Sequential Therapy Based on Evolvement of Patterns: A New Model for Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

In order to solve the problem of long-term (>9 months) efficacy in the treatment of Alzheimer''s disease (AD) by conventional therapy (CT), a staged and multiply-targeted sequential therapy based on the evolvement of patterns (STEP) was developed. Its main innovations include: (1) the time order of evolution of patterns defined by Chinese medicine (CM) in AD was found, that is, "the orderly pattern evolution starting from Shen (Kidney) deficiency, progressing to phlegm, stasis and fire, and worsening to severe toxin as well as functional collapse"; (2) the cascade hypothesis of Shen deficiency in AD and its sequential therapy based on Shen-reinforcing was proposed, that is, "reinforcing Shen in the early stage and throughout the whole process, resolving phlegm, activating blood and purging fire in the middle stage, detoxifying and replenishing vitality to stop the collapse in the advanced stage", and through meta-analysis, clinical drug use was optimized, thus the leap from "inferential selection" to "evidence-based selection" was realized; (3) the STEP regimen combined with CT maintained cognitive and behavioral stability in AD patients for at least 12 months, with cognitive enhancement and behavioral synergy after 9 months, and cognitive benefit was superior to CT at 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months, respectively. The 2-year cognitive improvement rate was increased by 25.64% (P=0.020) and the cognitive deterioration rate was decreased by 48.71% (P=0.000). Among them, the cognitive and functional benefits of Shen-reinforcing therapy for very early AD (350 cases) for 1 year were better than the placebo (P<0.001), and the dementia conversion rate was reduced by 8.85% (P=0.002). The behavioral symptomatic relief of patients with vascular dementia received fire-purging therapy (540 cases) was superior to those received CT (P=0.016). These data suggested that the STEP regimen has synergistic effects on CTs at least in terms of cognitive benefit, and the earlier the use, the greater the benefit will have. Therefore, the STEP regimen should be considered as one of the clinical options, particularly for the dearth of effective pharmaceutical or immunological interventions that are currently available for AD.     

An etiological and clinicopathological study of early syphilis in oropharynx]

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of the early stage treponema pallidum infected tissue in ear, nose, oropharynx and larynx and to raise relevance ratio of syphilis in nose and oropharynx and enhance doctor's self-protection awareness. METHODS: The histopathologic characteristics were studied by using HE staining, Warthin-Starry (W-S) staining was adopted to examine the treponema pallidum(TP) in lesion issue and its exudates smear for 12 cases biopsy tissues of suspicious syphilis. The diagnosis was confirmed by venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL), rapid plasma reagin circle test(RPR), treponema pallidum hemagglutination test(TPHA) and fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption test (FTA-ABS). Treat with curing syphilis methods which published by nation. RESULTS: In the 12 cases mucous membrane specimen, the squamous epithelium proliferated, neutrophilic granulocyte infiltrated, within inherent membrane generous plasmacyte and lymphocyte infiltrated. W-S staining: plenty of treponema pallidum were found inside mucous membrane epithelium and exudate smear. Serology examination: 11 cases VDRL(++++), 7 cases RPR (+), 11 cases TPHA(+), 1 case FTA-ABS(+). After systemic treatment, 11 cases are clinically recovered. All patients serology become negative. CONCLUSION: W-S staining method can directly demonstrate histopathologic characteristics in early syphilis, in intrinsic membrane numerous plasmacyte infiltration. Combining with specific syphilis serology examination could increase diagnosis rate of syphilis in nose and oropharynx.     

100例性病患者心理健康状况调查分析

目的：探讨性病患者的心理健康状况,为临床治疗和护理提供依据。方法：采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）对100例性病患者的心理健康状况进行测验。结果：100例性病患者SCL-90检测的阳性率为51%,阳性样本因子分居前的是敌对、强迫症状、抑郁、人际敏感。结论：性病患者广泛存在的心理问题,在药用治疗的同时应注意心理方面的治疗和疏导。     

Antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Recognized by Antibodies during Incipient, Subclinical Tuberculosis

Serum samples obtained from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected tuberculosis (TB) patients months prior to clinical TB were used to delineate the profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture filtrate proteins recognized during subclinical TB. A subset of ~12 antigens was recognized by antibodies in these serum samples. Antibodies to two of these antigens (81 [88]-kDa malate synthase [GlcB] and MPT51) were present in serum samples obtained during incipient subclinical TB in 19 (~90%) of the 21 HIV-infected TB patients tested. These antigens will be useful for devising diagnostic tests that can identify HIV-positive individuals who are at a high risk for developing clinical TB.     

