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排序方式: 共有164条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Agnieszka J Klemm Piotr Klemm Kazimierz Rozniakowski Tomasz W Wojtatowicz 《Building and Environment》2002,37(12):1221-1232
This paper present the results of the investigation into a potential application of laser radiation for the detection of phase transition processes occurring on the surface layers of porous materials. An attempt was made to discuss in the approximation equations, the relationships between coefficients of the reflected light, the temperature and humidity of the surrounding environment. Laser light reflected from the porous surface carries information about the roughness of the structure. The presence of water microdrop on the surface of the porous material, as a result of condensation and thus a phase transition, leads to the phase displacement of individual rays, which is represented by different images. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the reflected light parameters allows a dynamic study of the phase transition phenomena without mechanical intervention. 相似文献
2.
3.
J Zimnicki K Rozniakowski B Wendler W Kalita J Hoffman 《Journal of Materials Science》1998,33(5):1385-1388
TiN paths have been created on the surface of the titanium alloy OT4-1 by the use of a laser beam. The results of investigations of structure, phase composition, microhardness and surface roughness of the created TiN paths are given in the paper. The paths created in the work are inhomogenous two-phase mixtures of TiN and -Ti, in which the TiN phase with strong (2 0 0) texture is predominant over the other phase and presents a dendritic structure. © 1998 Chapman & Hall 相似文献
4.
Tomasz Fałat Kazimierz Friedel Norman Marenco Stephan Warnat 《Microsystem Technologies》2009,15(1):181-190
The current paper focuses on several mechanical aspects of a waferlevel packaging approach using a direct face-to-face Chip-to-Wafer
(C2W) bonding of a MEMS device on an ASIC substrate wafer. Requirements of minimized inherent stress from packaging and good
decoupling from forces applied in manufacturing and application are discussed with particular attention to the presence of
through-silicon vias (TSV) in the substrate wafer. The paper deals with FEM analysis of temperature excursion, pressure during
molding, materials used and handling load influence on mechanical stress within the TSV system and on wafer level, which can
be large enough to disintegrate the system. 相似文献
5.
In the Fe–30Ni alloy investigated a martensitic transformation can occur both during quenching or plastic deformation. Martensite formed during plastic deformation, depending on the thermo-mechanical treatment applied, exhibits a different morphology from that achieved during quenching and forms the so-called composite-like structure. The morphology and volume fraction of martensite depends both on strain and temperature. In the present studies Fe–30Ni alloy was deformed by monotonic rolling in one path and perpendicular rolling in the temperature range MD–MS. The aim of the investigations was a determination of martensite volume fraction depending on the strain and temperature. To examine the influence of strain, the alloy was deformed by rolling in one path or perpendicular rolling at a temperature of − 30 °C, in the strain range of 10–30%. The dependence of temperature was investigated by rolling with 30% strain in a temperature range from − 30 °C to − 80 °C. The variants of thermo-mechanical treatment performed enabled us to achieve different martensite morphologies and volume fractions. Microstructural analysis was performed by means of light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results of quantitative microstructural analysis of martensite and retained austenite volume fractions formed in different thermo-mechanical treatments were compared with those obtained by magnetic measurements. The fraction of deformation-induced martensite determined varied from 2% to 86%. The partial volume fractions VVMF of martensite formed in different deformation directions were also determined. It was found that the influence of the temperature on the martensite volume fraction is more pronounced than the influence of strain. 相似文献
6.
Elbieta Masiukiewicz Barbara Rzeszotarska Gabriela Fortuna Kazimierz Kochman 《Advanced Synthesis \u0026amp; Catalysis》1991,333(4):573-578
Synthesis of two mammalian gonadoliberin analogs, [Gln1]GnRH and [Glu1]GnRH, in solution by the peptide segment coupling of the [(2 + 4) + 4] type has been described. 相似文献
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8.
Central Europe experienced catastrophic rainfalls and flooding in 2010. This paper discusses a decommissioned shaft that was flooded by surface water, which led to displacement of shaft backfill and an inrush of large amounts of water into an underground pumping station. The weather conditions for the period preceding the inrush, the hydrogeological conditions, the quantity of water that entered the mine dewatering systems, and the underground hydraulic connections are all described. Uncontrolled inflow of water as a cause of backfill saturation and the hazard for active underground infrastructure were analysed. A need to rebuild damaged infrastructure was identified. The case study highlights the need to improve underground mine closure requirements to ensure safe conditions above ground, particularly in densely populated areas. 相似文献
9.
Jerzy Jedlinski Jean Luc Grosseau Poussard Jarosław Dabek Kazimierz Kowalski Marek Nocun Grzegorz Smola Zbigniew Żurek 《Oxidation of Metals》2017,88(3-4):371-382
The very early stages of the oxidation of an Fe20Cr2Al alloy, unmodified and ion-implanted by aluminium, yttrium and a combination of both elements, Al and Y, were studied at 1100 °C in oxygen using two-stage-oxidation exposures with 18O2 as a tracer and subsequent characterisation of the scales using SIMS analyses of distribution of oxygen isotopes and oxide-related negative ion clusters, SEM observations of the surface morphology and photoluminescence spectroscopy analysis of the phase composition. The scales formed in all cases, except for the Al-implanted alloy, exhibited layered structures, with the outer part comprising Fe- and Cr-rich oxide, and the inner part being Al2O3, which grew due to a mixed outward–inward mechanism . The alumina sub-layers contained the transient oxides and α-Al2O3. Implanted Al significantly affected the mechanism of the scale growth, providing that the scale consisted essentially of α-Al2O3, and grew via a mixed inward-outward mechanism typical for scales on alumina formers. 相似文献
10.
This experimental study focuses on generation and control of annular impinging jets. The annular nozzle used in the investigations was designed with an active flow control system using 12 synthetic jets issuing radially from the central nozzle body. Measurements of the control effects were made on the impingement wall. The data acquisition involved wall pressure and wall mass transfer (by the naphthalene sublimation technique) using air as the working fluid. Also measured was time-mean flow velocity (by a Pitot probe) in the jet flow field. Moreover, flow visualization was carried out. Two main flow-field patterns (A and B) were identified. The patterns differ in the size of the separated-flow recirculation regions that develop attached to the nozzle central body: While pattern A is characterized by a quite small recirculation region (bubble) extending not far from the nozzle exit, pattern B exhibits a large recirculation region, reaching up to the impingement wall, on which it forms a stagnation circle. The control action modifies the flow field, resulting in changes of the corresponding heat/mass transfer distributions. The convective transfer rate on the stagnation circle can be demonstrably enhanced by 20% at a moderate nozzle-to-wall distance, equal to 0.6 of the nozzle outer diameter. 相似文献