Monitoring of Over Cutting Area and Lubrication Distribution in a Large Slurry Pipe Jacking Operation

Slurry pipe jacking was firmly established as a special method for the non-disruptive construction of the underground pipelines of sewage systems. Pipe jacking, in its traditional form, has occasionally been used for short railways, roads, rivers, and other projects. Basically the system involves the pushing or thrusting of concrete pipes into the ground by a number of jacks. In slurry pipe jacking, during the pushing process, mud slurry and lubricant are injected into the face and the over cutting area that is between the concrete pipes and the surrounding soil. Next, the slurry fills voids and the soil stabilizes due to the created slurry cake around the pipes. Fillings also reduce the jacking force or thrust during operation. When the drivage and pushing processes are finished, a mortar injection into the over cutting area is carried out in order to maintain permanent stability of the surrounding soil and the over cutting area. Successful lubrication around the pipes is extremely important in a large diameter slurry pipe jacking operation. Control of lubrication and gaps between pipes and soil can prevent hazards such as surface settlement and increases in thrust. Also, to find voids around the pipes after the jacking process, in order to inject mortar for permanent stabilizing, an investigation around the pipes is necessary. To meet these aims, this paper is concerned with the utilization of known methods such as the GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) system and borehole camera to maintain control of the over cutting area and lubricant distribution around the pipes during a site investigation. From this point of view, experiments were carried out during a tunnel construction using one of the largest cases of slurry pipe jacking in Fujisawa city, Japan. The advantages and disadvantages of each system were clarified during the tests.     

低空无人飞艇航测相机稳定平台控制方法

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单目视觉下基于对偶四元数的运动目标位姿确定

利用对偶四元数研究运动载体和目标之间相对运动的单目算法大多是仿真验证,缺乏实验验证。针对这些不足,在James方法的基础上,扩展了状态量,推导了相应的系统模型和观测模型,组成新的滤波方程。匀速旋转的转台实验验证了改进算法的优越性。     

89C51实现光电经纬仪摄影机目标距离的显示

介绍一种以89C51为核心，通过AD和LED，实现光电经纬仪摄影机目标距离显示的方法。该方法提出了一些新的设计方案，从而使整个系统结构简单，运行可靠。     

数码相机的畸变差检测研究

提出了一种检测面阵CCD数码相机畸变差的方法。首先利用标准三维检校场测定面阵CCD数码相 机的内方位元素和系统畸变系数,然后依据投影几何中空间直线经中心投影变换后仍是直线的原理,提出了 对面阵CCD数码相机随机畸变的检测和改正方法。利用该方法对UAVRS Ⅱ系统中的面阵数码相机的畸变 进行了检校,获取了满意的结果。     

一种非量测相机近景影像外方位元素解算方法

本文提出了一种角椎体法和共线方程法联合解算非量测相机影像外方位元素的方法。工程应用证明该方法求解像片的外方位元素具有计算速度快、收敛性强、计算精度高等优点。     

便携式消费级无人机相机标定有效性评估

本文针对近年来在各行业中广泛使用的便携式消费级无人机开展了相机标定有效性研究,分别通过室内标定场和后处理软件对相机进行标定和自标定,在对比无相机标定、飞前相机标定、飞后相机标定和自标定迭代校正等方法所得成图精度后,对不同相机标定方案的有效性进行了评估.结果表明:各种方案成图总体精度差别不大;飞前、飞后相机标定与无相机标...     

基于计算机视觉的相机标定方法

随着航空摄影测量及倾斜摄影技术的不断推广,其相机传感器受内在及外在因素的影响,使得相机畸变参数的准确性并不是稳定如一,因而极大限制了数据处理的效率.针对这一问题,本文以解决相机畸变参数的准确性作为出发点,从相机成像原理出发,分析相机成像中的误差,介绍相机标定的方法,对相机标定进行实验分析,以达到准确标定相机参数的目的,...     

基于计算机视觉的地形3D重建

构造3D地形模型有很多种方法．本文提出一种用数码相机获得的未标定照片获取三维地形模型的简单方法．这种方法仅需要从两幅或多幅照片中选取对应点,根据这些对应点,求出基本矩阵,摄像机矩阵,进而进行三维地形表面的估计,实验结果及算法分析表明,本文提出的特征匹配算法精确度较高,实现地形重建方法切实可行,生成的模型可视效果较好。     

数码相机检验中出现的问题及解决方法

数码相机的检验是近景摄影测量中经常碰到的问题。最常用的主要还是基于共线方程的后方交会法。但由于普通数码相机存在较大的镜头畸变,内方位元素也未知,所以仅用单片进行后方交会求取有关参数时,法方程可能会出现病态现象,从而影响最后的检验结果。文中对此现象进行了讨论,并给出了一些实用的解决方法。