淇、卫河流域“96·8”致洪暴雨过程的数值模拟

应用LASGREMM模式 ,对淇、卫河流域“96·8”致洪暴雨过程进行了模拟预报分析。结果表明 ,LAS GREM模式不仅能较准确地预报淇、卫河流域暴雨落区 ,而且可以进一步分析天气过程的特点及演变情况     

Correcting method of eddy covariance fluxes over non-flat surfaces and its application in ChinaFLUX

Although Eddy Covariance (EC) technique is one of the best methods for estimating the energy and mass exchanges between underlying surface and atmosphere in micrometeorology, errors and uncertainties still exist without necessary corrections. In this paper, we will focus on the effect of coordinate system on the eddy fluxes. Based on the data observed over four sites (one farmland site, one grassland site and two forest sites), the effects of three coordinate system transforming methods (Double Rotation-DR, Triple Rotation-TR and Planar Fit-PF)on the turbulent fluxes are analyzed. It shows that (i) the corrected fluxes are more or less than the uncorrected fluxes, which is related mainly to the sloping degree of surface, wind speed and wind direction; and (ii) pitch angle has a sinusoidal dependence on wind direction, especially in the regular sloping terrain; and (iii) PF method is something like the simplification of TR or DR,and there are not obvious distinctions in correction in sloping grassland and flat farmland, but PF method is not suitable for uneven and irregular forest sites.     

山东省前寒武纪地层形成时代——同位素地质测年的证据

精确同位素地质测年结果表明,沂水岩群形成时代为2 760～2 700Ma,泰山岩群雁翎关岩组、柳杭岩组下亚组和孟家屯岩组形成时代为2 750～2 700Ma,均属新太古代早期;泰山岩群柳杭岩组上亚组、山草峪岩组形成时代为2 600～2 540Ma（被峄山岩套石英闪长岩和傲徕山岩套二长花岗岩侵入）,济宁岩群岩浆锆石年龄（2 561±24）Ma,均属新太古代晚期。荆山群和粉子山群的形成时代为古元古代晚期。芝罘群碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄（1 658±32）Ma、（1 792±43）Ma,形成时代为中元古代。云台岩群花果山组碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄800～740Ma,形成时代为新元古代。     

苏北废黄河口声学多普勒测流中向上分量的分析

利用对苏北废黄河口25 h三船同步声学多普勒测流仪(ADP)测流和悬浮体观测资料,研究了向上分量流速对悬浮泥沙扩散和输运的影响。ADP测量不仅提供水平方向的流分量,还提供垂向的流分量,各分量帮助了解底层悬浮泥沙与海底的沉积物的交换和向上扩散。向上流分量比水平方向的流分量小,值在5 cm/s以内,但是它的变化是有规律的,随涨潮、落潮发生变化。本地区潮周期内悬浮泥沙的变化与潮流相位变化密切,沙峰出现在涨急或落急之后,3个站在潮周期内都出现4个沙峰。但是,各站悬沙的再悬浮是不同的。分析显示,10 m水深处,底层存在较强的再悬浮和再沉积,存在向上和向下的流;而在水深15~17 m处,底部、下部主要是向上的分量,只有上部存在向下分量,因此较深处可能较少发生沉积。     

基于岩石物理实验的时移地震研究

时移地震技术是油田开发阶段动态检测的一个重要手段.岩石物理实验室能实现模拟油气田在开采过程中其储层参数变化对岩石弹性参数的影响.本文基于岩石物理实验及地震正演模拟,分析了X气田在开采过程中其孔隙压力下降及水不断侵入情况下,进行时移地震监测的可行性及其主要影响因素.     

