全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1894篇 |
免费 | 226篇 |
国内免费 | 270篇 |
学科分类
地球科学 | 2390篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 19篇 |
2022年 | 55篇 |
2021年 | 71篇 |
2020年 | 64篇 |
2019年 | 92篇 |
2018年 | 60篇 |
2017年 | 79篇 |
2016年 | 91篇 |
2015年 | 108篇 |
2014年 | 113篇 |
2013年 | 123篇 |
2012年 | 108篇 |
2011年 | 77篇 |
2010年 | 90篇 |
2009年 | 107篇 |
2008年 | 100篇 |
2007年 | 126篇 |
2006年 | 101篇 |
2005年 | 85篇 |
2004年 | 92篇 |
2003年 | 84篇 |
2002年 | 57篇 |
2001年 | 50篇 |
2000年 | 65篇 |
1999年 | 58篇 |
1998年 | 51篇 |
1997年 | 35篇 |
1996年 | 40篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 25篇 |
1993年 | 25篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 15篇 |
1990年 | 19篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 3篇 |
1983年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有2390条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Measurements of salinity perturbations in a partially mixed estuary have been used to evaluate the usefulness of an inductive salinometer and to determine some of the characteristics of the salinity perturbations. The salinometer performed satisfactorily under most conditions. Although internal wave like effects were present, the turbulence fluctuations were dominant. The salinity fluctuations and the turbulent fluxes and were found to behave in a manner similar to the density fluctuations in a thermally stratified atmospheric boundary layer and a laboratory open channel flow. A quadrant analysis suggested that the contribution of each quadrant to the turbulent flux changed with Ri. The turbulence parameters ν and cγ were found to decrease and increase respectively as Ri increases. 相似文献
2.
The influence of emergent and submerged macrophytes on flow velocity and turbulence production is demonstrated in a 140 m reach of the River Blackwater in Farnborough, Hampshire, UK. Macrophyte growth occurs in patches and is dominated by Sparganium erectum and Sparganium emersum. In May 2001, patches of S. erectum were already established and occupied 18% of the channel area. The flow adjusted to these (predominantly lateral) patches by being channelled through a narrower cross‐section. The measured velocity profiles showed a logarithmic form, with deviations attributable to topographic control. The channel bed was the main source of turbulence. In September 2001, in‐stream macrophytes occupied 27% of the channel, and overhanging bank vegetation affected 32% of the area. Overall flow resistance, described by Manning's n, showed a threefold increase that could be attributed to the growth of S. emersum in the middle of the channel. Velocity profiles showed different characteristic forms depending on their position relative to plant stems and leaves. The overall velocity field had a three‐dimensional structure. Turbulence intensities were generally higher and turbulence profiles tended to mirror the velocity profiles. Evidence for the generation of coherent eddies was provided by ratios of the root mean square velocities. Spectral analysis identified deviations from the Kolmogorov ?5/3 power law and provided statistical evidence for a spectral short‐cut, indicative of additional turbulence production. This was most marked for the submerged vegetation and, in some instances, the overhanging bank vegetation. The long strap‐like leaves of S. emersum being aligned approximately parallel to the flow and the highly variable velocity field created by the patch arrangement of macrophytes suggest that the dominant mechanism for turbulence production is vortex shedding along shear zones. Wake production around individual stems of S. emersum close to the bed may also be important locally. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
Acoustic plane-wave scattering from a rough surface overlying a fluid half-space with a sound-speed distribution subject to a small random variation is considered. Under the assumption that the surface roughness and medium randomness are statistically independent, the scattered field may be derived by first solving for the mean field in the medium, and then incorporating with boundary-perturbation method to obtain the total mean field and the power spectral density of the scattered field. The employed algorithm is compatible to the analysis available in the existing literature so that the formulations are conveniently integrated. The results for the power spectral density have shown that the effects of medium inhomogeneities on the rough surface scattering are limited in a spectral regime where the scattered components have shallow grazing angles. The distribution of the power spectral density over the space is primarily governed by the power spectrum and correlation lengths of the rough surface. 相似文献
4.
The area of Serravalle, sited in the northern part of the town of Vittorio Veneto (TV), NE Italy, has been the target of a
seismic microzonation campaign. 10 seismic stations have been deployed for a 7 months period to record in continuous mode.
Three stations were installed on bedrock outcrops and seven on sedimentary sites with variable cover thickness. Spectral analyses
have been performed on the collected data-set using the Generalized Inversion Technique (GIT, e.g. Andrews, 1986). In particular,
spectral ratios have been calculated for each station relatively to the average of the three reference, bedrock sites. The
spectral ratios provide quantitative estimates of the seismic motion amplifications which occur in each of the monitored sites.
