Modelling of Ejecta as a Space Debris Source

When a micro-debris or a micrometeoroid impacts a spacecraft surface, a large number of secondary particles, called ejecta, are produced. These particles can contribute to a modification of the debris environment: either locally by the occurrence of secondary impacts on the components of complex and large space structures, or at great distance by the formation of a population of small orbital debris. This paper describes firstly, the ejecta overall production, and secondly, the lifetime and the orbital evolution of the particles. Finally the repartition of ejecta in LEO is computed. Some results describing the population as a function of size and altitude are presented.     

正交射流煤粉燃烧器冷态流场的数值计算

本文采用ｋ－ε双方程湍流模型对正交射流煤粉燃烧器出口三维湍回流流动进行了数值研究，得到了副射流与主流速度比为２。５时的正交射流尾迹流场持速度分布、回流特性，并比较了不同速度比时的流场计算结果。计算结果与实测数据符合较好，所得结论对分析正交流燃烧器的稳燃机理具有一定作用。     

运载火箭飞行测量数据误差分析的小波方法

以提高火箭飞行跟踪测量数据处理精度为目的。结合弹道处理的实际，将小波理论运用于火箭弹道测最数据的分析。本文首先针对火箭飞行弹道测量数据的特征，应用小波理论建立了弹道测量数据事后误差分析处理方法的杠架模型，创建了雷达测量数据诸元的多项式和B样条时序分析模型，提出并验证了雷达测量数据的随机分布模型；其次，对受到噪声干扰时间段数据模型出现严重病态的情况，建立了基于多项式拟合和B样条函数选取有限时间段拟合的火箭弹道建模和预测的二次建模方法；最后，利用所提出的分析处理方法对某次任务两个测量站雷达弹道测量数据的分析，处理效果显著，精度理想。实验验证了上述方法是一种理想的弹道测量数据事后误差分析处理方法。     

砂布轮柔性抛光力的建模与参数优化

砂布轮柔性较大可以实现航空发动机叶片微面切触自适应抛光,提高叶片表面完整性和力学性能。抛光力是影响抛光表面完整性的关键参数,通过单因素试验分析确定了砂布轮抛光力的影响参数及其影响规律,通过正交试验和极差法确定了影响抛光力的主要参数是砂布轮的压缩量和转速;利用二元二次回归正交试验得出了抛光力的预测模型,利用该模型分析了抛光力预测误差变化趋势,明确了不同转速下抛光力主要影响参数的稳定域;整体叶盘的抛光试验表明：通过合理控制抛光力,可以实现表面粗糙度小于0.4 μm的抛光效果,且效率比人工提高20%。     

A new global version of M(3000)F2 prediction model based on artificial neural networks

A new version of global empirical model for the ionospheric propagation factor, M(3000)F2 prediction is presented. Artificial neural network (ANN) technique was employed by considering the relevant geophysical input parameters which are known to influence the M(3000)F2 parameter. This new version is an update to the previous neural network based M(3000)F2 global model developed by Oyeyemi et al. (2007), and aims to address the inadequacy of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) M(3000)F2 model (the International Radio Consultative Committee (CCIR) M(3000)F2 model). The M(3000)F2 has been found to be relatively inaccurate in representing the diurnal structure of the low latitude region and the equatorial ionosphere. In particular, the existing hmF2 IRI model is unable to reproduce the sharp post-sunset drop in M(3000)F2 values, which correspond to a sharp post-sunset peak in the peak height of the F2 layer, hmF2. Data from 80 ionospheric stations globally, including a good number of stations in the low latitude region were considered for this work. M(3000)F2 hourly values from 1987 to 2008, spanning all periods of low and high solar activity were used for model development and verification process. The ability of the new model to predict the M(3000)F2 parameter especially in the low latitude and equatorial regions, which is known to be problematic for the existing IRI model is demonstrated.     

