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1.
Michael Gelfer Carlos Avila‐orta Lizhi Liu Ling Yang Benjamin Chu Benjamin S. Hsiao Hyun H. Song Mayu Si Miriam Rafailovich Andy H. Tsou 《Polymer Engineering and Science》2002,42(9):1841-1851
A series of nanocomposites prepared by melt‐blending of cloisite‐based organoclays with poly(ethylene‐vinylacetate) (EVA) and neutralized poly (ethylene‐methacrylic acid) (EMA) copolymers were investigated via DSC, small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), and rheological techniques. SAXS results indicated partial clay exfoliation in all samples. In both EMA and EVA systems, the nominal melting temperature Tm and bulk crystallinity are not significantly affected by the presence of organoclays, suggesting that clay particles are predominantly confined in the amorphous phase. In rheological measurements (above Tm), the EVA‐clay system demonstrated a solid‐like rheological behavior under the small‐strain oscillatory shear, yet it was able to yield and flow under a steady shear, which is the characteristic of physical crosslinking. In contrast, the EMA‐clay system exhibited a melt‐like rheological behavior, where the influence of organoclay on the thermorheological behavior of the EMA composite was quite minimal. We propose that the carbonyl groups of vinylacetate in EVA interact with the clay surface, resulting in a strong physically crosslinking like interaction in the melt. On the other hand, the interaction between EMA and clay is weak because of repulsion between carboxyl anions and negatively charged clay surface. 相似文献
2.
Mayu Iwata Hiroki Miyamoto Takahiro Hara Daijiro Komaki Kentaro Shimatani Tomohiro Mashita Kiyoshi Kiyokawa Toshiaki Uemukai Gen Hattori Shojiro Nishio Haruo Takemura 《Personal and Ubiquitous Computing》2013,17(5):1035-1050
People routinely carry mobile devices in their daily lives and obtain a variety of information from the Internet in many different situations. In searching for information (content) with a mobile device, a user’s activity (e.g., moving or stationary) and context (e.g., commuting in the morning or going downtown in the evening) often change, and such changes can affect the user’s degree of concentration on his or her mobile device’s display and information needs. Therefore, a search system should provide the user with an amount of information suitable for the current activity and a type of information suitable for the current context. In this study, we present the design and implementation of a content search system that considers a mobile user’s activity and context, with the goal of reducing the user’s operation load for content search. The proposed system switches between two kinds of content search systems according to the user’s activity: the location-based content search system is activated when the user is stationary (e.g., standing and sitting), while a menu-based content search system is activated when the user is moving (e.g., walking). Both systems present information according to user context. The location-based system presents detailed information via menus and a map according to location-based categories. The menu-based system presents only a few options to enable users to get content easily. Through user experiments, we confirmed that participants could get desired information more easily with this system than with a commercial search system. 相似文献
3.
Tatsuhide Hayashi Masaki Asakura Mayu Kawase Masakazu Matsubara Yasuaki Uematsu Akimichi Mieki Tatsushi Kawai 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(13)
This study aimed to induce bone-like tissue from immature muscular tissue (IMT) in vitro using commercially available recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein (rhBMP)-2, rhBMP-4, and rhBMP-7, and then implanting this tissue into a calvarial defect in rats to assess healing. IMTs were extracted from 20-day-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) fetal rats, placed on expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) with 10 ng/μL each of rhBMP-2, BMP-4, and BMP-7, and cultured for two weeks. The specimens were implanted into calvarial defects in 3-week-old SD rats for up to three weeks. Relatively strong radiopacity was observed on micro-CT two weeks after culture, and bone-like tissue, comprising osteoblastic cells and osteoids, was partially observed by H&E staining. Calcium, phosphorus, and oxygen were detected in the extracellular matrix using an electron probe micro analyzer, and X-ray diffraction patterns and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra of the specimen were found to have typical apatite crystal peaks and spectra, respectively. Furthermore, partial strong radiopacity and ossification were confirmed one week after implantation, and a dominant novel bone was observed after two weeks in the defect site. Thus, rhBMP-2, BMP-4, and BMP-7 differentiated IMT into bone-like tissue in vitro, and this induced bone-like tissue has ossification potential and promotes the healing of calvarial defects. Our results suggest that IMT is an effective tissue source for bone tissue engineering. 相似文献
4.
Tolulope Peter Saliu Nao Yazawa Kotaro Hashimoto Kenshu Miyata Ayane Kudo Mayu Horii Mion Kamesawa Thanutchaporn Kumrungsee Noriyuki Yanaka 《International journal of molecular sciences》2022,23(2)
The early detection of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in mice is necessary for the development of drugs and functional foods. The purpose of this study was to identify genes that are significantly upregulated in the early stage of DN progression and develop a novel model to non-invasively monitor disease progression within living animals using in vivo imaging technology. Streptozotocin (STZ) treatment has been widely used as a DN model; however, it also exhibits direct cytotoxicity to the kidneys. As it is important to distinguish between DN-related and STZ-induced nephropathy, in this study, we compared renal responses induced by the diabetic milieu with two types of STZ models: multiple low-dose STZ injections with a high-fat diet and two moderate-dose STZ injections to induce DN. We found 221 genes whose expression was significantly altered during DN development in both models and identified serum amyloid A3 (Saa3) as a candidate gene. Next, we applied the Saa3 promoter-driven luciferase reporter (Saa3-promoter luc mice) to these two STZ models and performed in vivo bioluminescent imaging to monitor the progression of renal pathology. In this study, to further exclude the possibility that the in vivo bioluminescence signal is related to renal cytotoxicity by STZ treatment, we injected insulin into Saa3-promoter luc mice and showed that insulin treatment could downregulate renal inflammatory responses with a decreased signal intensity of in vivo bioluminescence imaging. These results strongly suggest that Saa3 promoter activity is a potent non-invasive indicator that can be used to monitor DN progression and explore therapeutic agents and functional foods. 相似文献
5.
