全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2362篇 |
免费 | 171篇 |
国内免费 | 224篇 |
学科分类
工业技术 | 2757篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 8篇 |
2023年 | 50篇 |
2022年 | 72篇 |
2021年 | 93篇 |
2020年 | 102篇 |
2019年 | 72篇 |
2018年 | 53篇 |
2017年 | 83篇 |
2016年 | 79篇 |
2015年 | 80篇 |
2014年 | 131篇 |
2013年 | 158篇 |
2012年 | 154篇 |
2011年 | 186篇 |
2010年 | 144篇 |
2009年 | 129篇 |
2008年 | 79篇 |
2007年 | 121篇 |
2006年 | 104篇 |
2005年 | 108篇 |
2004年 | 98篇 |
2003年 | 91篇 |
2002年 | 87篇 |
2001年 | 56篇 |
2000年 | 45篇 |
1999年 | 41篇 |
1998年 | 38篇 |
1997年 | 33篇 |
1996年 | 27篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 22篇 |
1993年 | 30篇 |
1992年 | 35篇 |
1991年 | 20篇 |
1990年 | 27篇 |
1989年 | 26篇 |
1988年 | 20篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1961年 | 1篇 |
1958年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2757条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Timo M. Kauppinen 《Journal of Housing and the Built Environment》2002,17(2):173-197
Finland has experienced a rapid increase inimmigration since the beginning of the 1990s.Almost half of the foreign population isconcentrated in the metropolitan area of thecapital, Helsinki. The development andexplanations of their settlement patterns havenot yet been thoroughly studied. It ishypothesised in this study that social housingcan explain the settlement patterns. Indices ofdissimilarity were calculated to study thelevel and development of spatial segregation ofimmigrant groups in the Helsinki metropolitanarea in 1995–99, and the association betweenthe settlement patterns of immigrants andsocial housing was studied by regressionanalysis. Neighbourhood-level data were used.The results indicate that the Helsinkimetropolitan area has avoided extreme ethnicsegregation so far and that segregation isdecreasing. Especially immigrants from poorcountries are clearly associated with socialhousing in their settlement patterns, evenafter adjustment for socio-economic anddemographic differentiation. Also newconstruction of social housing seems to haveaffected the spatial distribution of thisgroup. Despite this dependence, the group isnot extremely segregated, which is probablybecause the social housing sector is nottotally marginalised. 相似文献
2.
高温和低张应力引起的非平衡晶界偏聚动力学(Ⅱ)--实验结果的动力学模拟 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
以文献[1]建立的张应力引起的非平衡晶界偏聚动力学方程模拟了Shinoda T等的磷在钢中的应力时效实验结果和Misra R D K的硫在钢中的应力时效实验结果,模拟结果与实验结果互相吻合。通过模拟发现,张应力使磷-空位复合体以及硫-空位复合体在钢中的扩散系数均增加3个数量级,且磷原子和硫原子的扩散系数分别降低3个和5个数量级。 相似文献
3.
This paper is a summary of an extensive research program carried out by the authors on the structure of rapidly solidified aluminum alloys; and a comparison with the work of others also involved in this field. The paper discusses the changes in the dendritic and non-dendritic structure of the matrix at cooling rates from 10–3 to 1010 K/s and discusses the hetergeneity of the structure caused by interdendritic-segretion during solidification. 相似文献
4.
5.
W. Ming F. Melis R. D. van de Grampel L. van Ravenstein M. Tian R. van der Linde 《Progress in Organic Coatings》2003,48(2-4):316-321
Self-stratification strategy can be used to prepare films in which both bulk and surface properties can be optimized. By using this approach, only a very small quantity of fluorinated species is needed to generate a surface with low surface energy. When cross-linking is involved during film formation, we are dealing with a competition behavior between the diffusion of fluorinated species and the formation of cross-linked network. In this study low surface energy polymeric films were prepared on the basis of partially fluorinated polyisocyanates, in combination with hydroxyl-end-capped three-armed solventless liquid oligoesters and modified hyperbranched polyesters. At a fluorine concentration of only 0.5 wt.%, contact angles of water and hexadecane can reach 120° and 80°, respectively. A surface energy as low as 10–15 mN/m can be obtained upon the addition of less than 1 wt.% of fluorine in the films. It was shown, from real time ATR-FTIR and contact angle measurements, that the curing temperatures demonstrated significant effects on the cross-linking rate as well as on the wettability of the films. 相似文献
6.
