Effects of Rare Earths on Toughness of 31Mn2SiRE Wear-Resistance Cast Steel

The toughness of 31Mn2SiRE wear-resistance cast steel were increased by means of RE compound modification and high temperature austenitizing. The results show that the microstructures can be refined, needle and network ferrite are eliminated, the dislocation density and the quantity of dislocated martensite are increased remarkably, and the shape and distribution of inclusions are improved by the addition of RE. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the modified steel can be greatly increased, especially the toughness (αK) by 44%, yield strength (σs) by 10%, and elongation (δ5) by 42%.     

Synthesis of amphiphilic magnetic microspheres by dispersion copolymerization of styrene and poly(ethylene oxide) macromonomer

Amphiphilic magnetic microspheres ranging in diameter from 5 to 100 µm were prepared by dispersion copolymerization of styrene and poly(ethylene oxide) vinylbenzyl (PEO‐VB) macromonomer (MPEO) in the presence of Fe₃O₄ magnetic fluid. The effects of various polymerization parameters on the average particle size were systematically investigated. The average particle size was found to increase with increasing styrene concentration and initiator concentration. It also increased with decreasing stabilizer concentration and molecular weight of MPEO. The content of the hydroxyl groups localized in the microspheres ranged from 0.01 to 0.2 mmol g^?1. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

P(DBF-VA)型柴油低温流动性改进剂的研制

针对新疆地产柴油蜡含量较高的特点,以游离基聚合法合成了富马酸双链混合酯和醋酸乙烯酯共聚物型[P(DBF-VA)]柴油低温流动改进剂,利用正交实验研究了单体配比,引发剂用量,溶剂用量,聚合温度对聚合物降冷滤效果的影响。共聚物用IR进行表征,利用XRD初步探讨了该降凝剂的降凝机理。结果表明:该剂能使吐哈—10~#、0~#柴油冷滤点降低10℃和7℃;使独山子0~#柴油冷滤点下降12℃;使石化0~#柴油冷滤点下降8℃;使克拉玛依0~#柴油的冷滤点下降8℃。     

磁场对石油污水管线钢的腐蚀行为研究

采用第3代永磁材料NdFeB(钕铁硼),研究了在施加永磁场条件下,模拟油田污水介质对20号钢的腐蚀过程,采用增重法、X射线衍射以及电化学方法对磁场作用下石油污水管线钢的腐蚀行为进行分析和评价。研究结果表明,磁场对Fe3O4的形成、自腐蚀电位正移幅度有促进作用,磁场对腐蚀产物的增重率影响较大,但它们与磁感应强度之间存在着极值关系。     

哈得4联合站技术改造

位于塔克拉玛干大沙漠腹地的哈得4油田,2004年成为全国最大的沙漠油田,2005年产量达到200×104t。在对联合站存在问题逐一分析的基础上,提出了技术改造的措施。现场采集的运行数据表明技术改造效果明显,增强了流程可靠性,提高了自动化水平,降低了能耗。     

一种制氢预转化催化剂还原的新方法

对上海高桥分公司2×10~4m~3/h(标准状态)制氢装置原设计的预转化催化剂还原流程进行了改进。先跳开预转化反应器,利用转化炉制取氢气,再用自产的高纯氢气代替重整氢,对预转化催化剂进行单独升温还原,避免了催化剂在还原初期因发生甲烷化反应而超温失活的问题,使催化剂具有更好的活性和稳定性。     

丙烯醛制备1,3-丙二醇的中型试验研究

对丙烯醛水合、加氢制1，3-丙二醇工艺进行了中试研究，主要对小试技术的可靠性进行验证。结果表明，丙烯醛经水合、加氢制1，3-丙二醇的工艺技术可行，反应器、精馏塔等设备设计合理。中试丙烯醛水合单程转化率为45％～55％，3-羟基丙醛选择性达到了93％左右，3-羟基丙醛加氢收率接近100％，产品1，3-丙二醇的醛基质量分数降至5μg／g以下。与小试结果相比较，中试的水合选择性明显提高，加氢催化剂活性寿命延长。     

在二(2-乙基己基)磷酸钠的微乳液中金属萃合物对水增溶的影响

测算了由二（2－乙基己基）磷酸钠，金属盐（CoSO4,NiSO4,ZnSO4,MgCl2或Cr(NO3)3)水溶液，正辛醇和正辛烷组成的微乳液中正辛醇从连续油相到界面的ΔGo→i^o和水的极限增容量φ'H2O。用金属萃取络合物反胶束的形成及其亲油性解释了金属离子对φ'H2O和ΔGo→i^o的影响。     

Evaluation of a compound probability model with tower-mountedscatterometer data

Six months of data from the YSCAT94 experiment conducted at the CCIW WAVES research platform on Lake Ontario, Canada, are analyzed to evaluate a compound probability model. YSCAT was an ultrawideband small footprint (≈1 m) microwave scatterometer that operated at frequencies of 2-18 GHz, incidence angles from 0° to 60°, both h-pol and v-pol, and which tracked the wind using simultaneous weather measurements. The probability distribution function of the measured instantaneous backscattered amplitude (p(a)) is compared to theoretical distributions developed from-the composite model and a simple wave spectrum. Model parameters of the resulting Rayleigh/generalized lognormal distribution probability density function (pdf) (C, a₁ , and a₂) are derived directly from the data and are found to demonstrate relationships with wind speed, incidence angle, and radar frequency