剪切屈服型可更换耗能梁的抗震性能研究

针对传统结构震后修复能力不足,带可更换构件的混合框架结构体系在地震作用下,可更换耗能构件集中损伤和耗散地震能量,保护其他构件不损伤或轻微损伤,更换损伤的耗能构件,即可实现结构预定功能震后可恢复。通过3个可更换耗能梁试件,研究其抗震性能。在此基础上,通过SAP2000有限元建模,对带可更换构件的混合框架结构进行非线性分析,研究整体结构体系的屈服机制、承载力和可更换耗能构件的可更换性能。结果表明:试件均发生剪切屈服型破坏,破坏特征包括腹板－加劲肋焊缝撕裂、腹板屈曲和腹板撕裂。各试件的滞回曲线非常饱满,具有优异的承载能力、变形能力和耗能能力;在地震作用下,带可更换构件的混合框架结构体系中各构件能够实现良好的有序屈服机制,可更换耗能构件具有较好的可更换性。     

可替换式桥梁横向防落梁限位装置抗震性能研究

针对目前桥梁结构横向防落梁限位装置损毁后修复困难的问题,提出一种新型的带可更换耗能段的桥梁横向防落梁限位装置。分别以可更换耗能段的腹板厚度、腹板高度及安装位置等为参数,采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立了10个不同参数的装置模型并对其开展拟静力仿真试验,探讨其工作机理,验证其可更换的设计思想并剖析其破坏机理,研究各参数对装置滞回曲线、承载力、延性和耗能能力的影响规律。结果表明:该装置可通过先可更换耗能段破坏再竖板破坏达到多道设防和分级耗能的目的,且整个加载过程中装置的滞回曲线饱满、稳定、无明显捏拢,表现出良好的耗能能力;随着可更换耗能段腹板厚度的增加,装置屈服承载力、极限承载力、屈服位移、极限位移以及延性系数逐渐增大,耗能能力逐渐增强;可更换耗能段高度对装置屈服承载力影响不显著;随着可更换耗能段高度的增加,装置极限承载力逐渐增大,装置屈服位移先增大后减小,装置极限位移整体呈下降趋势,装置的延性系数和耗能能力逐渐减小;可更换耗能段的安装高度对装置屈服承载力和耗能能力的影响无统一规律,但与装置的屈服位移、极限位移及延性系数成负相关。基于本析结果,建议装置在满足承载力要求的前提下,应尽量选取可更换耗能段腹板厚度较厚、高度较小和安装位置较低的参数进行设计。     

Development of detachable replaceable links for eccentrically braced frames

Eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) can be repaired after a major earthquake by replacing the links. The link replacement is not a straightforward process and is influenced by the type of the link and the amount of residual frame deformations. The past decade has witnessed the development of different types of replaceable links such as end-plated links, web connected links, bolted flange and web spliced links, and collector beam and brace spliced links. All of the developed replaceable link details, except the web connected links, are not suitable for link replacement under residual frame drift. In this paper, a detachable replaceable link detail which is based on splicing the link at its mid-length is proposed. The detail is well suited for installation under residual frame drifts. In addition, the weight and size of the members to be transported and erected are reduced significantly, thereby facilitating the replacement procedure. Performance of this proposed replaceable link is studied by conducting six nearly full scale EBF tests under quasi-static cyclic loading. The link length ratio, type of end-plated mid-splice connection, and the amount of residual drift are considered as test variables. The test results revealed that the inelastic rotation capacity of the detachable replaceable links exceeds the requirements of the AISC Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings. No failures are observed in the end-plated mid-splice connections demonstrating the potential of the proposed details. The detachable replaceable links are investigated by numerical analysis as well to further validate their applicability and to develop design recommendations.     

Replaceable links with direct brace attachments for eccentrically braced frames

This paper reports findings of an experimental study conducted on replaceable links for steel eccentrically braced frames (EBFs). A replaceable link detail which is based on splicing the directly connected braces and the beam outside the link is proposed. This detail eliminates the need to use hydraulic jacks and flame cutting operations for replacement purposes. Performance of this proposed replaceable link was studied by conducting eight nearly full‐scale EBF tests under quasi‐static cyclic loading. The link length ratio, stiffening of the link, loading protocol, connection type, bolt pretension, gap size of splice connections, and demand‐to‐capacity ratios of members were considered as the prime variables. The specimens primarily showed two types of failure modes: link web fracture and fracture of the flange at the link‐to‐brace connection. No failures were observed at the splice connections indicating that the proposed replaceable link detail provides an excellent response. The inelastic rotation capacity provided by the replaceable links satisfied the requirements of the AISC Seismic Provisions for Structural Steel Buildings (AISC341–10). The overstrength factor of the links exceeded 2.0, which is larger than the value assumed for EBF links by design provisions. The high level of overstrength resulted in brace buckling in one of the specimens demonstrating the importance of overstrength factor used for EBF links. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

