怒江大峡谷及下游地区7个云南少数民族YAP位点的多态性研究

本文以怒江大峡谷及下游地区的独龙族、怒族、僳僳族、阿昌族、景颇族、德昂族和傣族7个云南特有少数民族为对象,利用PCR分型法筛查Y染色体特异区YAP位点的多态性分布。结果显示：怒族的YAP^ 频率为1.82%,景颇族为12.50%,傣族为10.00%,其他4个民族群体均为YAP^-。     

The geographic polymorphisms of Y chromosome at YAP locus among 25 ethnic groups in Yunnan, China

Little is known of the origin and the earliest migratory routes of the eastern Asia populations. Many researchers suggested that modern humans in eastern Asia originated from Africa[1,2], and the migratory routes spread from western to eastern Asia along southern mainland of Asia[3]. Eastern Asia was one of the few regions with relatively abundant hominid fossils, especially Yun-nan Province of China, the home of Ramapithecus and Yuanmou Man. Yuanmou Man was the oldest hominid fossil[4]. …     

The geographic polymorphisms of Y chromosome at YAP locus among 25 ethnic groups in Yunnan,China

The genetic polymorphisms of Y chromosome at YAP locus in 25 ethnic groups (33 populations) of China were analyzed in a total of 1294 samples. The average YAP+ frequency of the 33 populations was 9.2%, coinciding with published data of Chinese populations. Primi has the highest YAP+ frequency (72.3%), which is also the highest YAP+ among all the eastern Asian populations studied. The YAP+ occurred in 17 populations studied including Tibetan (36.0%), Naxi (37.5% and 25.5%), Zhuang (21.3%), Jingpo (12.5%), Miao (11.8%), Dai (11.4%, 10.0%, 3.3% and 2.0%), Yi (8.0%), Bai of Yunnan (6.7% and 6.0%), Mongol of Inner Mongolia (4.3%), Tujia of Hunan (2.6%), Yao (2.2%) and Nu (1.8%). The other 15 populations are YAP-including Lahu (2 populations), Hani, Achang, Drung, Lisu, Sui, Bouyei, Va, Bulang, Deang, Man and Hui and Mongol of Yunnan and Bai of Hunan. The YAP+ frequencies varied among the different ethnic groups studied, and even different among the same ethnic group living in different geographic locations. Using the genetic information, combined with the knowledge of ethnology, history and archaeology, the origin and prehistoric migrations of the ethnic groups in China, especially in Yunnan Province were discussed.     

中国云南25个少数民族Y染色体DYS287位点的地理多态性

对中国25个少数民族的33个群体共1294份样品进行了Y染色体DYS287 (YAP)位点的遗传多态性分析, 结果为: 普米族YAP + 频率为72.3%, 是至今报道东亚人群中的最高频率; YAP + 频率较高的有藏族(36.0%)、纳西族(37.5%和25.5%)、壮族(21.3%)、景颇族(12.5%)、苗族(11.8%)、傣族(11.4%, 10.0%, 3.3%和2.0%)、彝族(8.0%)、 云南白族(6.7%和6.0%), YAP+频率较低的有内蒙古的蒙古族 (4.3%)、 湖南土家族(2.6%)、瑶族(2.2%)、怒族(1.8%); 没有发现YAP+的云南民族有拉祜族、哈尼族、阿昌族、独龙族、傈僳族、水族、布依族、佤族、布朗族、德昂族、满族、回族、蒙古族以及湖南白族. 33个群体的YAP+平均频率为9.2%, 与已报道中国人群的频率相符. YAP+频率在民族间有较大的差异, 同一民族的不同群体也不相同, 表现出明显的地理分布差异. 结合民族学、历史学和考古学的相关证据, 探讨了中国民族尤其云南各个少数民族现存格局的形成和发展历史.