Correction to: Where do university graduates live? – a computer vision approach using satellite images

Applied Intelligence - A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-021-02433-z     

Channel trellis codes for precoded partial-response 1-D channel

A computer aided search was used to determine trellis matched codes with a large d_free for precoded 1-D channels. Besides the d_free criterion, additional criteria were: first spectral line multiplicity, cumulative multiplicity of the initial portion of distance spectrum and identical symbol runlength     

An efficient two-digit adaptive delta modulation for Laplacian source coding

Delta Modulation (DM) is a simple waveform coding algorithm used mostly when timely data delivery is more important than the transmitted data quality. While the implementation of DM is fairly simple and inexpensive, it suffers from several limitations, such as slope overload and granular noise, which can be overcome using Adaptive Delta Modulation (ADM). This paper presents novel 2-digit ADM with six-level quantization using variable-length coding, for encoding the time-varying signals modelled by Laplacian distribution. Two variants of quantizer are employed, distortion-constrained quantizer which is optimally designed for minimal mean-squared error (MSE), and rate-constrained quantizer, which is suboptimal in the minimal MSE sense, but enables minimal loss in SQNR for the target bit rate. Experimental results using real speech signal are provided, indicating that the proposed configuration outperforms the baseline ADM algorithms, including Constant Factor Delta Modulation (CFDM), Continuously Variable Slope Delta Modulation (CVSDM), 2-digit and 2-bit ADM, and operates in a much wider dynamic range.     

Where do university graduates live? – A computer vision approach using satellite images

In this article, we examine to what extent the settlement of university graduates can be derived from satellite images. We apply a convolutional neural network (CNN) to grid images of a city and predict five density classes of university graduates at a micro level (250 m × 250 m grid size). The CNN reaches an accuracy rate of 40.5% (random approach: 20%). Furthermore, the accuracy increases to 78.3% when considering a one-class deviation compared to the true class. We also examine the predictability of inhabited and uninhabited grid cells, where we achieve an accuracy of 95.3% using the same CNN. From this, we conclude that there is information that correlates with graduate density that can be derived by analysing only satellite images. The findings show the high potential of computer vision for urban and regional economics. Particularly in data-poor regions, the approach utilised facilitates comparative analytics and provides a possible solution for the modifiable aerial unit (MAU) problem. The MAU problem is a statistical bias that can influence the results of a spatial data analysis of point-estimate data that is aggregated in districts of different shapes and sizes, distorting the results.

     

Protein profiles and total antioxidant capacity of water‐soluble and water‐insoluble fractions of white brined goat cheese at different stages of ripening

This study deals with proteolysis and total antioxidant capacity of proteins of white brined cheese prepared from overheated goat milk and ripened for fifty days. Proteolytic changes were reflected through the relatively low level of soluble nitrogen (50 days ripened cheese had 15.32 g/100 g of water‐soluble nitrogen, 8.1 g/100 g of TCA‐soluble nitrogen and 2.69 g/100 g of PTA‐SN), intensive proteolysis of α_s2‐CN during initial 10 days of ripening (up to 50.70% of initial content) and its much slower degradation through further 40 days, slow but continual decrease of β‐CN content (up to 85.14% of residual content) and high level of proteolytic products tightly bounded into gel network. Total antioxidant capacity of water‐soluble and water‐insoluble fractions increased after cheese ripening. These findings could be useful for better understanding and control over the production of white brined goat cheese as highly valuable functional product.     

Application of MTR soft-decision decoding in multiple-head magnetic recording systems

Application of a simple approach for the soft-decision decoding of Maximum-Transition-Run (MTR) codes has been presented in this paper. A lowdemanded hardware realization have been proposed for soft-decision decoding in MTR basic AND, OR and XOR logic circuits. The suggested approach is explored over the two-track, two-head E²PR4 partial response magnetic recording system. The overall two-track channel detection complexity reduction of 41·9% is offered in simulation scheme, encoded by Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) code, serially concatenated with inner MTR. The 1·9 dB coding gain has been obtained, comparing to uncoded channel and assuming the AWGN noise presence.     

PZT-nickel ferrite and PZT-cobalt ferrite comparative study: Structural,dielectric, ferroelectric and magnetic properties of composite ceramics

Comparative study of different PZT-based composite materials ((x)PbZr_0.52Ti_0.48O₃ + (1-x)CoFe₂O₄ and (x)PbZr_0.52Ti_0.48O₃ +(1-x)Ni_0.7Zn_0.3Fe₂O₄ (x = 0.8 and 0.9)) is presented in the frame of structural, dielectric, ferroelectric and magnetic properties. PZT and NZF/CF powders were synthesized by auto combustion technique. The composites were synthesized by mixing the appropriate amount of individual phases using conventional sintering. XRD data indicated the formation of well crystallized structure of PZT and NZF/CF, without the presence of undesirable phases. SEM micrographs revealed a uniform grain distribution of both, ferroelectric and ferromagnetic phases. Non-saturated hysteresis loops are evident in all samples due to the existence of non-ferroelectric ferrite phase. All the samples exhibit typical ferromagnetic hysteresis loop, indicating the presence of the order magnetic structure. Dielectric investigations revealed that ferrites are the main source of charge carriers, which must be of electronic origin. The activation energy of effective electrical resistivity is heavily influenced by the ferroelectric phase.     

Separating Business Process from User Interaction in Web-Based Information Commerce

In Web-based information commerce it is diffcult to disentangle presentation from process logic, and sometimes even data is not separate from the presentation. Consequently, it becomes crucial to define an abstract model for business processes and their mapping into an active user interface presentation, using the principle of separation of concern. We endeavor to extend XSLT to accommodate the separation of process information from the data structure and presentation. We support declarative design further by a language designed to concisely specify information commerce processes. The isolation of the aspects of data, process and presentation makes it easier for developers to work independently and to focus on their primary responsibility.     

Inefficiency of storm water inlets as a source of urban floods.

The paper attempts to explain sources of surplus storm water runoff in urban areas, particularly in relation with functioning of inlets. Inlet capacity (quantity of captured water) and inlet efficiency (portion of the approaching flow rate) have been defined and their relationship with relevant parameters (approaching flow, longitudinal and lateral street slopes) was established through laboratory measurements. Effects of clogging of inlets on inlet capacity were also investigated in laboratory conditions. As a consequence of decreased inlet efficiency, there is a portion of approaching flow that is not captured by the inlet (pass-over flow). If the pass-over flow is considered along a street having numerous inlets, it is easy to estimate the quantity of flow that would accumulate on the pavement. Inlet inefficiency can be significant when overestimation of inlet capacity results in increased distance between consecutive inlets, and when clogging of grates or inadequate placing of inlets causes significant decrease in inlet capacity.