腹板摩擦式钢框架节点震后可更换性能的试验研究

主要针对梁腹板带有摩擦耗能螺栓的自复位钢框架节点结构进行抗震性能和可更换性能的试验研究,探讨该类节点在往复荷载作用下的滞回性能以及节点域的变形特征。在参数选型的基础上,对5组钢框架节点试件进行了低周反复荷载作用下的拟静力试验,其中:4组试件具有自复位能力,分析了各试件的承载力、刚度、耗能性能和滞回特性等性能。综合研究结果表明:所提出的拼接节点能够利用摩擦螺栓的滑移提高节点的耗能能力,有效减少梁和柱主体构件的损伤,同时预应力筋提供了结构的自复位能力。试验结果表明:在地震作用之后,通过更换腹板及摩擦螺栓可以使结构的承载能力和耗能性能与震前基本一致,从而实现结构功能的快速恢复。     

Experimental testing and numerical modelling of a heavy timber moment‐resisting frame with ductile steel links

This paper presents the development, experimental testing, and numerical modelling of a new hybrid timber‐steel moment‐resisting connection that is designed to improve the seismic performance of mid‐rise heavy timber moment‐resisting frames (MRF). The connection detail incorporates specially designed replaceable steel links fastened to timber beams and columns using self‐tapping screws. Performance of the connection is verified through experimental testing of four 2/3 scale beam‐column connections. All 4 connection specimens met the acceptance criteria specified in the AISC 341‐10 provisions for steel moment frames and exhibit high strength, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity up to storey drifts exceeding 4%. All of the timber members and self‐tapping screw connections achieved their design objective, remaining entirely elastic throughout all tests and avoiding brittle modes of failure. To assess the global seismic performance of the newly developed connection in a mid‐rise building, a hybrid timber‐steel building using the proposed moment‐resisting connection is designed and modelled in OpenSees. To compare the seismic performance of the hybrid MRF with a conventional steel MRF, a prototype steel‐only building is also designed and modelled in OpenSees. The building models are subject to a suite of ground motions at design basis earthquake and maximum credible earthquake hazard levels using non‐linear time history analysis. Analytical results show that drifts and accelerations of the hybrid building are similar to a conventional steel building while the foundation forces are significantly reduced for the hybrid structure because of its lower seismic weight. The results of the experimental program and numerical analysis demonstrate the seismic performance of the proposed connection and the ability of the hybrid building to achieve comparable seismic performance to a conventional steel MRF.     

连梁可更换构件及连接的试验和模拟分析

结构可更换构件通过可更换连接与主体结构相连,共同工作并集中塑性损伤,震后更换损伤构件即可恢复结构功能。为了研究一种连梁可更换构件及连接的性能,对可更换构件及连接试件进行反复加载试验,并对低屈服点耗能钢材进行单向拉伸试验。采用ABAQUS软件对该可更换构件及连接进行有限元模拟分析,比较了壳单元和实体单元模拟的计算效率和精度,并提出合理可行的材料参数取值方法,采用非线性接触对模拟可更换螺栓端板连接,模拟结果与试验结果吻合良好。试验分析可用于研究该类可更换构件及连接的实际性能,模拟分析可为该类可更换构件及连接提供性能预测方法,并验证了可更换构件实际屈服力与设计屈服力的吻合度和超强系数,验证连接螺栓不产生滑移。在此基础上,给出了该可更换构件及连接在工程中的应用方法。     

带有可更换连梁的钢筋混凝土结构设计方法

钢筋混凝土剪力墙结构通过设置可更换连梁,在地震作用下集中损伤,保护主体结构不受或只受微小破坏,震后更换损伤构件即可恢复结构功能。参照现行规范和已有试验分析结果,在普通钢筋混凝土结构设计基础上,提出带有可更换连梁的钢筋混凝土结构实用设计方法,设定性能目标,总结设计流程。采用提出的设计方法对1个50层钢筋混凝土结构进行设计,并采用大型有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立数值模型,验证结构性能目标和提出的设计方法。结果表明:按该方法设计的带有可更换连梁的钢筋混凝土结构能满足所设定的性能目标,设计方法合理实用,为该新型结构的工程应用提供了参考。     

CINRAD-SA/SB发射机故障定位方法

介绍了CINRAD-SA/SB发射机信号流程、同步信号时序关系及关键点波形参数,从故障现象、雷达终端报警信息、面板监控信息分析入手,根据相关信号流程和关键点波形、参数测试,定位发射机故障到可更换单元,总结了速调管附属电源、高频放大链、全固态调制器电路故障分析定位技巧,列举了用调压器法、断开负载法、逐级检测法分析定位全固态调制器电路故障的典型个例,并提出了发射机维修方面的一些建议。     

双层球面网壳结构的阻尼替代杆件减振控制研究

采用阻尼杆件替代双层网壳结构中的部分下弦杆件,既不改变原结构的网格形式,又对其进行有效的减振控制。在ANSYS软件中建立粘弹性阻尼杆件的数值模型,采用阻尼杆件对网壳部分下弦杆件进行替换,建立网壳减振结构数值模型;分别采用8种阻尼杆件替换方式对结构进行控制,进行结构的三维地震作用分析,在三种常用II类场地地震作用下考察替换杆件布局对结构控制效果的影响。研究表明:阻尼杆件布局方式对结构动力响应的控制效果有较大影响,合理布置阻尼替换杆件可以有效降低结构最大节点位移、最大节点加速度、最大杆件轴力等响应,控制效果可以达到20%～30%。