Tanaka T Tanaka M Tanaka T Ishigamori R 《International journal of molecular sciences》2010,11(9):3209-3225
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common epithelial malignancy in the world. Since CRC develops slowly from removable precancerous lesions, detection of the lesion at an early stage by regular health examinations can reduce the incidence and mortality of this malignancy. Colonoscopy significantly improves the detection rate of CRC, but the examination is expensive and inconvenient. Therefore, we need novel biomarkers that are non-invasive to enable us to detect CRC quite early. A number of validation studies have been conducted to evaluate genetic, epigenetic or protein markers for identification in the stool and/or serum. Currently, the fecal occult blood test is the most widely used method of screening for CRC. However, advances in genomics and proteomics will lead to the discovery of novel non-invasive biomarkers. 相似文献
6.
Tomoko Okuyama Jun Shirakawa Kazuki Tajima Yoko Ino Heidrun Vethe Yu Togashi Mayu Kyohara Ryota Inoue Daisuke Miyashita Jinghe Li Nozomi Goto Taiga Ichikawa Shingo Yamasaki Haruka Ohnuma Rie Takayanagi Yayoi Kimura Hisashi Hirano Yasuo Terauchi 《International journal of molecular sciences》2020,21(21)
7.
Mayu Muramatsu Yoshihisa Harada Takayuki Suzuki Hiroyuki Niino 《Advanced Composite Materials》2016,25(2):143-158
In this study, the correlation between the stress–strain behavior of a carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) and the temperature at which the heat-affected zone (HAZ) is generated is investigated. First, CFRP ([?45/45]2s laminate) specimens were heated at several temperatures to induce thermal damage, i.e. a HAZ. Subsequently, tensile tests were conducted on the specimens with thermal damage. Then, microscopy and X-ray measurements were carried out to discuss the stress–strain responses from a microscopic viewpoint. The results of strain measurement during thermal treatment indicated that the strain increases with increasing temperature. The tensile tests showed that the CFRP specimens subjected to thermal damage during heating at a high temperature fractured in the ductile mode, whereas the fracture mode of the CFRP specimens with low-temperature thermal damage was discontinuous. Microstructure observation using X-ray tomography showed that the debonding between the carbon fibers and the resin matrix induced by heating to above the glass transition temperature was responsible for the continuous fracture mode. 相似文献
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9.
Mayu Niwa Yayoi Suzuki Jun Yoshinaga Chiho Watanabe Yoshifumi Mizumoto 《Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds》2013,33(1):16-27
The effect of prenatal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at the environmental level on birth size was examined. The concentration of 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) in spot urine samples collected from 50 pregnant women in Tokyo was measured and was related to birth weight, length, and head circumference of the newborns the subjects delivered. Analysis of inter- and intra-individual variation in 1-OHP concentration in spot urine samples from non-smoking subjects revealed that single spot urine can represent the subject's exposure to PAHs over several weeks and utility of spot urine for assessing PAHs exposure level of non-smokers was indicated. Geometric mean urinary concentration of 1-OHP of the subjects was 0.056 μmol/mol creatinine, and smoking mothers (n = 7) excreted more 1-OHP (0.200 μmol/mol-cre) than non-smoking mothers (0.046 μmol/mol-cre). Multiple regression analysis using birth outcomes as the dependent variable and urinary 1-OHP and other covariates as independent variables revealed that urinary 1-OHP was not a significant variable to explain birth outcomes among non-smoking mothers. 相似文献
10.
Mami Ogimoto Kumi Suzuki Nahoko Haneishi Yuu Kikuchi Mayu Takanashi Naoko Tomioka 《Food Additives and Contaminants: Part B: Surveillance Communications》2016,9(3):185-190
Aluminium (Al) levels of 90 food samples were investigated. Nineteen samples contained Al levels exceeding the tolerable weekly intake (TWI) for young children [body weight (bw): 16 kg] when consuming two servings/week. These samples were purchased multiple times at specific intervals and were evaluated for Al levels. Al was detected in 27 of the 90 samples at levels ranging from 0.01 (limit of quantitation) to 1.06 mg/g. Of these, the Al intake levels in two samples (cookie and scone mix, 1.3 and 2 mg/kg bw/week, respectively) exceeded the TWI as established by European Food Safety Authority, although the level in the scone mix was equivalent to the provisional TWI (PTWI) as established by Joint Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives. The Al levels markedly decreased in 14 of the 19 samples with initially high Al levels. These results indicated reductions in the Al levels to below the PTWI limits in all but two previously identified food samples. 相似文献