Finite element analysis of advanced multilayer capacitors

We establish a systematic methodology to design and analyse electromagnetic components such as advanced multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) using the finite element (FE) method. We employ a coupled formulation to compute the interaction between the electric and magnetic fields. Unlike a linear distribution of current assumed in the circuit model, an accurate electrostatic solution to model the entire advanced MLCCs (4 × 4 × 27 = 432 cells) is presented. The FE solution is used to compute the lumped parameters for a range of frequencies. These lumped parameters are then used to compute the parasitic elements of the MLCCs. We introduce two algorithms to efficiently analyse the behaviour of a capacitor with changing frequency. The lower frequency (much below the self‐resonant frequency of the capacitor) algorithm separates the effect of the electric and magnetic fields and reduces the computational effort required to solve the FE problem, whereas, the high‐frequency algorithm couples the effect between the electric and the magnetic fields. We use these algorithms in conjunction with a new multiple scale technique to effectively determine the small values of R, L and C in MLCCs. The formulation, the implementation, and the numerical results demonstrate the efficacy of the present FE formulation and establish a systematic methodology to design and analyse advanced electromagnetic components. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Integrated Personal Mobility Architecture: A Complete Personal Mobility Solution

The high expectations and demand for users to access the Internet from anywhere at anytime has made user mobility an important part of the design and development of the next generation mobile communications and computing. Traditionally user mobility has been divided into two areas: Terminal Mobility and Personal Mobility. In recent years terminal mobility has focused on the movement of the terminal and developed extensions to IP protocols such as Mobile IP. In contrast, personal mobility has only received limited attention, and is somewhat lagging behind. This research has either focussed on personal mobility in communications or personalisation of operating environments. As a result, to date no framework for providing true personal mobility has emerged. In this paper, we introduce a new personal mobility framework called IPMoA (Integrated Personal Mobility Architecture), which integrates both aspects of personal mobility to provide a complete personal mobility solution, and illustrate the viability of this approach through a proof-of-concept implementation.     

On teletraffic applications to OBS

We provide teletraffic models for loss probability evaluation of optical burst switching (OBS). We show that the popular Engset formula is not exact for OBS modeling and demonstrate that in certain cases it is not appropriate. A new exact model is provided. The various models are compared using numerical results for various OBS alternatives with and without burst segmentation.     

Les enjeux économiques de ľinterconnexion des réseaux

The network interconnection and its regulation consist in solving the following dilemma: increase competition and preserve the universal service through access charges, which symbolizes today institutional organization within the telecommunication industry. This paper presents some of the economic and social factors that drive the interconnection policies namely ona (open network architecture) in the United States, or onp (open network provision) in Europe. In the first section, we list some social and economical issues related to open network policies. In the second section, we study the different answers brought up by the regulator through alternative interconnection price formulas. In conclusion, we discuss the stakes and risks of interconnection, while the technological evolution of network introduces intelligent software in switching équipement and implements the tremendous abilities of the digital broadband networks.     

Adaptive space-time reduced-length MMSE receiver for interferencesuppression in DS/CDMA

The authors present an adaptive space-time reduced-length minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) receiver to suppress co-channel interference in the near-far environment for an asynchronous direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS/CDMA) system. Simulation results show that better bit-error rate and faster and more stable convergence are achieved over the existing full- and reduced-length MMSE receivers     

Effect of surface-modifying macromolecules and solvent evaporation time on the performance of polyethersulfone membranes for the separation of chloroform/water mixtures by pervaporation

Polyethersulfone (PES) membranes using different evaporation periods were fabricated by the phase-inversion method. Pervaporation experiments were conducted for chloroform/water mixtures to determine the selectivity of the PES membranes. It was found that chloroform could be concentrated in the permeate from chloroform/water binary feed mixtures by PES membranes prepared using longer evaporation periods, and that the selectivity of PES membranes in pervaporation could be reversed by shorter evaporation periods. This study also showed that by adding surface-modifying macromolecules (SMM) up to 1 wt % into the casting solution, chloroform enrichment in the permeate could be increased by 50%. Chloroform enrichment increased with increasing SMM concentration until an optimal value, after which the enrichment decreased. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Covering codes with improved density

We prove a general recursive inequality concerning /spl mu//sup */(R), the asymptotic (least) density of the best binary covering codes of radius R. In particular, this inequality implies that /spl mu//sup */(R)/spl les/e/spl middot/(RlogR+logR+loglogR+2), which significantly improves the best known density 2/sup R/R/sup R/(R+1)/R!. Our inequality also holds for covering codes over arbitrary alphabets.     

Efficient reconstruction from non-uniform point sets

We propose a method for non-uniform reconstruction of 3D scalar data. Typically, radial basis functions, trigonometric polynomials or shift-invariant functions are used in the functional approximation of 3D data. We adopt a variational approach for the reconstruction and rendering of 3D data. The principle idea is based on data fitting via thin-plate splines. An approximation by B-splines offers more compact support for fast reconstruction. We adopt this method for large datasets by introducing a block-based reconstruction approach. This makes the method practical for large datasets. Our reconstruction will be smooth across blocks. We give reconstruction measurements as error estimations based on different parameter settings and also an insight on the computational effort. We show that the block size used in reconstruction has a negligible effect on the reconstruction error. Finally we show rendering results to emphasize the quality of this 3D reconstruction technique.