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乙烯齐聚催化剂研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
乙烯齐聚是合成直链低碳α-烯烃最先进的方法,直链低碳α-烯烃可用于生产低密度聚乙烯和高密度聚乙烯等多种精细化学品。本文综述了乙烯齐聚催化体系的研究进展,重点介绍了镍、锆、钛催化剂的组成以及反应时间、反应温度、溶剂、助催化剂等因素对乙烯齐聚活性和选择性的影响,并讨论了典型镍的催化机理。 相似文献
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Starting from a microscopic Hamiltonian defined on a semi-infinite cubic lattice, and employing a mean-field approximation, the surface parameters relevant for wetting in confined ternary mixtures are derived. These are found in terms of the microscopic coupling constants, and yield a physical interpretation of their origins. In comparison with the standard expression for the surface free-energy density, several new terms arising from the derivation are identified. The influence of the surface parameters on a predicted unbinding transition in a mixture of oil, water, and amphiphile demonstrate that existing results are robust to the addition of the extra surface terms. 相似文献
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郑宁 《浙江纺织服装职业技术学院学报》2003,2(2):6-7
本文在明确冷暖感、湿冷感、接触湿冷感等概念的基础上,分析了在冬季着装状态下,人体热量、水汽 散失的途径和人体产生冷感的原因。 相似文献
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Maykel Cruz-Monteagudo Cristian Robert Munteanu Fernanda Borges Eugenio Uriarte Humberto González-Díaz 《Polymer》2008,49(25):5575-5587
The Quantitative Structure-Property Relationships (QSPRs) based on Graph or Network Theory are important for predicting the properties of polymeric systems. In the three previous papers of this series (Polymer 45 (2004) 3845-3853; Polymer 46 (2005) 2791-2798; and Polymer 46 (2005) 6461-6473) we focused on the uses of molecular graph parameters called topological indices (TIs) to link the structure of polymers with their biological properties. However, there has been little effort to extend these TIs to the study of complex mixtures of artificial polymers or biopolymers such as nucleic acids and proteins. In this sense, Blood Proteome (BP) is one of the most important and complex mixtures containing protein polymers. For instance, outcomes obtained by Mass Spectrometry (MS) analysis of BP are very useful for the early detection of diseases and drug-induced toxicities. Here, we use two Spiral and Star Network representations of the MS outcomes and defined a new type of TIs. The new TIs introduced here are the spectral moments (πk) of the stochastic matrix associated to the Spiral graph and describe non-linear relationships between the different regions of the MS characteristic of BP. We used the MARCH-INSIDE approach to calculate the πk(SN) of different BP samples and S2SNet to determine several Star graph TIs. In the second step, we develop the corresponding Quantitative Proteome-Property Relationship (QPPR) models using the Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). QPPRs are the analogues of QSPRs in the case of complex biopolymer mixtures. Specifically, the new QPPRs derived here may be used to detect drug-induced cardiac toxicities from BP samples. Different Machine Learning classification algorithms were used to fit the QPPRs based on πk(SN), showing J48 decision tree classifier to have the best performance. These results suggest that the present approach captures important features of the complex biopolymers mixtures and opens new opportunities to the application of the idea supporting classic QSPRs in polymer sciences. 相似文献
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The breakdown processes of oil films under quasi-static loading have been investigated by using a newly developed steel-oil-mercury system. The relationship between the thickness and breakdown ratio of a hexadecane film is represented by a single master curve independently of the indentation speed, indentation load, and temperature. The master curve shows that the breakdown process of hexadecane includes two stages; one is the decrement of the thickness without breakdown and the other is the decrement of the thickness with a drastic progress of breakdown. By solving a small amount of fatty acid in hexadecane, the thickness increases and the breakdown ratio decreases noticeably; a multilayer residual film supporting normal load is formed between two metal surfaces. Experiments at different temperatures reveal a negative relationship between the temperature and thickness of residual film, which indicates that the residual film is organized by physical interaction rather than chemical interaction. At least under a lower concentration, the residual film appears to consist of not only fatty acid molecules but also hexadecane molecules. 相似文献