Effect of ion-beam treatment during reactive radio-frequency magnetron sputtering on the concentration and mobility of charge carriers in ITO films

It is shown that ion-beam treatment during the deposition of ITO films by reactive radio-frequency magnetron sputtering induces a decrease in the resistivity of the films even at room temperature. Variations in the Hall mobility and concentration of charge carriers are studied in relation to the condensation temperature and ion-beam treatment current. The resistivity decreases mainly because of an increase in the concentration of majority charge carriers. It is inferred that the change in the concentration of charge carriers is associated with {ie1237-1} defects.     

Structure,properties, and deformation behavior of corrosion-resistant steel 12Kh18N10T subjected to equal-channel angular pressing

The results of investigation into the evolution of structure, properties, and deformation behavior of corrosion-resistant steel 12Kh18N10T in the course of severe plastic deformation by equal-channel angular pressing are reported. The formation of a fibrous ultrafine-grained structure of the steel, its twofold hardening accompanied by a slight decrease in the plasticity, and changes in the cold-deformation mechanism are shown.     

Structure,phase transformations,mechanical characteristics,and cold resistance of low-carbon martensitic steels

Temper-resistant low-carbon Cr–Mn–Ni–Мо–V–Nb steels with concentrations of carbon of 0.15 and 0.27 wt % have been studied. It has been shown that, upon quenching, various morphological types of the α phase can be formed. The structure of the steels is stable in the course of heating below critical temperatures and remains a lath-type structure in the intercritical temperature range. Specific features of structural and phase transformations, as well as the dependence of the mechanical characteristics of the steels, on the tempering temperature have been determined.     

Simulation of Sensitive Element Found on Planar Mushroom-Shaped Metamaterial for Nondestructive Testing and Searching for Inhomogeneities in Technological Media

Measurement Techniques - A computer model of a sensitive element on a planar mushroom-shaped metamaterial with Maltese cross-type cells is created. Results of a numerical experiment are presented....     

Ways of devising low-waste technology in units for freeing gas-air mixtures from hydrogen sulfide and carbon disulfide

Conclusions A calculation of the coefficient of utilization of material resources performed for the gas clean-up works of one of the plants in the sub-branch — the Cherkassk Khimvolokno Sci.-Ind. Assoc. (for the gas purifiers of the first and second manufacturing units) — has shown that, at present, the waste-freedom coefficient is 0.64. Thereupon, this gas clean-up works has been assigned to the ordinary manufacturing category.On transition of the gas clean-up units to low-waste technology on introduction of the measures indicated above, the waste-freedom coefficient is increased to 0.8 and the gas clean-up works becomes a low-waste operation.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 3–5, November–December, 1988.     

Selective reduction of nitrogen oxides by hydrocarbons on hydrotalcite Co and Ni catalysts

Hydrotalcitelike Co-Al and Ni-Al catalysts of different compositions (with the atomic ratio M ²⁺/Al³⁺ = 0.5–3.0) were studied in the reaction of selective reduction of NO by propane, propylene, and n-decane in the presence of O₂. The higher activity of the catalysts with M ²⁺/Al³⁺ = 0.5 is connected with high dispersity of Ni or Co cations stabilized by a significant amount of Al³⁺ ions. Propylene was shown to be the most efficient reducing agent for nitrogen oxide. The highest degree of conversion to the extent of 90–99% was attained at 400 and 420–440°C for Ni-Al and Co-Al samples, respectively. When propane and decane were used as reducing agents, the conversion of both catalysts was characterized by the volcano-shaped dependence on temperature due to the fact that the catalyst took part in the concurrent reaction of hydrocarbon (reducing agent) oxidation. Hydrotalcitelike materials are promising representatives of inexpensive bi- and multicomponent systems. The design strategy for new active catalysts for processes of purification of gas exhausts from NO _x , that are stable in the presence of water and sulfur oxides, may be based on usage of hydrotalcites with modified ions introduced into them.     

Growth of transparent electrical conducting films of indium and tin oxides by chemical vapor deposition

ITO structures (indium and tin oxides)/glass characterized by high conductivity and transparency and a thickness of up to 3 μm applicable for the fabrication of solar cells on their basis were grown by the chemical vapor deposition technique in a quasi-closed volume using a separate evaporator.