从病理学看绿色瘤(附细胞学,病理学、影像学图)

目的 　针对绿色瘤诊断的难点 ,提出我们的看法 ,并提出相应的对策。 方法　复习绿色瘤诊断的前人经验 ,搜集我院对该病的诊断体会。 结果 　临床及影像学诊断仅作为协诊 ,血液细胞学及病理免疫组化可确诊。 结论 　提出用肿瘤穿刺物印片或涂片做POX染色或MPO染色 ,如果肿瘤细胞出现POX染色或MPO染色阳性 ,表示其具有粒细胞特征 ,就应该考虑绿色瘤的可能。     

足部骨筋膜室综合征早期诊断与治疗

目的:探讨足部骨筋膜室综合征早期诊断与治疗结果。方法:1998年1月-2003年12月收治15例足骨筋膜室综合征患者(均为男性:年龄15～55岁,平均32岁),行足背双切口减压4例,足底内侧减压9例,足内外两侧减压2例。1周后行减张缝合或植皮术。结果:15例随访9～24个月,12例恢复佳,足运动感觉正常;2例有足底感觉减退、足趾麻木;1例遗留前足挛缩、无力,足趾麻木。无爪形趾及功能障碍者。结论:足损伤后,Whiteside法测定组织间隙压力是诊断足骨筋膜室综合征的可靠方法。治疗时足部如有骨折、血肿者,骨筋膜室减张切口,宜选择足底内侧切开效果较好。     

单克隆IgH基因重排检测在B-NHL诊断和随访中的意义

目的　评价单克隆IgH基因重排检测在恶性淋巴瘤 (B NHL)临床中的应用价值。方法　用半巢式PCR检测单克隆IgH基因重排。病例组为B NHL ,包括 6 9例石蜡包埋组织切片、治疗前 16例骨髓和 2 9例外周血、阳性者治疗后复查骨髓和外周血 ;对照组为 10例慢性淋巴结炎、3例T NHL和 2例HD。结果　对照组均阴性。病例组 :切片中单克隆IgH基因重排阳性率为 6 3.8% (44 / 6 9) ;骨髓和外周血阳性率分别为 43 .8%(7/ 16 )和 41.4% (12 / 2 9) ,细胞形态学检查未见异常细胞者阳性率分别为 33 .3% (3/ 9)和 31.3% (5 / 16 )。 16例同时采集骨髓和外周血者 ,阳性率分别为 43 .8% (7/ 16 )和 37.5 % (6 / 16 ) ,两者无统计学差异。治疗前单克隆IgH重排阳性者 ,6例完全缓解 (CR)后转阴 ,处于持续缓解状态 ,1例临床缓解后 13个月仍阳性 ,现在继续随访中 ,另 1例CR后持续阳性者 ,6个月后复发。结论　切片、骨髓和外周血中检测单克隆IgH基因重排可以作为B NHL诊断和随访微小残留病灶的辅助手段     

18F-FDG与18F-FLT PET/CT延迟显像对肺结节诊断效能的评价

目的 通过对多中心、前瞻性研究中接受了18F-脱氧葡萄糖(FDG)与18F-脱氧胸腺嘧啶核苷(FLT)延迟显像病例的分析,探讨18F-FDG与18F-FLT延迟显像对肺结节诊断的效能.方法 6个PET/CT中心,从2006年1月至2007年6月,按照统一标准,采用同机型、同一扫描条件,开展了肺结节样病变18F-FLT和18F-FDG PET/CT显像的多中心临床研究.在经确诊的55例病例中,25例患者进行了18F-FLT显像和延迟显像,34例患者进行了18F-FDG延迟显像.按常规计算延迟显像时病灶最大标准摄取值(SUVmax)及与早期显像时SUVmax相比的变化率(△SUVmax).对照临床确诊结果分析其诊断效能.采用SPSS11.0软件进行统计学处理.结果 18F-FDG延迟显像患者中,6例肺癌中5例、12例结核中9例、16例炎症或其他良性结节中9例的SUVmax较早期相升高.18F-FLT延迟显像组中,7例肺癌中3例、8例结核中3例和10例其他良性病灶中2例的SUVmax上升.经分组统计分析,不同疾病组间18F-FDG延迟显像SUVmax和△SUVmax差异无统计学意义;18F-FLT延迟显像SUVmax和△SUVmax组间差异也无统计学意义.无论18F-FDG还是18F-FLT,延迟显像的诊断效能均不如早期相.无论早期还是延迟显像,单独18F-FDG或18F-FLT显像的诊断效能均不如二者联合应用.结论 18F-FDG和18F-FLT延迟显像的SUVmax变化规律性不强,不宜单独应用于肺结节的鉴别诊断.     

Correspondence analysis as a screening method for indicants for clinical diagnosis

In clinical diagnosis, a patient's symptoms are observed and the probabilities of various diseases are assessed. A widely used method of formalizing this approach is independent Bayes in which symptoms are assumed to be independent conditional on the disease category. Correspondence analysis provides a method for examining the dependence between symptoms and assists in the selection of a reduced set of symptoms for the application of the independent Bayes method. This approach is illustrated on two data sets concerned with patients attending Accident and Emergency departments with chest pain and acute abdominal pain, respectively.     

32例异位妊娠的临床诊断与治疗分析

目的探讨异位妊娠的诊断和治疗方法。方法对32例来本院就诊的异位妊娠患者进行回顾性分析。结果异位妊娠患者超声下表现多样，32例中保守治疗成功率96．9％。1例改行手术成功。结论异位妊娠的症状变化多样，病情凶险，应早期诊断，积极治疗。     

A prospective study of Toxoplasma-positive pregnant women in southern Brazil: a health alert

We evaluated anti-Toxoplasma gondii IgM-reactive pregnant women seen at a high-risk pregnancy outpatient clinic. From March 2005 to January 2008 in Paraná, Brazil, pregnant women seen by the Brazilian Public Health System, in any gestational period, who were anti-T. gondii IgM-positive, were followed. Clinical symptoms were noted, and tests performed including IgA, IgG avidity, ultrasonogram, and amniocentesis (PCR/inoculation in mice). Of 75 patients, 8 showed low, 3 intermediate and 31 high IgG avidity. Of those who underwent the avidity test, 31 (70.5%) were in the second trimester of pregnancy. Thirty-two (42.7%) pregnant women received specific treatment. Six received triple combination treatment; in three, tachyzoites were isolated, although only one was PCR-positive, showing changes in the cerebral sonogram, borderline IgA, and the Sabin tetrad. One fetus died, and one non-reactive IgM pregnant woman showed ocular recurrence. The municipality of residence, contact with cats during adulthood, and ingestion of unpasteurized milk were shown to be important risk factors. Congenital toxoplasmosis was observed in a pregnancy referred late for treatment. Follow-up of children born to mothers with diagnosed or suspected acute toxoplasmosis is crucial in the management of the changes that toxoplasmosis may cause.     

CT、MRI对肾上腺病变的诊断分析

目的:分析探讨CT、MRI诊断对肾上腺病变的作用与价值。方法:MarconiMX8000 4层螺旋CT机,增强造影剂使用非离子型制剂,常规扫描及增强。应用西门子MAGNETOM1.5T磁共振机,增强造影剂使用Gd-DTPA制剂,常规T1WI、T2WI、脂肪抑制、化学位移同反相位及增强。对25例经手术及病理资料诊断证实的肾上腺病变进行CT、MRI诊断回顾性分析。结果:可清楚显示肾上腺病变的侧别、数目、大小、范围及可能的性质。结论:CT是肾上腺病变最佳影像检查方法,MRI具有重要辅助及补充诊断价值。