全文获取类型
收费全文 | 543篇 |
免费 | 7篇 |
学科分类
自然科学 | 550篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 5篇 |
2018年 | 6篇 |
2017年 | 9篇 |
2016年 | 16篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 13篇 |
2013年 | 11篇 |
2012年 | 33篇 |
2011年 | 38篇 |
2010年 | 18篇 |
2008年 | 30篇 |
2007年 | 16篇 |
2006年 | 19篇 |
2005年 | 22篇 |
2004年 | 26篇 |
2003年 | 22篇 |
2002年 | 15篇 |
2001年 | 15篇 |
2000年 | 7篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 6篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1984年 | 5篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1973年 | 8篇 |
1972年 | 7篇 |
1971年 | 7篇 |
1970年 | 10篇 |
1969年 | 8篇 |
1968年 | 7篇 |
1967年 | 5篇 |
1966年 | 11篇 |
1965年 | 6篇 |
1964年 | 3篇 |
1959年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有550条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Ramsés Fuenmayor 《Systemic Practice and Action Research》1991,4(5):473-490
Both an ontoepistemology for reductionist modern science (counter-ontoepistemology) and an ontology for interpretive Systemology have been outlined in the two preceding papers in this special issue ofSystems Practice. In the present article, the notion of “truth” is interpreted in terms of both the ontoepistemology of “reductionism” and the ontology of interpretive systemology. Both interpretations are discussed. Such a discussion represents the objective of this paper, that is, to outline the epistemological “face” of the ontoepistemology of interpretive systemology. In order to design that “epistemological face,” the relation between ontology and epistemology must be clarified. Such a relation is seen from the standpoint already provided by the ontology. After the discussion on the notion of truth, the general shape of a systemic-interpretive inquiring process is outlined. 相似文献
2.
D. Migliore-Samour M. Delaforge M. Jaouen D. Mansuy P. Jollès 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1989,45(9):882-886
Summary Immunomodulating lipopeptides lauroyl-L-Ala--D-Glu-LL-A2pmNH2-Gly (RP 44.102) and lauroyl-L-Ala--D-Glu-LL-A2pmNH2 (RP 56.142) were found to protect mice against the hepatotoxicity of paracetamol, which is due to cytochrome P-450 dependent formation of toxic metabolites and radicals. In fact they decreased the amount of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450, and the level of CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation. In contrast lauroyl-L-Ala--D-Glu-DD-A2pmNH2 (RP 53.204), which only differs by the configuration of the two chiral carbons of A2pm (diaminopimelic acid) and is not an immunomodulating agent, failed to protect against poisoning by paracetamol and had no effect on the level of hepatic cytochrome P-450 or the microsomal CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation. This provides a clear connection between the immunostimulating properties of a compound and its effects on xenobiotic biotransformations. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
Sergio Porté Agrin Moeini Irene Reche Naeem Shafqat Udo Oppermann Jaume Farrés Xavier Parés 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2011,68(6):1065-1077
Human ζ-crystallin is a Zn2+-lacking medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (MDR) included in the quinone oxidoreductase (QOR) family because of its activity
with quinones. In the present work a novel enzymatic activity was characterized: the double bond α,β-hydrogenation of medium-chain
2-alkenals and 3-alkenones. The enzyme is especially active with lipid peroxidation products such as 4-hydroxyhexenal, and
a role in their detoxification is discussed. This specificity is novel in the QOR family, and it is similar to that described
in the distantly related alkenal/one reductase family. Moreover, we report the X-ray structure of ζ-crystallin, which represents
the first structure solved for a tetrameric Zn2+-lacking MDR, and which allowed the identification of the active-site lining residues. Docking simulations suggest a role
for Tyr53 and Tyr59 in catalysis. The kinetics of Tyr53Phe and Tyr59Phe mutants support the implication of Tyr53 in binding/catalysis
of alkenal/one substrates, while Tyr59 is involved in the recognition of 4-OH-alkenals. 相似文献
6.
7.
Ramon Masià 《Archive for History of Exact Sciences》2015,69(3):231-255
8.
Summary The disappearance of thrombin—formed in the blood, or added to serum-follows a manomolecular reaction-type. Heparin increases the reaction-velocity of this thrombin-inactivating process.Our investigation established that toluidine blue or kinase, which, according to the literature, bind heparin, strongly reduce the speed of thrombin-inactivation too. Therefore the heparin-binding capacity of these substances is also manifested in the decrease of thrombin-inactivation. 相似文献
9.
Functional cartography of complex metabolic networks 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
High-throughput techniques are leading to an explosive growth in the size of biological databases and creating the opportunity to revolutionize our understanding of life and disease. Interpretation of these data remains, however, a major scientific challenge. Here, we propose a methodology that enables us to extract and display information contained in complex networks. Specifically, we demonstrate that we can find functional modules in complex networks, and classify nodes into universal roles according to their pattern of intra- and inter-module connections. The method thus yields a 'cartographic representation' of complex networks. Metabolic networks are among the most challenging biological networks and, arguably, the ones with most potential for immediate applicability. We use our method to analyse the metabolic networks of twelve organisms from three different superkingdoms. We find that, typically, 80% of the nodes are only connected to other nodes within their respective modules, and that nodes with different roles are affected by different evolutionary constraints and pressures. Remarkably, we find that metabolites that participate in only a few reactions but that connect different modules are more conserved than hubs whose links are mostly within a single module. 相似文献
10.
Journal of Systems Science and Complexity - The idea of envelope of a family of plane curves is an elementary notion in differential geometry. As such, its implementation in dynamic geometry... 相似文献