基于GPS测量数据的GIS数据库更新算法研究

为了解决土地利用GIS数据库更新中多源数据存在不一致的问题,使土地利用GIS数据库的更新更高效、科学、合理并且美观,从地理信息系统空间数据的更新方式和土地利用数据更新的实际需求出发,以GPS测量数据为更新源,建立GPS测量数据的误差模型,借助地图匹配的算法思想,提出一种GPS/GIS数据融合匹配的方法,在GPS点误差范围内建立误差缓冲区,按照距离最近、走向最接近的原则,把GPS点与GIS数据进行融合匹配,参与GIS数据的拓扑重构,达到GIS数据库的局部区域的快速更新。实验结果证明,本算法能使GPS点匹配简便快捷,提升更新效率。     

GIS中直线元内插点精度及对误差带的影响

基于误差传播定律，考虑参数r误差影响，推导了线元内插点的精度计算公式，讨论内插点精度对线元误差带的影响，并对影响的结果进行了分析，得到了一些有益的结论。     

地壳介质剪切波分裂研究的部分进展

剪切波穿过各向异性介质传播时会发生分裂现象,而在地壳中产生各向异性的主要因素是大量充满液体的定向排列的微裂隙。通过剪切波分裂参数可以研究地壳介质的特性、地壳应力状态及应力场的变化,并可用于地震预测。利用地壳介质各向异性特征研究断层性质也是一个新的动向。     

辽宁岫岩M_S5.9地震前应力积累的讨论

使用营口地震台记录的地震波形资料, 对1999年11月29日辽宁岫岩MS5.9地震前后进行剪切波分裂分析, 结果表明剪切波分裂参数在岫岩地震前后有明显的变化, 慢剪切波时间延迟在岫岩地震前约142天开始增加, 揭示了震前的应力积累过程. 应力积累的持续时间与震级的关系符合对数坐标下的直线拟合经验统计关系.     

Numerical simulation of migration–accumulation of oil resources

Numerical simulation of oil migration and accumulation is to describe the history of oil migration and accumulation in basin evolution. It is of great value to the evaluation of oil resources and to the determination of the location and amount of oil deposits. This thesis discusses the characteristics of petroleum geology and permeation fluid mechanics. For the three-dimensional problems of Dongying hollow of Shengli Petroleum Oil Field, it puts forward a new model and a kind of modified method of upwind finite difference fractional steps implicit interactive scheme. For the famous hydraulic experiment of secondary migration–accumulation, the numerical simulation test has been done, and both the computational and experimental results are basically identical. For the actual problem of Dongying hollow, the numerical simulation test and the actual conditions are basically coincident. Thus, the well-known problem has been solved.     

Scattering of Semidiurnal Internal Kelvin Wave at Step Bottom Topography

A three-dimensional, multi-level model was used to study the energy dissipation of semidiurnal internal Kelvin waves due to their interaction with bottom topography. A simplified topography consisting of a channel with an additional shallow bay was used to clarify the wave’s scattering process. When the first mode semidiurnal internal wave given at an open boundary arrives at the bay mouth, higher-mode internal waves are generated at a step bottom of the bay mouth. As a result, the energy of the first mode internal Kelvin wave is effectively decayed. The decay rate of the internal Kelvin wave depends on both the width and length of the additional bay. The maximum decay rate was found when a resonance condition occurs the bay, that is, the bay length is equal to a quarter of wave length of the first mode internal wave on the shallow region. The decay rate in the wide bay cases is higher than that in a narrow case, due to a contribution from the scattering due to the Poincare wave that emanates from the corners of the bay head. The decay rate with the additional bay is 1.1–1.8 times that of the case without the additional bay. The decay rate due to the scattering process is found to be of the same order as that of the internal and bottom friction.     

Possibility of recent changes in vertical distribution and size composition of chlorophyll-a in the western North Pacific region

Our analysis of the last three decades of retrospective data of vertical distributions and size composition of chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) over the western North Pacific has revealed significant changes of three indices related to Chl-a during summer season, as follows: (1) decreasing linear trend of the proportion of Chl-a in surface layer to that of the whole water column by 0.4 and 2.3% year⁻¹ in the subtropical area along 137°E (STA₁₃₇) during 1972 to 1997 and in the Kuroshio Extension area along 175°E (KEA₁₇₅) during 1990 to 2001; (2) increasing linear trend of the depth of subsurface Chl-a maximum (DCM) by 0.4 and 2.6 m year⁻¹ in STA₁₃₇ and KEA₁₇₅; and (3) decreasing linear trend of larger-size Chl-a (>3 μm) by 0.1 and 2.5% year⁻¹ in STA₁₃₇ and KEA₁₇₅, respectively. Water density (σ _θ ) at 75 m depth had also decreased by 0.006 and 0.05 year⁻¹ in STA₁₃₇ and KEA₁₇₅, respectively. The ratio of biogenic opal to biogenic CaCO₃ in the sinking flux decreased by 0.015 year⁻¹ in the subtropical region from 1997 to 2005. These findings may indicate that the subsurface chlorophyll maximum is deepening and larger phytoplankton such as diatoms has been decreasing during the past decade, associated with the decreasing density of surface water caused by warming in the western North Pacific, especially in the summer.     

Japan-equator XBT sections in late November 1989 and in early December 1991

A comparison between Japan-equator XBT sections along 150°E in late November 1989 and along 140°E in early December 1991 is made. The warmest surface water above 29°C diminished to the south of 2–4°N and the surface mixed layer noticeably decreased in thickness in the equatorial region in December 1991; besides, the North Equatorial Countercurrent was intensified. This is considered to be a manifestation of changes in the surface layer of the western equatorial Pacific in the mature phase of El Niño.     

中国东北地区重力场研究——剩余重力场与重点油气勘探盆地的关系及油气勘探新领域

本文利用基于余弦变换的匹配滤波技术对中国东北地区布格重力异常进行了分离.根据分离的剩余场异常特征,以黑河-齐齐哈尔-白城断裂带和佳木斯-伊通断裂带为分界线,把东北地区分布的主要盆地划分为西部盆地、中部盆地和东部盆地.指出研究区主要盆地的构造样式与剩余场相关的正负异常圈闭呈现一一对应的关系,其地质边界范围与剩余场反应的边...