Palaeobotanical evidence of wildfires in the Late Palaeozoic of South America – Early Permian, Rio Bonito Formation, Paraná Basin, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Fossil charcoal, as direct evidence of palaeowildfires, has repeatedly been reported from several plant-bearing deposits from the Late Palaeozoic of the Northern Hemisphere. In contrast charcoal reports from the Late Palaeozoic deposits of the Southern Hemisphere are relatively rare in comparison to the Northern Hemisphere. Although the presence of pyrogenic coal macerals has repeatedly been reported from Late Palaeozoic coals from South America, no detailed anatomical investigations of such material have been published so far. Here is presented an anatomical analysis of charcoal originating from Early Permian sediments of the Quitéria Outcrop, Rio Bonito Formation, Paraná Basin, located in the central-eastern portion of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. This charcoal comes from two different coaly facies, and it was possible to scrutinize between three types, based on anatomical characters of the charcoal. Two of these charcoal types can be correlated to gymnosperm woods, and the other type corresponds to strongly permineralized bark with characteristic features of lycopsids. The presence of charcoal in different facies, ranging from parautochtonous to allochtonous origin, indicates that different vegetation types, i.e. plants which grew under wet conditions in the lowland as well as in the more dry hinterland, have experienced wildfires. Taking into account previous petrographic and lithological analyses from the facies in which the charcoal occurs and from the conditions of the wood and bark fragments, it was possible to speculate that the intensity of such wildfires most probably corresponds to forest-crown fires. Moreover, it is possible to state that wildfires have been a more or less common element in distinct Late Palaeozoic terrestrial ecosystems in the South American part of Gondwana. The data support previous assumptions on the occurrence of wildfires in the Early Permian of the Paraná Basin which were based solely on coal-petrographic data.     

伴有静脉瘤栓的子宫静脉内平滑肌瘤病的MSCT及MPR重建表现与鉴别

目的:探讨子宫静脉内平滑肌瘤病(IVL)的临床和影像特点,增进对该病的认识。方法:回顾性分析我院近5年3例伴有下腔静脉及右心受累的子宫静脉内平滑肌瘤病,对其临床特点、影像表现、治疗及预后进行总结。结果:3例患者中2例既往有子宫肌瘤切除史,1例首次发病。2例因下肢水肿、夜间呼吸困难,1例因左协肋部不适发现肾盂积水就诊。CT扫描均发现腹盆腔巨大肿块,表面分叶状,增强多发结节样强化,同时见盆腔静脉增多增粗,静脉内瘤栓形成并经髂内静脉、髂总静脉蔓延至下腔静脉,1例达右心房并引起肝淤血表现。结论:IVL是少见变异的子宫肌瘤,病变可由盆腔静脉向上蔓延至下腔静脉甚至右心房,对生命造成一定威胁,应提高对IVL的认识。     

基于岩相古地理的黄淮平原原生劣质水发育特征分析

黄淮平原水资源严重短缺,原生劣质水非常发育,水资源供需矛盾十分突出,属于我国典型的资源型缺水和水质型缺水区。文章基于对黄淮平原第四纪各个时期岩相古地理演变的详细刻画,分析了原生劣质水的空间发育特征,旨在研究其与沉积相的相关性。结果表明：原生劣质水基本分布在河间带相、河间洼地相、扇间洼地、浅湖相和沼泽洼地相等古地形闭塞、排水不畅、水平径流滞缓的沉积相中,尤其是溶解性总固体含量（TDS）＞3000 mg/L的咸水、氟化物＞2.0 mg/L的高氟水、铁含量11.98 mg/L的高铁水和锰含量6.43 mg/L的高锰水均分布在上述沉积相范围内,据此充分论证岩相古地理演化对水文地质结构场、水化学场和原生劣质水发育特征的决定性影响。通过分析原生劣质水的成因环境,为进一步详细刻画原生劣质水的平面和垂向发育特征提供依据,并在黄河冲积扇及河道带相、冲积-洪积扇相等主流相内,结合地球物理勘探方法进行洁净地下水勘查,初步形成"岩相古地理分析—主流相圈定靶区—物探确定层位—成井供水"的勘查供水模式,为缺水区安全供水提供新的思路和方法。     

支气管囊肿外科治疗36例临床分析

纵隔型支气管囊肿（MBC）是一种先天性支气管囊肿,多发生于中纵隔中上部,发生在后下纵隔相对少见。本文报道1例后下纵隔支气管囊肿患者,19岁,男性,体检发现纵隔占位。CT表现为后下纵隔脊柱旁不规则肿块,密度混杂,边缘及内部可见结节状钙化,增强后未见强化。MRI检查T1WI呈不均匀低信号,T2WI呈高信号,内见条索状、分隔样低信号,增强后延迟期病灶边缘及分隔轻度强化。术后病理诊断：支气管源性囊肿。本文回顾性分析该病例的CT和MRI影像特征,并复习国内外文献,总结后下纵隔不典型支气管囊肿的影像表现,以提高对该疾病的认识。

     