卫星设计过程信息分析的方法研究

在综合分析现有卫星设计信息分析技术的基础上,将总体数据规划的思想引入卫星设计过程的信息分析,提出了一种利用信息工程论下的总体数据规划和并行工程下的设计结构矩阵相结合的技术进行卫星设计信息分析的新方法。深入讨论了从任务分析着手构建数据模型的思想,研究了设计结构矩阵的分解和撕裂算法,并以卫星总体设计方案阶段为例,具体说明在这种方法指导下,如何实现卫星设计的信息分析。     

Vertical motions in Thailand after the 2004 Sumatra–Andaman Earthquake from GPS observations and its geophysical modelling

Following previous findings from ongoing GPS research in Thailand since 2004 we continue to exploit the GPS technique to monitor and model land motions induced by the Sumatra–Andaman Earthquake. Our latest results show that up to the end of 2010, Thailand has been co-seismically displaced and is subsequently undergoing a post-seismic horizontal deformation with total displacements (co-seismic plus post-seismic) ranging from 10.5 to 74.7 cm. We observed the largest horizontal displacements in the southern part of Thailand and moderate and small displacements in the central and northern parts. In addition to horizontal displacements throughout Thailand, continuous GPS measurements show that large parts of Thailand are subsiding at rates up to 1 cm/yr. It is the first time that such vertical post-seismic deformations at large distances (650–1500 km away from the Earthquake’s epicentre) have been recorded. We have investigated the physical processes leading to the observed subsidence. While after-slip on the subduction interface induces negligible or even slightly positive vertical motions, relaxation in the asthenosphere is associated with a sizable subsidence. Predictions from a 3D finite element model feature an asthenosphere with an effective viscosity of the order of 3 * 10¹⁸ Pas, fit the horizontal post-seismic data and the observed subsidence well. This model is then used to predict the subsidence over the whole seismic cycle. The subsidence should go on with a diminishing rate through the next two decades and its final magnitude should not exceed 10 cm in the Bangkok area.     

Inverse identification of constitutive parameters of Ti2AlNb intermetallic alloys based on cooperative particle swarm optimization

Ti₂AlNb intermetallic alloy is a relatively newly developed high-temperature-resistant structural material, which is expected to replace nickel-based super alloys for thermally and mechanically stressed components in aeronautic and automotive engines due to its excellent mechanical properties and high strength retention at elevated temperature. The aim of this work is to present a fast and reliable methodology of inverse identification of constitutive model parameters directly from cutting experiments. FE-machining simulations implemented with a modified Johnson-Cook (TANH) constitutive model are performed to establish the robust link between observables and constitutive parameters. A series of orthogonal cutting experiments with varied cutting parameters is carried out to allow an exact comparison to the 2D FE-simulations. A cooperative particle swarm optimization algorithm is developed and implemented into the Matlab programs to identify the enormous constitutive parameters. Results show that the simulation observables (i.e., cutting forces, chip morphologies, cutting temperature) implemented with the identified optimal material constants have high consistency with those obtained from experiments, which illustrates that the FE-machining models using the identified parameters obtained from the proposed methodology could be predicted in a close agreement to the experiments. Considering the wide range of the applied unknown parameters number, the proposed inverse methodology of identifying constitutive equations shows excellent prospect, and it can be used for other newly developed metal materials.     

Science rational for MIERS/IRI collaboration

In this paper, we will shortly highlight some of the aspects that COST Action 296 on Mitigation of Ionospheric Effects on Radio Systems (MIERS) and International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) have in common in an attempt to define science rationale for collaboration between these two international projects.     

三阶时变离散系统的一致渐近稳定性

特征建模的方法为智能控制器设计和一些高阶对象进行低阶控制器设计提供了理论依据，特别是为大型空间挠性航天器的控制提供了一种有效的途径。但是，对于阶次和参数未知的高阶线性定常系统基于特征模型设计的自适应控制方案，其稳定性问题尚未完全解决，这一问题实际上归结为时变离散系统的稳定性问题。对于位置保持或位置跟踪控制，基于特征模型设计的自适应控制方案其稳定性问题即为三阶时变离散系统的稳定性问题，利用Lyapunov直接方法定量地给出了三阶线性时变离散系统和一类非线性三阶时变离散系统一致渐近稳定的判据，从而为基于特征建模设计适当的控制律以满足稳定性的要求提供了理论依据。