颈椎内植入固定器生物力学性能测试系统的研究

在颈椎生物力学研究中,通过离体实验对颈椎内植入固定器的生物力学性能进行评价是国际上普遍采用并认可的方法.本研究利用多靶点三维运动跟踪系统和USB数据采集卡,以LabVIEW和Matlab为软件开发平台,构建了颈椎内植入固定器生物力学性能测试系统.测试参数包括三维运动角度范围(ROM)和压力载荷值.对颈椎模型的测试结果表明,本系统能有效地用于颈椎生物力学的离体实验测试.     

冠状动脉支架抗压缩性能的有限元分析

冠状动脉支架作为经皮穿刺冠状动脉成形术中保持病变血管畅通的核心器件。其对病变动脉壁的支撑作用如何是支架植入术成功的先决条件之一。依据冠脉支架抗压缩性能的实际测试原型，建立起对应的有限元模型，并利用此方法系统地研究了专利支架设计，其扩张尺度的不同和筋的尺寸变化对支架抵抗两平面压缩性能的影响。结果显示，随支架扩张直径的增大，其抵抗两平面压缩的作用减小，增加支架筋的宽度或厚度能够提高支架的抗压缩性能，且这两个方向尺寸的增加对提高抗压缩性能的作用相当。模拟与实验结果一致，表明有限元模拟可以在一定程度上替代支架原型测试工作。     

正确处理卫生工作的十大关系

该文提出了当前涉及整个卫生工作的十大关系,并就如何正确认识、正确处理这十大关系发表了自己的见解。     

急性脑肿胀去大骨瓣减压术后迟发性血肿

目的探讨外伤后急性脑肿胀去大骨瓣减压术后迟发性血肿的发病机制及临床表现，以提高该类病人的手术疗效。方法回顾性分析28例急性脑肿胀去大骨瓣减压术后迟发性颅内血肿病人的临床表现。结果外伤后急性脑肿胀去大骨瓣术后迟发性血肿的发生率为19．56％，术区继发硬膜外血肿10．87％。死亡率为32．12％。结论急性脑肿胀去大骨瓣术后迟发性血肿的发生率较高，多见于脑肿胀缓解病例，对术中出现的急性脑膨出和术后病情恶化应考虑到迟发性血肿的可能，早期的诊断是提高疗效的关键。     

关于心律失常教学课件的设计制作构想

介绍了一种基于计算机动画和视频剪辑技术的心律失常教学课件的设计思想、课件内容及演示特点。     

进口药品检验报告书上网工作的回顾与展望

2004年4月8日,全国口岸药品检验所(以下简称"口岸所")进口药品入关检验报告书(以下简称"进口报告书")上网工作会议在广州召开.这次会议,解决了目前我国口岸药品检验所进口报告书上网工作中存在的问题,制定了对各口岸药品检验所数据报送和管理的规范,为做好今后的进口报告书上网工作,使其规范化、制度化奠定了基础.     

INTRABEAM实施乳腺癌术中放疗系统临床应用观察(附20例报告)

目的:评价INTRABEAM术中放射治疗系统临床应用的安全性和优势.方法:INTRABEAM对20例保乳手术患者实施术中瘤床放疗,均为单次照射每次20Gy,施用器规格为4.5cm(范围1.5-5.0cm),治疗持续时间35.5-51分钟.结果:术中照射治疗后有3例发生治疗区局部积液,经抽吸并加压包扎后愈合,乳房水肿1例.结论:INTRABEAM术中放射治疗系统近期无明显毒副作用,INTRABEAM术中放射治疗系统是一项安全良好耐受性技术,病人乐于接受.     