First U–Pb SHRIMP age of the Hauterivian stage, Neuquén Basin, Argentina

A high-resolution ion-microprobe (SHRIMP) U–Pb zircon age from a tuff layer intercalated in the ammonoid bearing sedimentary succession of the Neuquén Basin in Argentina provides a robust geochronologic date to add to the absolute ages and to improve the relative chronology of the Early Cretaceous Hauterivian stage. The tuff layer appears interbedded between shales of the upper member (Agua de la Mula) of the Agrio Formation within the Spitidiscus riccardii ammonoid zone (base of the Late Hauterivian) yielding a date of 132.5 ± 1.3 Ma. This date confirms and supports an accurate correlation between the ammonoid biostratigraphy of the Neuquén Basin with the Western Mediterranean Province of the Tethys during the Early Cretaceous and matches with the most recently published time scale. It also casts doubts on the validity of K–Ar ages on glauconite-grains recently reported from the Lower Cretaceous of the Vocontian Basin of France.     

中俄蒙跨边界次区域矿产资源合作开发机制与模式研究

本文以区域经济地理学为理论基础．采用实证分析的方法．结合东北经济区现实发展条件,通过分析中俄蒙三国毗邻地区矿产资源合作的区位条件、贸易条件、资源互补条件及开发现状,探讨区域合作深入发展的制约机制与优化机制,并结合实证研究总结出政府主导型、大型国有企业合作型和民营企业境外拓展型三种中俄蒙跨边界矿产资源合作开发模式。     

应变非线性软化的圆形硐室围岩荷载-位移关系研究

基于峰值应力后具拐点的应变非线性软化本构模型,且同时考虑中间主应力 ,对岩体形变影响的条件下及等压荷载下圆形硐室围岩塑性区应力分布规律、围岩承载机制及围岩与支护之间作用关系进行研究,得到无支护硐室围岩自承地应力上确界 、围岩压力下确界 等反映实际硐室围岩工作状况的重要概念。给出了 、 的表达式以及它们与地应力 间的关系式。所得到的塑性区应力、塑性区半径、围岩压力和硐室周边位移等研究结果,与基于理想弹塑性体的Fenner解答相比,要更接近实际硐室围岩中的对应量值。     

陕西省交口抽渭灌区劣质地下水的资源化研究

针对陕西省交口抽渭灌区灌溉渠网纵横，灌溉期渭河水源水量不足的实际，提出开采当地微咸与咸的地下水，注入引水渠道，使地表水与劣质地下水在渠道内混合，搭载淡水降低地下水的矿化度，增大供水水量，从而使部分劣质地下水直接资源化。其思路对西北及其他高矿化度地下水分布区，有引淡水条件的地区将具有实际意义，对扩大地下水资源的范围也将产生一定的影响。     

多排螺旋CT直接法与间接法成像用于下腔静脉CT测量的对比研究

目的:对比多排螺旋CT直接法下腔静脉成像测量径线,与间接法下腔静脉成像测量径线是否存在差异。方法:回顾性分析30例(男14例,女16例,年龄23~65岁,中位年龄44岁)直接法下腔静脉成像的患者图像,收集30例(男10例,女20例,年龄20~66岁,中位年龄43岁)腹部增强检查患者静脉期图像。通过GE adw4.6后处理工作站对原始图像行MIP、MPR重建,分别测量下腔静脉右心房入口、第一肝门、肾盂、左右髂总静脉分叉上方平面的长径、短径,并测量左肾静脉汇入下腔静脉上方1cm处下腔静脉CT值。结果:下腔静脉右心房入口、第一肝门、肾盂、髂总静脉分叉上方平面的长径及短径,直接法成像分别为(3.02±0.44,2.06±0.32)、(2.29±0.49,1.39±0.52)、(2.46±0.44,1.73±0.45)、(2.30±0.38,1.66±0.46);间接法成像分别为(2.88±0.43,1.95±0.31)、(2.37±0.59,1.17±0.37)、(2.28±0.32,1.63±0.31)、(2.25±0.21,1.47±0.34),两者之间无明显统计学差异。直接法左肾静脉汇入下腔静脉上方1 cm处CT值为313.43±50.90HU远高于间接法的95.50±22.17HU。结论:多层螺旋CT直接法下腔静脉成像与间接法下腔静脉成像,下腔静脉的不同层面径线测量无明显差异,直接法成像管腔内造影剂浓度高于间接法,显示下腔静脉更好,测量结果为正确评估下腔静脉疾患提供参考数据。      

磁敏感加权成像对羊脑静脉血管的实验研究

目的:探讨超高场强磁共振SWI对脑静脉血管的检出率和诊断价值。方法:选取5只健康绵羊,然后对羊脑部静脉血管进行3.0T超高场强磁共振成像,对磁共振成像所得T1WI、T2WI及SWI图像进行对比分析。结果:分析所得T1WI、T2WI及SWI图像,将额部脑浅静脉在MRI图像上的表现分为4级(Ⅰ-未显示,Ⅱ-显示模糊,Ⅲ-显示较清楚,Ⅳ-显示清楚),在20支脑静脉血管中,SWI显示Ⅲ级共2支血管,Ⅳ级共18支血管,无I级和Ⅱ级血管显示。结论:超高场强磁共振SWI序列对检测脑静脉血管具有重要价值。