乳酸及降钙素原对一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病的预测价值

目的探讨检测血乳酸、降钙素原和联合检测对急性一氧化碳中毒后迟发性脑病(DEACMP)的预测价值。 方法随机抽取我院在急诊科收住院的ACMP患者70例,随访3个月,以其中发生DEACMP患者10例为DEACMP组,其余60例为非DEACMP组,随机抽取同期笔者医院40例健康体检者为对照组。对患者立即行动脉血Lac和血清PCT检测,并计算Lac和PCT诊断DEACMP的灵敏度、特异度。 结果DEACMP组血Lac和PCT检测值均明显高于非DEACMP和对照组,差异有统计学意义(采用秩和检验,P<0.05);检测异常率亦明显高于非DEACMP组及对照组,差异有统计学意义(采用χ²检验,P<0.05)。Lac和PCT升高预测DEACMP的敏感度均为90.0% ,特异度分别为50.0%和65.0% ,准确性分别为55.7%和68.6%。联合检测时若其中1个指标为阳性时即预测DEACMP发病,则联合检测的敏感度为100.0%,特异度为41.7%,阳性预测值为21.7%,阴性预测值为100.0%,准确性为71.4%。 结论DEACMP患者早期动脉血Lac和PCT均明显升高,PCT诊断价值优于Lac,联合检测较单项指标检测对DEACMP发病预测价值更理想。     

高频能量对心肌缺血预适应的检测价值

目的探讨缺血预适应(PC)心电高频能量的变化规律和缺血预适应的机制。方法应用家兔缺血预适应模型和急性心肌梗死模型分析不同时间点心电QRS波三维频谱的高频能量变化特征。结果Ⅰ组(PC)梗塞面积显著小于Ⅱ组(AMI组)(P<0.05),心电高频能量呈动态的变化过程,Ⅰ组(PC)W值在各点均低于Ⅱ组(AMI组)(P<0.05)且上升时间晚,上升幅度小。结论缺血预适应降低心肌能量消耗,使心肌在低能量水平维持较低的能量代谢水平,反映在心电高频能量上W值在低值变化,且变化剧烈程度降低,这也许是PC保护机制之一。     

靶向葡萄糖代谢以外营养物质的纳米药物在肿瘤饥饿治疗中的应用

饥饿治疗是一种新兴的肿瘤治疗手段,其靶向肿瘤细胞异常活跃的营养物质吸收和代谢途径,抑制和杀伤肿瘤。除了葡萄糖以外,饥饿治疗的靶点也包括肿瘤细胞内的其他营养物质。然而,靶向效率较差以及药物耐受等问题可能会影响其临床转化。近年来,纳米材料辅助的饥饿治疗快速发展,可以部分解决上述问题。本文介绍了一系列具有饥饿治疗作用以及将饥饿治疗与其他疗法相结合的纳米药物,其靶向葡萄糖代谢以外的营养物质,包括乳酸、氨基酸和脂质,为进一步开发具有饥饿治疗作用的纳米药物提供参考。     

Bio-inspired antifogging PDMS coupled micro-pillared superhydrophobic arrays and SiO2 coatings

In this work, inspired by some typical creatures from nature with superhydrophobic surfaces, a bio-inspired antifogging PDMS is designed and fabricated successfully using UV lithography and a template method. First, we fabricated an SU-8 layer with a bio-inspired micro-pillared array (MPA) using traditional UV lithography. Then, it was used as a template to fabricate a PDMS film (PF). After that, it was chemically modified with SiO₂ coatings. It was found that the PF coupled with sprayed SiO₂ coatings and a MPA have a higher water contact angle (CA) of 158° and a lower contact angle hysteresis (CAH) of less than 2°. Water drops can be separated from this bio-inspired PDMS surface within 86.8 ms. More importantly, this film’s antifogging property is superior, with a recovery time of less than 13 s, which is significantly superior to that of the flat PF and the PF with the MPA. Afterwards, FTIR was applied to analyse the surface chemistry features and suggested that the bio-inspired PF has extremely low surface tension. So, it can be confirmed that an excellent superhydrophobic antifogging property has been achieved on the surface of the PF. Meanwhile, the microscopic and macroscopic dynamic movement behaviour of the fog drops was further observed. Then, the underlying antifogging mechanism was also revealed. These properties mainly benefit from the coupling effect of intermolecular attraction of droplets, chemical compositions (nanometre roughness SiO₂) and the physical structures (MPA). The investigations offer a promising way to handily design and fabricate multiscale hierarchical structures on polymers and other materials. More importantly, these findings suggest great potential value for specific antifogging applications in display devices, transport, agricultural greenhouses, food packaging and solar products, especially in continuous harsh fogging conditions.

Inspired by nature, a bio-inspired antifogging PDMS is designed and fabricated successfully using UV lithography and a template method. It achieves an excellent superhydrophobic antifogging property, which benefits from a coupling effect.     

ZnO quantum dot-modified rGO with enhanced electrochemical performance for lithium–sulfur batteries

Lithium–sulfur batteries are considered the most promising next-generation energy storage devices. However, problems like sluggish reaction kinetics and severe shuttle effect need to be solved before the commercialization of Li–S batteries. Here, we successfully prepared ZnO quantum dot-modified reduced graphene oxide (rGO@ZnO QDs), and first introduced it into Li–S cathodes (rGO@ZnO QDs/S). Due to its merits of a catalysis effect and enhancing the reaction kinetics, low surface impedance, and efficient adsorption of polysulfide, rGO@ZnO QDs/S presented excellent rate capacity with clear discharge plateaus even at a high rate of 4C, and superb cycle performance. An initial discharge capacity of 998.8 mA h g⁻¹ was delivered, of which 73.3% was retained after 400 cycles at a high rate of 1C. This work provides a new concept to introduce quantum dots into lithium–sulfur cathodes to realize better electrochemical performance.

