模数转换器对导航信号的影响分析及最优量化参数选择方法设计

结合导航信号的具体物理模型,从信息量和信噪比两个角度入手,对ADC前后导航信号所含有效信息量及信噪比变化规律进行推导计算。从理论上证明2~3 bit量化已能满足一般接收机正常工作的需要,在此基础上归纳不同的量化门限选择对信号信噪比的不同影响,发现在特定的干扰下,合理地选取量化门限反而会增加信号的信噪比这一反常规现象。最后提出一种合理选取量化门限的方法,以获得最优的信噪比增益,并进行了试验仿真的验证,对接收机前端设计具有一定的启发意义。     

Nonlinear chemical couplings in the tropospheric NO x -HO x gas phase chemistry

A bifurcation phenomenon with relevance to atmospheric chemistry is discussed. The gasphase reactions in the troposphere exhibit two types of temporal evolution which are controlled by the strength of the source,Q, of nitric oxide, NO, via the nonlinear chemical coupling between the hydrogen oxides and nitrogen oxides chemistry. IfQ remains below a threshold value, all short-lived species, including NO, approach steady-state concentrations, while above the threshold bifurcation to another state with increasing (nonstationary) NO concentrations accompanied by a depletion of the OH and HO₂ abundances takes place.     

多源遥感影像深度特征融合匹配算法

针对多源遥感影像之间成像机理不同、非线性光谱辐射畸变大以及灰度梯度差异明显等所导致的匹配困难问题,提出深度特征融合匹配算法(Feature Fusion Matching Algorithm, FFM)。(1)通过构建特征图金字塔网络提取影像深度特征,使用特征连接结构将语义丰富的高层特征与定位精确的低层特征互补融合,解决多源影像同名特征难以表征的问题并提高特征向量的定位精度;(2)对原始维度1/8的特征图进行交叉变换来融合自身邻域信息与待匹配影像特征信息,通过计算特征向量间的相似性得分得到初次匹配结果,针对特征稀疏区域,提出滑动窗口自适应得分阈值检测算法来提升匹配效果;(3)将匹配结果映射至亚像素级特征图,在小窗口内计算像素间的匹配概率分布期望值来检校优化匹配结果,提高匹配点对的准确性;(4)使用PROSAC算法对匹配结果进行提纯,有效剔除误匹配的同时最大限度保留正确匹配点。试验选取6对多源遥感影像,将FFM同SuperPoint、SIFT、ContextDesc以及LoFTR算法进行对比,结果表明FFM算法在匹配点正确率、匹配点均方根误差以及分布均匀度等方面远优于其他算法。将FFM匹...     

Polarimetric synthetic aperture radar change detection for specific land cover types

This paper presents a supervised polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) change detection method applied to specific land cover types. For each pixel of a PolSAR image, its target scattering vector can be modeled as having a complex multivariate normal distribution. Based on this assumption, the joint distribution of two corresponding vectors in a pair of PolSAR images is derived. Then, a generalized likelihood ratio test statistic for the equality of two likelihood functions of such joint distribution is considered and a maximum likelihood distance measure for specific land cover types is presented. Subsequently, the Kittler and Illingworth minimum error threshold segmentation method is applied to extract the specific changed areas. Experiments on two repeat-pass Radarsat-2 fully polarimetric images of Suzhou, China, demonstrate that the proposed change detection method gives a good performance in determining the specific changed areas in PolSAR images, especially the areas that have changed to water.     

The first and the second e of the extreme value distribution,EV1

In the peak over threshold model resulting in the Extreme-value distribution, type I, (EV1) the firste of the distribution function is based on the Poisson number of exceedances, and the seconde arises from the Exponentially distributed magnitudes.This paper, on the one hand, generalises the Poisson model to the (positive and negative) Binomial distribution, and, on the other hand, the Exponential distribution is generalised to the Generalised Pareto distribution. Lack of fit with respect to the Poisson and Exponential distribution is measured by statistics derived from those which would be locally most powerful if the estimates of the location and scale parameter were equal to the true parameter values. Ways of combining both statistics are discussed.