Calcium Ion-Induced Stabilization and Refolding of Agkisacutacin from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Agkistrodon Acutus</Emphasis> Venom Studied by Fluorescent Spectroscopy

Agkisacutacin isolated from the venom of Agkistrodon acutus is a coagulation factor IX / coagulation factor X-binding protein with marked anticoagulant- and platelet-modulating activities. Ca²⁺ ion-induced stabilization and refolding of Agkisacutacin have been studied by following fluorescent measurements. Ca²⁺ ions not only increase the structural stability of agkisacutacin against GdnHCl denaturation, but also induce its refolding. The GdnHCl-induced unfolding of the apo-agkisacutacin and the purified agkisacutacin is a single-step process with no detectable intermediate state. Ca²⁺ ions play an important role in the stabilization of the structure of agkisacutacin. Ca²⁺-stabilized agkisacutacin exhibits higher resistance to GdnHCl denaturation than the apo-agkisacutacin. It is possible to induce refolding of the unfolded apo-agkisacutacin merely by adding 1 mM Ca²⁺ ions without changing the concentration of the denaturant. The kinetic result of Ca²⁺-induced refolding provides evidences for that agkisacutacin consists of at least two refolding phases and the first phase of Ca²⁺-induced refolding should involve the formation of the compact Ca²⁺-binding site regions, and subsequently, the protein undergoes further conformational rearrangements to form the native structure.     

Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on Mesoporous PdPt Nanoparticles Anchored on a Three-dimensional PANI@CNTs Network as Nanozyme Labels

In this study, a novel strategy to amplify electrochemical signals by mesoporous PdPt nanoparticles with core-shell structures anchored on a three-dimensional PANI@CNTs network as nanozyme labels (PdPt/PANI@CNTs) was proposed for the sensitive monitoring of α-fetoprotein (AFP, Ag). First, the mesoporous PdPt nanoparticles prepared by a facile chemical reduction method had excellent biocompatibility with biomolecules, which could capture a large amount of AFP-Ab₂ (Ab₂) and exhibit plentiful pores to entrap more thionine (Thi) into mesoporous PdPt nanoparticles with enhanced loading and abundant active sites. Furthermore, the resulting mesoporous PdPt nanoparticles were abundantly dotted on the surface of a three-dimensional PANI@CNTs network with excellent conductivity and a high specific surface area through the bonding of the amino group to form PdPt/PANI@CNTs nanozyme labels. Most importantly, the as-prepared PdPt/PANI@CNTs nanozyme labels exhibited unexpected enzyme-like activity towards the reduction of hydrogen peroxide owing to the highly indexed facets, enhancing the current response to realize signal amplification. In view of the advantages of nanozyme labels and the involvement of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs, which behave as electrode materials) for the sensitive determination of AFP, the as-developed immunosensor could obtain a dynamic working range of 0.001 ng mL^−1–100.0 ng mL⁻¹ at a detection limit of 0.33 pg mL⁻¹ via DPV (at 3σ). Furthermore, the nanozyme-based electrochemical immunosensor exhibited remarkable analytical performance, which brought about feasible ideas for disease diagnosis in the future.     

半导体制冷干燥装置在气相色谱法测定溶解态N2O中的应用

结合半导体制冷技术，建立了一种气相色谱在线除水方法，该法具有节约载气、减少干燥剂用量、样品消耗量小等优点。采用该装置，气相色谱法测定溶解态N2O，可有效消除水汽的干扰，仪器连续运行15h基线漂移的变异系数优于0．6％。     

R410A和R22在水平内螺纹管内冷凝性能的实验研究

实验研究了环保替代制冷工质R410A和R22在冷凝温度40℃时在内螺纹强化管(外径为9.52mm)内的冷凝换热特性,对二者的冷凝换热性能进行了对比,并研究了测试管外冷却水流量对换热系数的影响。结果表明:在管外冷却水流量相同时,R22的总换热系数K普遍比R410a小,而管内传热系数hr比R410A大。R22与R410A的总传热系数K均随管外冷却水流量的增加而增加,当制冷剂流量Gm大于300kg.s-1.m-2时,管外冷却水流量对总传热系数K的影响变小。     

TiO_2纳米棒和CdSe纳米棒复合膜与聚3-甲基噻吩杂化太阳能电池研究

采用水热法制备了TiO2和CdSe两种纳米棒材料,将两种纳米材料制备成TiO2/CdSe复合纳米棒膜电极,并在复合膜上电化学聚合生成聚3-甲基噻吩poly(3-methylthiophene)(PMeT),研究了其光电化学性能.实验表明,当TiO2与CdSe的物质的量复合比为2:1,PMeT的聚合时间为40s,在电极电势为-0.2V下ITO/TiO2/CdSe/PMeT电极光电转换效率(IPCE)达到56%,对比ITO/TiO2/CdSe复合膜电极在长波方向的光电转换效率明显提高,光吸收截止波长发生了明显的红移.同时以ITO/TiO2/CdSe/PMeT组装了简易的杂化太阳电池,初步研究了光电池性能,光电池总效率为0.08%,Voc=0.4V,jsc=0.61mA/cm2,ff=0.33.     

长江沿岸某化工园区土壤、底泥中酚类化合物的污染现状

建立了同时测定土壤（底泥）样品中12种酚类化合物的检测方法。采用加速溶剂萃取（ASE）与凝胶渗透色谱（GPC）协同净化进行前处理,气相色谱和质谱联用技术（GC-MS）进行定性定量分析。方法检出限为0.410~13.1 μg/kg（干重）,回收率在70.7%~122%之间,相对标准偏差（RSD）为1.2%~16%。基于上述分析方法研究了长江沿岸某化工园区土壤及长江底泥中12种酚类化合物的污染水平。17个土壤样品和7个底泥样品中除对苯二酚外的11种酚类化合物均有检出。土壤和底泥中酚类污染物总含量范围分别为10.16~30.66 mg/kg和18.00~29.83 mg/kg,平均含量分别为18.26 mg/kg和22.51 mg/kg。土壤和底泥中最主要的酚类污染物为4-硝基苯酚和4-氯-3-甲酚,其次为邻氯对苯二酚、4,6-二硝基邻甲基苯酚和2,4,6-三氯酚。该化工园区周边土壤及长江底泥中12种酚类污染物污染水平较低、环境风险较小。