B~(10)(n,α)Li~7裂变反应的径迹显微照相技术被用来研究含硼Fe-30%Ni合金高温热变形再结晶过程中硼在晶界上的偏聚行为,实验表明,含硼Fe-30%Ni合金1000℃热变形20%再结晶过程中,运动晶界前方发生硼偏聚而后方发生贫硼现象,而在静止晶界上看不到硼偏聚,随着再结晶新晶粒的长大,运动晶界上的硼偏聚变弱。本文提出,可以用晶界对溶质原子热运动散射的量子理论来解释溶质原子在运动晶界上的偏聚现象。 相似文献
7.
含RE铝阳极中析出相的电化学行为研究 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:5
用电子探针和能谱分析技术,观察了Al-5Zn-0.05In-0.1Sn-1Mg-0.3RE阳极中主要析出相的成分,并熔炼了析出相合金.电位测量和腐蚀后铝阳极表面的电子探针面扫描分析表明:富Sn相为阳极相,富Fe相、富RE相为阴极相;Fe相是铝阳极自腐蚀微电池中的主要阴极相,温度对析出相的电化学行为有影响. 相似文献
8.
9.
高硅奥氏体不锈钢由于高含量硅元素的加入使其具有优异的耐高温腐蚀性能和较低的成本,在制酸行业有着潜在的应用价值。然而,该合金中高含量硅元素的加入会促进凝固过程中溶质再分配,进而造成显著的元素偏析,最终导致合金内部产生枝晶组织和大量的有害相。对铸锭组织进行均匀化处理能够有效消除枝晶与元素偏析,促进析出相回溶和枝晶消融,从而改善材料的热塑性,有效应对热变形开裂问题。因此,采用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜能谱分析(SEM/EDS)、电子探针(EPMA)、JMatPro软件计算等方法,研究了实验室条件下制备的5%Si高硅奥氏体不锈钢铸锭的显微组织和元素分布状态,通过残余偏析指数、扩散动力学计算并结合均匀化处理试验验证,最终确定了5%Si高硅奥氏体不锈钢合理的均匀化处理工艺。结果表明,5%Si高硅奥氏体不锈钢凝固过程中钼元素偏析最为严重,通过残余偏析指数模型计算得到的均匀化动力学方程可用来指导该成分合金的均匀化处理工艺;5%Si高硅奥氏体不锈钢经过1 150 ℃×12 h均匀化处理后,铸锭内枝晶消融,元素偏析基本消除,析出相与铁素体回溶到基体中,合金转变为全奥氏体组织,热塑性得到改善;当加热温度达到1 250 ℃时,合金出现过烧现象,晶界开始熔化。 相似文献
10.
N. Souami D. Saidi M. Negache A. Ati 《Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance》2003,12(6):715-720
Martensitic 12% chromium stainless steel is generally used for the manufacture of water vapour turbine blades. This material,
under these environmental conditions, develops fatigue corrosion with failure as a result of the segregation of certain constituent
elements such as phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S),[1–3] or the presence of some types of inclusions.[2–4] To be able to understand and explain these phenomena, in situ characterization of the fractured surfaces were performed for
two types of samples: steel 1 as manufactured turbine material whose fracture mode is intergranular and steel 2 issued from
last stage turbine blades after 100 000 h service at 40 °C whose fracture mode is transgranular. The techniques used for characterization
were scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with the x-ray analysis by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and auger
electron spectroscopy (AES). The Auger results enabled the understanding of the brittle to ductile transition for the material
by showing the simultaneous diffusion of carbon from grain boundaries (GB) to grains (G) and chromium from G to GB. Furthermore,
the heavy segregation of phosphorus at the GBs could explain the intergranular crack rupture traces observed in steel 2. SEM
observations coupled with EDS analysis showed the presence of different types of non-metallic inclusions such as silicon-based
complex inclusions and manganese sulfides (MnS). The presence of silicon-based complex inclusions at GB could explain the
intergranular fracture mode previously reported. The characterization of the fracture appearance suggests also that MnS inclusions
can act as nucleation sites for secondary microcracks at the GB level that were observed after service. 相似文献