红霉素对犬幽门括约肌压力影响及其与胃动素,生长抑素的关系

为探讨红霉素对犬幽门括约肌的作用及其机理，及其与血浆胃动素，生长抑素的关系。方法采用胃压力测量仪及放射免疫法，同步监测观察了１０条犬静脉滴ＥＭ前后和使用拮抗剂后的幽门压力、血浆ＭＴＬ，ＳＳ的变化，结论：ＥＭ具有增高犬胃幽门压力的作用，其作用机理除与血浆ＭＴＬ有着密切的关系外，血浆ＳＳ也可能共同参与了其调节机制。     

钕钇铝石榴石激光治疗后囊混浊（353例）

采用钕钆铝石榴石激光切除白内障囊外摘除术后１０１例后房人工晶体植入后２５２例的后囊混浊共３５３例，激光治疗疗后视力均明显提高，矫正视力＞１．０者占８２．４％，无１例＜０．５。无明显并发症。     

眼球挫伤与锌

从１９９１年１１月到１９９２年８月对５０例眼挫伤的血清锌进行测定，３６例异常占７２％，其中有眼底改变占７５％。视神经视网膜挫伤锌值增高。低锌影响杆细胞及锥细胞代谢致视力低下，低锌影响视色素合成及色素上皮代谢，造成伤后视网膜色紊乱。     

高频电磁场对工人行为功能的影响

采用世界卫生组织推荐的神经行为核心测试组合（ＷＨＯ－ＮＣＴＢ），对高频作业工人４１名（平均工龄１３．９ａ（年）及年龄、性别、文化程度与接触组相匹配的对照组工人３９名（平均工龄１３．３ａ）分别进行了行为功能测试。结果表明高频作业工人部分情感状态得分和某些行为功能得分与对照组相比差异有显著性。长期接触高频电磁场可能引起工人情感状态改变，记忆力减退、注意力分散及心理运动稳定度下降。     

A tumor-targeted and conditionally replicating oncolytic adenovirus vector expressing TRAIL for treatment of liver metastases.

We have constructed a new capsid-modified adenovirus (Ad) vector that specifically replicates in tumor cells and expresses TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). The Ad capsid contains short-shafted fibers derived from Ad serotype 35, which allow for efficient infection of malignant tumor cells, and largely avoids innate toxicity after intravenous application. Replication-dependent homologous recombination in Ad genomes was used to achieve tumor-specific expression of Ad E1a (to mediate viral replication) and TRAIL (to mediate apoptosis and enhance release of progeny virus from infected cells). We demonstrated that our oncolytic vector (Ad5/35.IR-E1A/TRAIL) induced apoptosis in human tumor cell lines derived from colorectal, lung, prostate, and liver cancer. Both in vitro and in vivo tumor models showed efficient intratumoral spread of this vector. In a model for metastatic colon cancer, tail vein infusion of Ad5/35.IR-E1A/TRAIL resulted in elimination of preestablished liver metastases. Intravenous injection of this vector caused a transient elevation of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase in tumor-bearing mice, which we attributed to factors released from apoptotic tumor cells. Liver histology analyzed at day 14 after virus injection did not show signs of hepatocellular damage. This new oncolytic vector represents a potentially efficient means for gene therapy of metastatic cancer.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定牛黄类中成药中胆汁酸的含量

反相高效液相色谱法测定牛黄类中成药中胆汁酸的含量倪坤仪，王建，陈健，郁建，屠树滋（中国药科大学２１０００９）含牛黄的中成药种类很多，在医疗中具有广泛的用途。中药牛黄中主要成分为胆汁酸和胆红素。本文主要研究用ＨＰＬＣ法测定牛黄以及含牛黄中成药中胆汁酸的...