Word length and lexical activation: Longer is better.

Many models of spoken word recognition posit the existence of lexical and sublexical representations, with excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms used to affect the activation levels of such representations. Bottom-up evidence provides excitatory input, and inhibition from phonetically similar representations leads to lexical competition. In such a system, long words should produce stronger lexical activation than short words, for 2 reasons: Long words provide more bottom-up evidence than short words, and short words are subject to greater inhibition due to the existence of more similar words. Four experiments provide evidence for this view. In addition, reaction-time-based partitioning of the data shows that long words generate greater activation that is available both earlier and for a longer time than is the case for short words. As a result, lexical influences on phoneme identification are extremely robust for long words but are quite fragile and condition-dependent for short words. Models of word recognition must consider words of all lengths to capture the true dynamics of lexical activation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

笼形团簇材料

近年来,在原子、分子和凝聚态两层次之间出现了原子团簇这一重要的学科领域。本文介绍了笼形团簇材料的国内外最新研究进展,分析了笼形团簇材料的研究现状,并对其未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

用于提高国产氩离子激光器相干长度的相干扩展器

本文报导了最近研制成功的用于提高国产氩离子激光器相干长度的相干扩展器。利用这种基于F-P理论的相干扩展器可以使国产氩离子激光器的相干长度由不足5cm一下提高到m的量级,功率损耗在25%～40%之间,有着很好的应用前景。     

A Novel Segmentation and Feedback Model for Resolving Contention in Optical Burst Switching

A novel segmentation and feedback model (SFM) applied to resolve contention is proposed. Simulation and performance analyses show that the SFM effectively avoids contentions in optical burst switching (OBS). The long delay time of deflection routing and the immature technology of wavelength converters and optical buffers are not deployed in the SFM. The SFM does not only realize fast switching but also allows preemption by higher priority bursts.     

低掺杂浓度Nd:YVO4激光器的输出特性研究

在对Nd:YVO_4晶体的掺杂浓度和晶体长度对激光器性能的影响进行了分析后,报道了利用掺杂浓度为0.3at％,通光长度为10mm的Nd:YVO_4晶体作为增益介质,带光纤耦合的激光二极管端面抽运的Nd:YVO_4激光器。在抽运功率为27.365W时,获得了14.85W的TEM_(00)模输出,光一光转换效率为60.49％,斜效率达64.5％。     

全新设计的光缆钢丝铠装高速成缆机

主要介绍新型光缆钢丝铠装高速成缆机的总体设计、布局、参数、结构特点。     

挖掘机工作装置实验样本长度确定方法及程序系统

本文通过对某液压挖掘机工作装置实验样本长度的研究,详细讨论了样本长度的确定方法,重点分析了趋势曲线拟合法,提出了样本长度精度区间分析的方法,并在处理大量实验数据的基础上,从载荷分布及寿命估算的角度做了实际的验证.编制了应用程序,使样本长度确定至寿命估算整个过程程序化.     

Construction of transmission lines above valuable standing timber

Problems with the construction of transmission lines above a forest are examined. Construction of lines above standing timber makes it possible to shorten the length of the route, eliminate the clearing of a continuous swath along the line, and reduce the volume of in-service work. To implement this solution, it is necessary to introduce changes and supplements to existing regulatory technical documents. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 10, October 2007, pp. 48–51.     

Alternating,all-trans polyenynes: Model compounds for poly(diacetylene)s with defined conjugation length

The syntheses of polyenynes as model compounds for poly(diacetylene)s (PDAs) are described. Variation of properties (UV–VIS, Raman, NMR and bond geometries) as a function of the chain length was investigated. After extrapolation to infinite chain length these data were compared to those for PDAs. From UV–VIS spectra a value of λ = 551 nm (2.25 eV) was calculated corresponding to the electronic transition of a single polyenyne chain. This energy is located at the low energy end of a yellow PDA solution spectrum. From Raman scattering v_(C?C) = 2108–2128 cm^?1 and v_(C?C) = 1505–1532 cm^?1 were calculated after extrapolation. Similarly sp-C¹³C NMR data yielded a shift of δ = 100 ppm. These data are almost identical to data known for yellow PDA solutions. Bond geometries are almost identical to those of poly(diacetylene)s and theoretical data.