Changes in T .lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain inJury

BACKGROUND： Besides local changes of cranial parenchymal cells, hemorrhage, etc., severe traumatic brain injuries also cause the changes of total body fluid and various functions, and the changes of lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets should be paid more attention to. OBJECTIVE： To reveal the changing laws of T lymphocyte subsets after severe traumatic brain injury, and compare with mild to moderate brain injury. DESIGN： A comparative observation. SETTINGS： Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City; Central Laboratory of Shenzhen Hospital of Prevention and Cure for Chronic Disease. PARTICIPANTS： All the subjects were selected from the Department of Neurosurgery, Longgang District Buji People＇s Hospital of Shenzhen City from August 2002 to August 2005. Thirty patients with severe brain injury, whose Glasgow coma score （GCS） was ≤ 8 points, were taken as the experimental group, including 21 males and 9 females, aging 16 - 62 years. Meanwhile, 30 patients with mild traumatic brain injury were taken as the control group （GCS ranged 14- 15 points）, including 18 males and 12 females, aging 15 -58 years. All the subjects were in admission at 6 hours after injury, without disease of major organs before injury Informed consents were obtained from all the patients or their relatives. METHODS： （1） The T lymphocytes and the subsets in peripheral blood were detected with immunofluorescent tricolor flow cytometry at l, 3, 7 and 14 days after injury in both groups. （2） The conditions of pulmonary infections were observed at 4 days after injury. The differences of measurement data were compared with the t test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Changes of T lymphocytes subsets at 1 - 14 days after severe and mild or moderate traumatic injury. RESULTS： Finally, 28 and 25 patients with mild to moderate traumatic brain injury, whereas 25 and 21 patients with severe traumatic brain injury were analyzed at 7 and 14 days respectively, and the missed ones died due to the development of disease. （1） Changes of T lymphocyte subsets： At 1 and 3 days after injury, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 began to decrease, whereas CD8 increased in the experimental group, which were very significantly different from those in the control group （t =2.77 - 3.26, P 〈 0.01）, and began to recover at 7 days, which were significantly different from those in the control group （t = 2.06 - 2.24, P 〈 0.05）, and generally recovered to the normal levels at 14 days （P 〉 0.05）. （2） Conditions of pulmonary infections： At 4 days after injury, the rate of pulmonary infection was significantly different between the experimental group and control group [73% （22/30）, 0, x2=37.29, P 〈 0.01]. CONCLUSION： Patients with severe traumatic brain injury suffer from damages of cellular immune function at early period （within 7 days）, and they are easily to be accompanied by pulmonary infections.     

雄性大白鼠球海绵体肌和坐骨海绵体肌的运动神经元—HRP法研究

本实验用HRP注射于大白鼠的一侧球海绵体肌和坐骨海绵体肌后,在脊髓腰骶段的不同平面可观察到支配该两肌的运动神经元胞体出现标记并具有一定的局部定位关系。支配球海绵体肌的运动神经元主要位于L_5～S_1的背内侧群,而支配坐骨海绵体肌的运动神经元主要位于背外侧群和腹侧群。本文认为大白鼠腰骶段前角背内侧群和背外侧群同腹外侧群细胞一样,同属于Onuf's核的同源神经细胞。本文还观察了大白鼠腰骶段脊髓前柱细胞的配布。     

高能重带电粒子束平均能量计算的一个简单公式

本文提出了一个计算高能重带电粒子束平衡能量的简单公式。在计算重带电粒子放射治疗剂量时，用此公式可获得与平均能量有关的物理量的解析表达式，用此公式计算了入射铝内10-MeV的质子束的平均能量，并与相应的实验数据作了比较，比较表明，本文提出的公式在相当大的能量范围内能够精确地预言重带电粒子的平均能量，此外，还计算了在水中在100-MeV、150-MeV和200-MeV的质子束的平均能量。     

国内外城市生活垃圾处理处置技术及发展趋势

城市生活垃圾的处理、处置方法目前达到规模化应用的有填埋、焚烧和堆肥3种方式。阐述上述3种方式的国内外发展状况，提出源头控制和多种技术并存是生活垃圾处理、处置的有效途径。     

