The Geologic Time Scale and the Italian stratigraphic record

The construction of the Geologic Time Scale (GTS) is a titanic scientific challenge that has been under way for two centuries and will require much dedicated effort in the future. Italy preserves a paramount stratigraphic record of Mesozoic and Cenozoic marine sediments that have been significant in the development of the modern GTS. The Italian stratigraphic record has been histori-cally important in introducing and defining the standard Chronostratigraphic Units (CUs) of the Neogene and Quaternary. Pelagic successions from Northern Apen-nines and Southern Alps have been used in the seventies for integrating the late Cretaceous-Paleogene Geomag-netic Polarity Time Scale (GPTS) with planktonic microfossil biostratieraohv and standard CUs. This was a major contribution to the construction of a new gener-ation of GTS based on integrated magnetobiochronol-ogy. The middle Miocene to early Pleistocene marinerecord from Sicily and southern Italy has been funda-mental for establishing the recently developed Astro-nomical Time Scale (ATS). In prospect, there are many potentials still to be exploited in the Italian marine stratigraphic record for implementing the GTS by defin-ing GSSPs of various CUs, improving magneto-biochronology and extending downwards the ATS.     

云台凤凰山太阳光谱最佳观测时间讨论

将一年中可以进行光谱观测的时间相对最多，同时太阳成像质量相对较好的月份作为光谱观测最佳时间。为此我们统计了光谱仪1976年到1987年的观测资料，初步分析得出云台凤凰山太阳光谱最佳观测时间的年分布情况，相对好一些的是9月份，其次是3～4月份。     

气候平均值的计算及意义

本文提出了气候平均值函数的概念及其计算方法。认为计算气候平均值应采用气候平均值函数,并应围绕要素的周期变化去进行。根据每个周期的最大值与最小值之间都有全周期的平均值存在。因此,可以采用半周期的要素值计算出全周期的气候平均值。从而使有限年代的资料计算出的气候平均值可以代表更长年代的平均情况。也使我们清楚地知道所计算的气候要素的振动状态及演变趋势,以及所计算的气候平均值大体代表的有效年代及准确程度。     

热带气旋风场的一种数值计算模式

利用动力学方程组，并对其中垂直梯度项和垂直扩散项进行了参数化处理，利用每日４次的地面天气图资料和台风年鉴中台风中心位置资料，采用数值计算方法对热带气旋及其环境场进行数值计算模拟。计算结果表明，用本模式得到的热带气旋风场及其周围的环境风场比利用公式法得到的风场更为合理。