Two sites show high values of amplification, 5 times larger than signal amplitude at the reference sites, in correspondence
of well discernible peak frequencies of 5 Hz. Results for the other stations show smaller amounts of site amplification spreading
over a broad range of frequencies. Sites where the highest amplifications were recorded all lie on the left bank of the Meschio
River and in areas farther away from its outlet into the plain correlating with the presence of thick layers of Quaternary
deposits. 相似文献
5.
Under seismic excitation, liquefied clean medium to dense cohesionless soils may regain a high level of shear resistance at large shear strain excursions. This pattern of response, known as a form of cyclic mobility, has been documented by a large body of laboratory sample tests and centrifuge experiments. A plasticity-based constitutive model is developed with emphasis on simulating the cyclic mobility response mechanism and associated pattern of shear strain accumulation. This constitutive model is incorporated into a two-phase (solid–fluid), fully coupled finite element code. Calibration of the constitutive model is described, based on a unique set of laboratory triaxial tests (monotonic and cyclic) and dynamic centrifuge experiments. In this experimental series, Nevada sand at a relative density of about 40% is employed. The calibration effort focused on reproducing the salient characteristics of dynamic site response as dictated by the cyclic mobility mechanism. Finally, using the calibrated model, a numerical simulation is conducted to highlight the effect of excitation frequency content on post-liquefaction ground deformations. 相似文献
6.
Masao Komazawa Hitoshi Morikawa Kajuro Nakamura Junpei Akamatsu Keiichi Nishimura Sumio Sawada Ayfer Erken Akin Onalp 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2002,22(9-12):829-836
The 1999 Kocaeli earthquake brought serious damage to downtown of Adapazari. To study why strong motions were generated at the town, a bedrock structure was investigated on the basis of Bouguer gravity anomaly, and SPAC and H/V analyses of microseisms. It was revealed that, the basin consists of three narrow depressions of bedrock with very steep edges, extending in E–W or NE–SW directions along the North Anatolia faults, and the depth to bedrock reaches 1000 m or more. Downtown of Adapazari is located 1–2 km apart from the basin-edge. It is considered that, the specific configuration of bedrock amplifies ground motions at the downtown area by focusing of seismic waves and/or interference between incident S-waves and surface-waves secondarily generated at the basin-edge. Studying 3D bedrock structure is an urgent issue for microzoning an urban area in a sedimentary basin. 相似文献
7.
The site amplification is estimated at five seismic stations of the Latur region using the horizontal to vertical spectral ratios of 33 aftershocks of the main Killari earthquake of September 29, 1993 (UTC). Spectral amplifications, ranging from a factor of 2–6 are found to vary with frequency at different places. Significant amplification is found at four sites within the Latur region, at Basavakalyan, Kasgi, Killari, and Mudgad Eakoji villages. Our results show a positive correlation between the site amplification and the damage pattern in area. The pattern and the nature of the site amplification estimated in the present study corroborates also with the analytical models and the borehole data indicating alternating layers of unconsolidated sediments and basaltic rocks. 相似文献
8.
The basic concepts of spectral and multiscale selective reconstruction of (geophysically relevant) vector fields on the sphere from error-affected data is outlined in detail. The reconstruction mechanism is formulated under the assumption that spectral as well as multiscale approximation is well-representable in terms of only a certain number of expansion coefficients at the various resolution levels. It is shown that spectral denoising by means of orthogonal expansions in terms of vector spherical harmonics reflects global a priori information of the noise (e.g., in form of a covariance tensor field), whereas multiscale signal-to-noise thresholding can be performed under locally dependent noise information within a multiresolution analysis in terms of spherical vector wavelets. An application of the multiscale formalism to Earth's magnetic field determination is presented. 相似文献
9.
该文用几何光学与辐射传输混合模型研究不连续植被冠层的几何光学反射模型的四分量(承照树冠、承照地面、阴影树冠、阴影地面)的参数化。用一个修正的均匀介质层路径散射(反射与传输)参数的解析算法估计路径散射参数(反射与传输),其中也考虑了冠层间隙的影响。光谱分量特征是不连续植被冠层的传输与反射,背景反照率,以直射光通量与天空漫射光通量比例的函数。光谱分量特征的模型与在美国缅因州Holand采集的针叶林数据吻合。基于LiStrahler几何光学相互遮蔽模型,用参数化的光谱分量特征对老松林和老云杉林的方向反射进行估计,其结果与在不同太阳与观测方向上的PARABOLA测量值匹配得很好。 相似文献
10.
航空短波红外分光谱遥感技术直接寻找油气藏的有效性及应用实例 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用航空短波红外分光谱遥感技术,在新疆准噶尔盆地和塔里木盆地某些油气区,进行直接寻找油气资源的试验研究后发现,油气区含油岩系,油气藏上方盖层土壤的光谱在2300和2350nm波段具有双吸收特征。 相似文献