民采空区危险性两级模糊综合评判——以招远市北截村为例

在充分搜集资料的基础上,对招远市北截村民采空区进行实地勘查,从地质条件、灾害发育程度及采空区特征3个影响因素入手,选取了9个评判因子进行两级模糊综合评判,采取最大隶属度原则确定采空区危险性等级,并进行了评估分区。评判结果能较准确地反应实际情况,为该区地质灾害防治工作及开发建设规划提供了依据。     

Enhancement of removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen in sequencing batch reactor using natural zeolite

Two sets of lab-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBR), i.e., control SBR and SBR using zeolite as carrier (zeo-SBR), were applied to assess nitrogen removal efficiency. The test results revealed that zeolite powder added in SBR could improve its performance. Due to the combination of zeolite adsorption for NH₄ ⁺–N and enhanced simultaneous nitrification and de-nitrification (SND), a higher removal ratio of ammonia nitrogen in wastewater was observed in the test reactor, and the introduction of zeolite powder was helpful to inhabit sludge bulging comparing with the control SBR, in other words, activated sludge immobilized by zeolite powder could remove NH₄ ⁺–N, COD, and PO₄ significantly in a shorter cycle time. Applied two hydraulic retention times (HRTs) showed that the nitrogen and phosphorus removal could be improved while adapting to load variations.     

锡矿体变化特征及其勘探意义

本文通过勘探变量的统计得分法以及聚类和特征分析法,将矿体变化性按成因分为四类.按不同的取样观测方法,将矿体变化性分为群体的、单体的和局部的三类,并以实例说明上述分类在矿体预测和勘探中的实际应用.     

The mechanism for the impact of sea surface temperature anomaly on the ridgeline surface of Western Pacific

Based on the atmospheric circulation data provided by ECMWF and the sea surface temperature data by NOAA, we studied the mechanism for the impact of sea surface temperature anomaly on the ridgeline surface of western Pacific using an improved high truncated spectral model. Our results show that the wave-wave interaction and the wave-mean flow interactions are weaker in the inner dynamic process of atmospheric circulation, when atmospheric circulation is forced by the sea surface temperature of El Niño pattern. With the external thermal forcing changed from winter to summer pattern, the range of ridgeline surface of western Pacific moving northward is smaller, which causes the ridgeline surface of western Pacific on south of normal. On the contrary, the wave-wave interaction and the wave-mean flow interaction are stronger, when atmospheric circulation is forced by the sea surface temperature of La Niña pattern. With the external thermal forcing turning from winter to summer pattern, the ridgeline surface of western Pacific shifts northward about 19 latitude degrees, which conduces the ridgeline surface of western Pacific on north of normal. After moving to certain latitude, the ridgeline surface of western Pacific oscillates with the most obvious 30–60 d period and the 4°–7° amplitude. It is one of the important reasons for the interannual variation of ridgeline surface of Western Pacific that the atmospheric inner dynamical process forced out by different sea surface temperature anomaly pattern is different.     

羌塘盆地半岛湖地区上侏罗—下白垩统礁灰岩地球化学特征和成岩流体性质

半岛湖地区生物礁以发育灰岩为主,包括以造礁生物为主的骨架岩和非礁碳酸盐岩,针对生物礁相碳酸盐岩的显微组构分析和阴极发光分析,测得不同点礁各类礁相碳酸盐岩的常微量元素和碳、氧同位素组成,分别为:35件样品Mn,Sr,Fe元素平均质量分数为129×10-6,270×10-6和1 320×10-6,具有较低的Mn含量、较高的Sr含量、Fe含量,表明在成岩过程中海源流体发挥了主导作用,同时遭受了不同程度的大气淡水成岩流体的影响;碳同位素值变化不大且都为正值,变化区间为1.4‰~3.5‰,平均值为2.61‰;氧同位素值变化区间为-7.4‰~-2.7‰,平均值为-5.25‰,古海水盐度指数Z值变化较小,为126.6~132.7,平均值为130.5。结果表明,成岩流体盐度较高,溶蚀孔洞较为发育的颗粒灰岩和礁灰岩具有相对更低的δ18 O值,晚侏罗—早白垩世时期,羌塘盆地北部大量有机碳被高速埋藏是导致半岛湖地区礁相碳酸盐岩碳同位素值普遍偏高的首要原因。