ZnO quantum dot-modified rGO was first introduced into lithium–sulfur cathodes, realizing better reaction kinetics and enhanced electrochemical performance.     

Synthesis of polyaniline-sulfur composites with different nanostructures via an interfacial emulsification method and a micelle template method and their properties

Herein, polyaniline (PANI)-S with a nano-microsphere structure was synthesized via an interfacial emulsification method using Triton X-100 as an emulsifier and hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a dopant and covering element sulfur. Moreover, PANI-S with a nanotubular structure was synthesized via a micelle template method using sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) as a template and HCl as a dopant, followed by heating with 40 wt%, 60 wt%, and 70 wt% element sulfur. The two kinds of polyaniline-sulfur (PANI-S) composites were separately characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FTIR spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), etc. Their electrochemical performances were also investigated, and the results showed that as the sulfur content increased, the electrochemical performance of the PANI-S (synthesized via the SDS/HCl template method) electrode improved due to the increase in the amount of the active substance in the electrode. Compared with nano-microsphere PANI-S, nanotube PANI-S has higher specific capacity (1102.01 mA h g⁻¹), more stable cycle performance, and better rate performance, suggesting that an excellent lithium–sulfur battery can be prepared by designing an electrode material structure using nanotube PANI-S.

Herein, polyaniline (PANI)-S with a nano-microsphere structure was synthesized via an interfacial emulsification method using Triton X-100 as an emulsifier and hydrochloric acid (HCl) as a dopant and covering element sulfur.     

Design,synthesis, and herbicidal activity of sec-p-menthane-7-amine derivatives as botanical herbicides

In this study, a series of novel p-menthane type secondary amines (sec-p-menthane-7-amine derivatives 3a–3y) were synthesized and then characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and HRMS. The post-emergence herbicidal activities of these amines against barnyard grass and rape were evaluated by the culture dish method. Most of the sec-p-menthane-7-amine derivatives showed excellent herbicidal activities equivalent to or even higher than either diuron or glyphosate. The alkyl-substituted derivatives were more active than the phenyl-substituted derivatives. The herbicidal activities of compounds 3p, 3r, 3u, and 3w against the root growth of barnyard grass were 404% higher, respectively, than those of glyphosate. The herbicidal activities of compounds 3q, 3v, 3w, and 3x against the root growth of rape were 561%, 494%, 491%, and 544% higher, respectively, than those of diuron, and 484%, 760%, 423%, and 665% higher respectively, than those of diuron against shoot growth of rape. In addition, compounds 3p, 3u, and 3v are almost harmless to rice, wheat, sorghum, maize, and peanuts at a concentration of 100 mg L⁻¹. Most of the compounds are nontoxic to HUVEC-C and BALB/c 3T3 cells. It is indicated that the title compounds could be utilized as botanical herbicides for future weed control.

In this study, a series of novel sec-p-menthane-7-amine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated to be used as efficient botanical herbicides owing to their post-emergence herbicidal activities against barnyard grass and rape.     

Hydroxylation of benzene to phenol over heteropoly acid H5PMo10V2O40 supported on amine-functionalized MCM-41

Supported catalysts with Keggin type heteropoly acids (H₅PMo₁₀V₂O₄₀) loaded onto amine-functionalized MCM-41 for the catalytic hydroxylation of benzene to phenol with H₂O₂ were prepared by a wet impregnation method. The effects of the preparation conditions on the properties and activity of the supported catalysts were fully investigated. The results showed that the catalyst retained the mesoporous structure of MCM-41 and H₅PMo₁₀V₂O₄₀ was dispersed uniformly on the surface of the amine-functionalized MCM-41. Meanwhile, the reusability and catalytic performance of the catalyst were affected by two key factors, i.e., the interaction between the heteropoly acid and the surface of MCM-41, and the hydrophobicity of the catalyst since they decide the leaching of H₅PMo₁₀V₂O₄₀ and the adsorption of benzene. The catalyst with H₅PMo₁₀V₂O₄₀ loaded onto amine-functionalized MCM-41, which was prepared using ethanol as the solvent, exhibited the highest phenol yield (20.4%), a turnover frequency value of 20.3 h⁻¹ and good reusability. We believe this work offers an effective and facile strategy for the preparation of a new catalyst for hydroxylation of benzene to phenol.

Supported catalysts with heteropoly acid loaded onto amine-functionalized MCM-41 for hydroxylation of benzene to phenol are prepared.     

Photoluminescence properties of cuprous phosphide prepared through phosphating copper with a native oxide layer

Although cuprous phosphide (Cu₃P) has been widely studied and applied in other fields, its photoluminescence (PL) properties are rarely investigated. Herein, we report that Cu₃P can emit near-infrared light at 750 nm. We show that the annealing and the presence of cuprous oxide can enhance the PL emission. The mechanism of the PL enhancement is the improvement of crystal quality and the formation of a space charge region. Our results provide a reference for improving the PL properties of p-type semiconductors.

The presence of cuprous oxide results in band bending at the interface between cuprous phosphide and cuprous oxide, forming carrier traps, which improves the fluorescence properties of cuprous phosphide.