中国及邻区地震的天文潮汐触发特征研究—附加潮汐应力对发震断层的作用模式及其应用

本文在潮汐应力、构造应力、地震断层和岩石破裂滑动理论的基础上，建立了潮汐应力对地震断层作用的力学模式，该模式将潮汐应力与地震应力作用相结合，描述了沿地震主压应力和地震主张应务方向的附加潮汐应力对发震断层的力学作用方式，从而切入潮汐应力触发地震的物理机制，认为潮汐对地震的触发作用在实质上归结为潮汐应力对地震断层的促滑作用，这种促滑作用分增压型和减压型。在此模式基础上，对中国大陆及邻区的不同类型地震的潮汐触发性进行了研究，内容包括：计算了中国及邻区一千多个地震震源处沿主压应力P轴和主张应力T轴方向的附加潮汐应力分量，分析了这些量对发震断层的作用方式，按纬度区域统计了受到潮汐应力促滑作用的发震断层类型以及它们与潮汐应力作用方式的关系，得到了如下结论：受到潮汐应力促滑作用的发震断层的比例随区域纬度增加有减小趋势，其中，走滑型断层的比例在低纬区较大，而倾滑斜型断层的比例在中高纬度区较大；对整个统计区域而言，受增压型潮汐应力促滑作用的发震断层数比例大于受减压型潮汐应力促滑作用的发震断层；对不同的纬度区域，不同的潮汐应力作用方式与之促滑的发震断层类型也有不同的分布特征。最后，本文将中国及邻区受到潮汐触发作用的地震按构造应力区域划分，计算了这些地震发震时刻的日月位置参数，得到了各构造区域上具有潮汐触发物理机制的地震发震时的日、月位置参数分布图象。     

β-环糊精-1，2，5，8-四羟基蒽醌包结物荧光法测定铍

本文对1，2，5，8-四羟基蒽醌(THA)与镀形成配合物和THA进入β-环期精(β-CD)的内空腔与镀形成包结物这两种测定镀的荧光分析方法进行了比较，试验表明，后者的灵敏度和重现性有显着提高．选择性明显改善。详细研究了方法的测定条件．并应用于矿样中痕量镀的测定，结果符合质量要求。     

长乐-南澳剪切带晋江段构造岩特征及其构造变形机制

长乐-南澳左行韧性剪切带位于东南沿海，是酉太平洋大陆边缘构造带的一个组成部分。本文基于野外观察及室内分析，并借助透射电镜对变形石英的内部结构进行了观察，利用变形石英显微构造参数估算剪切带中的应力差值，由此探讨了形成构造岩的机制。     

Mantle processes during ocean formation：Petrologic records in peridotites from the Alpine－Apennine ophiolites

Mantle peridotites were early exposed at the sea-floor of the Jurassic Tethys derived from the subcontinental mantle of the Europe-Adria system. During continental rifting and oceanic spreading, these lithospheric peri-dotites were percolated via diffuse reactive porous flowby melt fractions produced by near-fractional melting of the upwelling asthenosphere. Ascending melts inter-acted with the lower lithosphere, dissolving pyroxenes and precipitating olivine, and crystallized at shallower levels in the mantle column causing melt impregnation.Subsequent focused porous flow formed replacive dunitechannels, cutting the impregnated oeridotites, which were conduits for upward migration of MORB-type liq-uids. Melt migration produced depletionlrefertilization and significant heating of the percolatedlimpregnated mantle, i.e the thermochemical erosion of the litho-sphere. Impregnated and thermally modified lithos-pheric mantle was cooled by conductive heat loss dur-ing progressive lithosphere thinning and was intrudeaby MORB magmas, which formed Mg-rich and Fe-richgabbroic dykes and bodies. Alpine-Apennine ophiolitic peridotites record the deep-seated migration of melts which changed their compositions and dynamics during the rift evolution. The thermochemical erosion of the lithospheric mantle by the ascending asthenospheric melts, which induces significant compositional and rhe-ological changes in the lower lithosphere, is a major process in the evolution of the continent-ocean transi-tion towards a slow spreading oceanic system.     

The Statistical Analysis of Migration of Strong Earthquakes-Taking the North China Region asan Example

The migration of strong earthquakes is an important research topic because the migration phenomena reflect partly the seismic mechanism and involve the prediction of tendency of seismic activity. Research on migration of strong earthquakes has mostly focused on finding the phenomena. Some attempts on getting regularity were comparatively subjective. This paper suggests that there should be indices of migration in earthquake dataset and the indexes should have statistical meaning if there is regularity in the migration of strong earthquakes. In this study, three derivative attributes of migration, i.e., migration orientation, migration distance and migration time interval, were statistically analyzed. Results in the North China region show that the migration of strong earthquakes has statistical meaning. There is a dominant migration orientation (W by S to E by N), a dominant distance ( ≤ 100kin and on the confines of 300 ～ 700km), and a dominant time interval ( ≤ la and on the confines of 3 - 4a). The results also show that the migration will differ slightly with different magnitude range or earthquake activity phase.     

一种新的最短路径搜索算法在GIS中的应用

最短路径是GIS应用的主要问题之一,通过对现有方法的学习和研究,提出了以节点-弧段联合结构为基础的最短路径搜索算法。通过实际数据的试验,证明了其可靠和可行性。     

空间流系中水团不定常混合的理论分析

迄今为止,海洋学中水团的混合问题还仅限于分别孜虑垂直方向与侧向的混合,这在研究水团的温、盐度的趋匀化过程,以及绘制温盐(T—S)曲线时得到一定的成功。当垂直混合或侧向混合起主要作用时,这种处理的方法尚可适用。但不能不看到这种描述具有其局限性。实际上,水团在垂直方向与侧向的混合有时是同时发生的,     

中国第二次北极科学考察队胜利完成任务回国

由国家海洋局组织实施的中国第二次北极科学考察于2003年7月15日乘“雪龙”号极地科学考察船从大连出发,9月26日乘“雪龙”号科学考察船回国。参加本次科学考察的中外科学家、后勤保障人员共108人,是近10年来国际上规模最大、学科最齐全的一次北极考察,获取了大量科学数据,不仅为了解北极变化及其对气候环境影响起到积     

任意曲线曲面上重磁位场转换的B样条函数法

提出用B样条函数求解曲线、曲面上重磁位场的向上延拓,水平、垂向导数计算,磁异常分量互换的方法。该方法的特点是:原理简明,程序通用性强,计算精度高。     

哀牢山-红河断裂带中段应变分析

对哀牢山—红河断裂带中段和平—水塘剖面、墨江—元江剖面和其它地段的岩石应变及磁组构进行了分析，表明应变强度的校正磁各向异性度PJ从断裂带向西至三叠系明显降低，变形强度向西迅速减弱。磁化率椭球体主轴展布反映出剪切带内、外变形方式的改变。剪切带内，以水平走滑运动为主；向西则以水平缩短为主。在应变分析中，对断裂带内的S—C组构两组面理夹角、杏仁体和石榴石应变标志体进行了测量，结果显示，剪切带内的磁组构和岩石组构间关系较差。此外，还对这两条剖面中的三叠系进行了应变和磁组构分析，找出了它们与磁化率椭球体对应轴率间的相关性。