浙江省602例选择性冠状动脉造影患者血脂水平分析

目的研究经选择性冠状动脉造影证实的冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)与非冠心病患者血脂水平的差异。方法测定602例住院行选择性冠状动脉造影患者血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(nonHDL-C)水平,并根据冠脉造影结果进行比较分析。结果冠心病组血清TC、LDL-C、nonHDL-C稍高于对照组(4．70 mmol／L±1．22 mmol／L vs．4．49 mmol／L±0．96 mmol／L、2．63 mmol／L±1．00 mmol／L vs．2．44 mmol／L±0．77 mmol／L、3.45 mmol／L±1．14 mmol／L vs．3．22 mmol／L±0.92 mmol／L),差异有统计学意义(P<0．05,P<0．01);组间不同水平血脂的构成比除HDL-C、nonHDL-C外差异无统计学意义(P>0．05)。结论高脂血症并非浙江省冠状动脉粥样硬化患者的固有特征,冠心病与非冠心病人群血脂水平存在较大的重叠。     

张景岳温补脾肾论治月经病学术特色

明代医家张景岳,寝馈于《内经》、《难经》数十载,结合自己的临床实践,提出命门阴阳学说,强调真阴真阳;辨证论治以脾肾为重,用药偏于温补,对温补学说有极大的创见和发挥。本文就《景岳全书·妇人规》有关月经病的论述和治疗学习总结如下,以就正于同道。1月经本源在脾胃,久病不调终损肾《上古天真论》:“女子二七,天癸至,任脉通,太冲脉盛,月事以时下,故有子。”张景岳认为天癸乃后天之阴气,阴气足而月事通,是谓之月经。月经本为阴血,冲脉为五脏六腑之血海,脏腑之阴血皆归冲脉,由此可见“冲脉为月经之本”;血气之化生来源于水谷,水谷盛则血气…     

双氯芬酸钾胶囊的人体生物等效性研究

目的:研究2种双氯芬酸钾胶囊的人体生物等效性。方法:20名健康男性志愿者随机交叉单剂量口服受试制剂或参比制剂,采用高效液相色谱-质谱法测定血药浓度,计算药动学参数和相对生物利用度。结果:受试制剂与参比制剂的药-时曲线符合一房室模型,AUC0～8分别为(2.27±0.66)、(2.16±0.58)(μg·h)/ml,Cmax分别为(1.27±0.40)、(1.38±0.58)μg/ml,tmax分别为(0.9±0.7)、(1.0±0.7)h;受试制剂的相对生物利用度为(104.9±12.8)%。结论:2种双氯芬酸钾胶囊具有生物等效性。     

用熟悉的语言唤醒对全身麻醉患者苏醒质量的影响

目的 观察用熟悉的语言唤醒对全身麻醉患者苏醒质量的影响.方法 全凭静脉全身麻醉下手术患者100例随机分为观察组和对照组,每组50例.对照组患者围麻醉期给予常规处理.观察组在麻醉苏醒期实施熟悉的语言唤醒:术前1 d通过访视和患者建立融洽关系;术毕,在麻醉药停止使用后,用其熟悉的声音呼唤其姓名,每隔15～20 s呼喊1次,...     

前列腺增生症合并膀胱结石的内镜治疗

目的 探讨内镜治疗前列腺增生症合并膀胱结石安全有效的方法.方法 采用输尿管镜气动碎石术或膀胱镜直视下大力碎石钳碎石术加经尿道前列腺电切术,治疗31例前列腺增生症合并膀胱结石患者,分析术中和术后治疗效果.结果 所有患者均一次性治疗成功,术中无膀胱穿孔,术后无尿道狭窄.结论 采用输尿管镜气动碎石术或膀胱镜直视下大力碎石钳碎石术加经尿道前列腺电切术,治疗前列腺增生症合并膀胱结石是安全、高效的.     

焦磷酸测序用于COL1A1基因多态性与骨肉瘤易感性关系分析

目的观察骨肉瘤患者Ⅰ型胶原α1(COL1A1)基因多态性,探讨骨肉瘤与COL1A1基因多态性的相关性。方法收集骨肉瘤以及正常患者外周血样本,应用焦磷酸测序方法(Pyrosequencing)对54例骨肉瘤患者与126例健康对照者COL1A1基因rs1061970位点进行分析。结果 54例骨肉瘤患者COL1A1rs1061970位点基因型频率中,TT(13.0%)和CT(48.1%)要显著高于正常对照组TT基因型频率11.9%及CT等位基因频率30.2%(P<0.05),骨肉瘤患者组中T等位基因的频率为37.0%,高于对照组的27.0%,OR为1.59,95%CI 0.99~2.57,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但是骨肉瘤的发病风险仍呈上升趋势。结论 COL1A1基因多态性与骨肉瘤的发生具有相关性,携带COL1A基因T等位基因的发生骨肉瘤的风险增高。