以骨骼肌肉系统为例初探器官系统整合课程改革

通过在临床医学本科小班第三学期开展的骨骼肌肉系统整合课程为例,从建设以器官系统为中心的课程体系、教学内容整合思路、课程实施方案、课程优势、主要问题及改进措施五个方面进行详细阐述,初步探讨全线整合基础和临床学科器官系统整合课程改革的实施模式。总结并提出了撰写专用配套教材、转变教师传统教学观念、合理安排课程、保证学习效果、加深各学科知识融合度等亟需重视及解决的问题。为构建连贯完整的器官系统教学模式和知识体系,帮助学生更好地理解各学科之间的有机联系提供了参考和建议,器官系统整合课程改革取得了初步成效。     

Biomechanical Evaluation of Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion with Coflex‐F and Pedicle Screw Fixation: Finite Element Analysis of Static and Vibration Conditions

ObjectiveTo investigate the biomechanics of transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) with interspinous process device (IPD) or pedicle screw fixation under both static and vibration conditions by the finite element (FE) method.MethodA validated FE model of the L1‐5 lumbar spine was used in this study. This FE model derived from computed tomography images of a healthy female adult volunteer of appropriate age. Then the model was modified to simulate L3‐4 TLIF. Four conditions were compared: (i) intact; (ii) TLIF combined with bilateral pedicle screw fixation (BPSF); (iii) TLIF combined with U‐shaped IPD Coflex‐F (CF); and (iv) TLIF combined with unilateral pedicle screw fixation (UPSF). The intact and surgical FE models were analyzed under static and vibration loading conditions respectively. For static loading conditions, four motion modes (flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation) were simulated. For vibration loading conditions, the dynamic responses of lumbar spine under sinusoidal vertical load were simulated.ResultUnder static loading conditions, compared with intact case, BPSF decreased range of motion (ROM) by 92%, 95%, 89% and 92% in flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial rotation, respectively. While CF decreased ROM by 87%, 90%, 69% and 80%, and UPSF decreased ROM by 84%, 89%, 66% and 82%, respectively. Compared with CF, UPSF increased the endplate stress by 5%–8% in flexion, 7%–10% in extension, 2%–4% in lateral bending, and decreased the endplate stress by 16%–19% in axial rotation. Compared with CF, UPSF increased the cage stress by 9% in flexion, 10% in extension, and decreased the cage stress by 3% in lateral bending, and 13% in axial rotation. BPSF decreased the stress responses of endplates and cage compared with CF and UPSF. Compared BPSF, CF decreased the facet joint force (FJF) by 6%–13%, and UPSF decreased the FJF by 4%–12%. During vibration loading conditions, compared with BPSF, CF reduced maximum values of the FJF by 16%–32%, and vibration amplitudes by 22%–35%, while UPSF reduced maximum values by 20%–40%, and vibration amplitudes by 31%–45%.ConclusionCompared with other surgical models, BPSF increased the stability of lumbar spine, and also showed advantages in cage stress and endplate stress. CF showed advantages in IDP and FJF especially during vertical vibration, which may lead to lower risk of adjacent segment degeneration. CF may be an effective alternative to pedicle screw fixation in TLIF procedures.     

Regulating interface Schottky barriers toward a high-performance self-powered imaging photodetector

Two-dimensional (2D) layered organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites have attracted wide attention in high-performance optoelectronic applications due to their good stability and excellent optoelectronic properties. Here, a high-performance self-powered photodetector is realized based on an asymmetrical metal–semiconductor–metal (MSM) device structure (Pt-(PEA)₂PbI₄ SC-Ag), which introduces a strong built-in electric field by regulating interface Schottky barriers. Benefitting from excellent built-in electrical potential, the photodetector shows attractive photovoltaic properties without any power supply, including high photo-responsivity (114.07 mA W⁻¹), fast response time (1.2 μs/582 μs) and high detectivity (4.56 × 10¹² Jones). Furthermore, it exhibits high-fidelity imaging capability at zero bias voltage. In addition, the photodetectors show excellent stability by maintaining 99.4% of the initial responsivity in air after 84 days. This work enables a significant advance in perovskite SC photodetectors for developing stable and high-performance devices.

A facile method of regulating interface Schottky barriers is used for self-powered photodetectors. Benefitting from the excellent built-in electrical potential, the detector can exhibit high-fidelity imaging capability.