogenbyweightcanbestoredinthemthaninmostoftheothercurrentlyknownhydrogenstoragealloys .Moreover ,thehighnaturalabundanceofMg ,itslightmassandenviron mentalcompatibilitypotentiallymakemagnesiumoneofthemostprospectivecandidatesforfuturehydrogenstoragematerials .Unfortunately ,thepracticalappli cationofMganditsalloyshasbeenlimitedonlytocertainstoragedevicebecauseoftheirpoorhydriding dehydr… 相似文献
10.
Alleviation Effect of Lanthanum on Cadmium Stress in Seedling Hydroponic Culture of Kidney Bean and Corn 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Since1970s,rare earths(RE)have been exten-sively used as micro-fertilizers for crops in China.Ithas already been proved that REcani mprove the pro-duction and quality of crops.However,there havebeen a fewinvestigations about using RE as regulatorin pollution ecology.For example,An et al[1]studiedthe effects of O3on wheat growth and the protectiveeffect of RE.Yan and Zhou et al[2,3]discussed theprotective effect of RE on plants under acid rainstress.Jia et al[4]and Hu et al[5]reported th… 相似文献