卒中绿色通道收治的1例静脉窦血栓形成病例报道

<正>1病例介绍患者男性,51岁,因"言语不清4 h加重伴抽搐发作1.5 h"于2017年10月27日以"缺血性卒中"收入吉林大学第一医院。患者入院前4 h无明显诱因出现目光呆滞、言语不清,表现为答非所问、反应迟钝,就诊于吉林大学第一医院急诊,行头颅CT示"双侧多发腔隙性脑梗死",NIHSS评分6分,遂于入院前1.5 h于急诊给予     

化疗药物对轴型皮瓣血运影响的组织学观察

目的探讨抗癌药物动脉灌注后对局部轴型皮瓣血运影响的组织学评价。方法在猪腹部的腹壁上动脉插管灌注抗癌药物,10d后在猪腹部形成以腹壁上血管为蒂的岛状皮瓣,通过对灌注区域轴型血管供养的岛状皮瓣的成活率、光镜、透射电镜及血管铸型透明标本的组织学观察,显示其血管结构及构筑的变化。结果抗癌药物用于局部动脉灌注后,使局部轴型血管支配的血管网有损伤的表现,岛状皮瓣远端的血运显著降低。结论抗癌药物经动脉灌注后可影响局部轴型皮瓣的血运,使皮瓣血供的安全范围缩小,为提高相关修复手术的成功率提供可靠的科学依据。     

Potential contribution of nuclear factor-kappaB to cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits.

Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) plays a key role in inflammation, which is involved in the development of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In the present study, we assessed the potential role of NF-kappaB in regulation of cerebral vasospasm. Nuclear factor-kappaB DNA-binding activity was measured in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) treated with hemolysate and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, 80 micromol/L), an inhibitor of NF-kappaB. Forty-two rabbits were divided into three groups: control, SAH, and PDTC groups (n=14 for each group). The caliber of the basilar artery was evaluated. Nuclear factor-kappaB DNA-binding activity and the gene expression levels of cytokines and adhesion molecules in the basilar artery were measured. Immunohistochemical study was performed to assess the expression and localization of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, and myeloperoxidase (MPO). It was observed that NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity was significantly increased by treatment with hemolysate in cultured VSCMs, but this increase was suppressed by pretreatment with PDTC. Severe vasospasm was observed in the SAH group, which was attenuated in the PDTC group. Subarachnoid hemorrhage could induce increases of NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity and the gene expression levels of TNF-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, ICAM-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, which were reduced in the PDTC group. Immunohistochemical study demonstrated that the expression levels of TNF-alpha, ICAM-1, and MPO were all increased in the SAH group, but these increases were attenuated in the PDTC group. Our results suggest that NF-kappaB is activated in the arterial wall after SAH, which potentially leads to vasospasm development through induction of inflammatory response.     

嗅神经母细胞瘤的临床病理及超微结构观察

本文报道了12例嗅神经母细胞瘤的临床病理及其中2例的超微结构特点。光镜观察结果,12例均可见细胞之间由细胞突起形成的嗜酸性背景,有4例可见Flexner菊形团、7例见Homer-Wright菊形团(其中3例同时存在Flexner菊形团);电镜观察结果,细胞具有轴突样和树突样突起,胞体及突起内含微管、神经细丝及神经分泌颗粒,细胞突起之间见突触样的连接。作者并对该瘤的诊断问题进行了探讨。     

兔膀胱出口部分梗阻所致逼尿肌超微结构的改变

目的　观察兔膀胱出口部分梗阻后逼尿肌细胞超微结构的改变。　方法　建立雄性兔膀胱出口部分梗阻动物模型 ,利用透射电镜观察其逼尿肌细胞内超微结构 ,应用ImagineTool图像分析软件检测粗面内质网面积和线粒体密度。　结果　梗阻组逼尿肌细胞内单位面积平均 1 1 5 .2 8μm2 ,胞质中粗面内质网面积 (5 .377± 2 .31 8) μm2 ,较对照组的 (0 .476± 0 .31 9) μm2 明显扩大 ;线粒体相对密度为 1 .0 2 7± 0 .0 64 ,较对照组的 0 .830± 0 .0 58明显下降 ,P均 <0 .0 1。　结论　膀胱出口部分梗阻后逼尿肌细胞内质网扩张 ,提示其合成蛋白质功能增强 ,从而引起膀胱壁增厚 ;而线粒体水肿明显 ,密度下降 ,提示逼尿肌细胞能量代谢障碍 ,导致其收缩功能下降     

肥厚型心肌病预后评估的研究进展

肥厚型心肌病是最常见的遗传性心脏病,其临床表现及预后极富多样性。该病患者的不良转归主要有:猝死、心力衰竭以及心房颤动所致的栓塞事件等。现就影响肥厚型心肌病预后的因素作一综述。     

电视胸腔镜心血管外科手术150例

目的 总结、分析150例电视胸腔镜心血管外科手术的临床结果。方法 应用电视胸腔镜手术技术对动脉导管未闭、房间隔缺损、室间隔缺损、三尖辨关闭不全、冠状动脉-肺动脉瘘、心包积液、原发性长Q-T综合征、雷诺病，心包囊肿等进行治疗。结果 动脉导管未闭均成功在胸腔镜下钳闭；房缺、室缺在胸腔镜体外循环下进行补片修补，冠状动脉瘘胸腔镜下修补；心包积液进行心包活检与开窗引流；长Q-T综合征进行胸腔镜下左T2、T3胸交感神经节切除，均无严重并发症，术后患者恢复良好。结论 电视胸腔镜心血管外科手术可取得满意的临床治疗结果。     

颅颌面形态有限元分析系统的初步建立

初步建立一个用于颅颌面形态变化研究的有限元分析系统。方法：程序用ＢｏｒｌａｎｄＣ语言编写，对临床常用的Ｘ线头颅定位片进行分析，将呆分析的头颅定位片描在硫酸纸上，用图形数值化仪把节点输入计算机。根据有限元分析法的原理，将头颅定位片上的颅颌面结构份割许多三角形单元，用应变张量来描述颅颌面形态变化。     

枸杞多糖对高温损伤小鼠睾丸曲细精管影响的电镜观察

为研究枸杞多糖对小鼠睾丸生细红胞的作用，本次以热吹风器对小鼠双侧睾丸透热(B组)，另取正常不透热小鼠为空白对照（A组)，蒸馏水灌胃对照(C组)和透热后灌鼠枸杞多糖(D组)，进行实验观察，待B、C、D各组于透热结束后即刻、3天、1周、2周，5周处死动物，取双侧睾丸，常规作光镜和电镜观察。实验结果表明，B组各期生精细胞进行性受损，属肿胀溶解性细胞变性坏死过程，D组则在1周时受损部位和程度未见进行性加重，5周对基本恢复正常，提示枸杞多糖有明显的抗高温，保护生精细胞作用。