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1.
The intelligence of patients with Friedreich's ataxia 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
DAVIES DL 《Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry》1949,12(1):34-38
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COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF ATROPINE AND GLYCOPYRROLATE ON COGNITIVE FUNCTION FOLLOWING GENERAL ANAESTHESIA 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Tests of orientation, concentration and shortterm visual memorywere used to assess 72 patients 1 day before, and 2 days after,elective major surgery. Patients were premedicated with papaveretumand either atropine or glycopyrrolate, before receiving a standardgeneral anaesthetic. Those who had received atropine showedsignificant postoperative short-term memory deficit (P< 0.01),but no change in orientation or concentration. Those who hadbeen given glycopyrrolate showed no significant cognitive changesafter surgery. As glycopyrrolate does not cross the blood-brainbarrier freely, these findings support the involvement of centralcholinergic mechanisms in the deterioration of cognitive functionin the postoperative period. 相似文献
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V Allen PhD DW Ryan MB FRCA A Murray PhD FIPSM 《International journal of clinical practice》1994,48(3):125-129
SUMMARY Four specialised air mattresses had interface pressure measured under six body sites prone to pressure sores in 10 subjects, supine and sitting. The mattresses were the Clinirest (SSI) and FirstStep (KCI) continuous airflow mattress overlays, and Airwave (Pegasus) and Nimbus (Huntleigh) alternating pressure air mattresses. On the mattress overlays, average supine interface pressures were 2.33 kPa (scapula), 4.15 kPa (elbow), 1.94 kPa (sacrum) and 2.79 kPa (buttock), although they were higher at the occiput (7.97 kPa) and heel (11.7 kPa). The alternating pressure air mattresses had an average minimum interface pressure close to zero for three sites, rising to 4.28 kPa under the heel. Average maximum interface pressures were 8.61 kPa (occiput), 5.21 kPa (scapula), 4.90 (elbow), 4.85 kPa (sacrum), 4.61 kPa (buttock) and 13.2 kPa (heel). No accepted scientific method exists for comparing the two types of mattress. Our data suggest a clinical benefit at the occiput and heel (supine) in using an alternating pressure air mattress and a benefit in using a continuous airflow mattress overlay at other sites. 相似文献
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This study assesses the relative importance of history, examination and investigations in paediatric diagnosis, in the Paediatric Out-patient Department of the Central Middlesex Hospital, London, by means of a questionnaire-based record of 94 consecutive referrals. A diagnosis identical to the final diagnosis was made in 76% of referrals after taking a history. The general practitioner had proposed a diagnosis in 45% in the referral letter. Clinical examination changed the diagnosis in only 15% but increased diagnostic confidence in 33%. Ninety-one per cent of cases were diagnosed without recourse to investigations. Forty-two per cent of children referred had investigations performed. In the majority of paediatric cases the provisional diagnosis reached after taking a history was identical to that after examination or results of investigations were known. Although examination provided a final diagnosis in only 15% of all cases it played an important role in adding confidence in 33%. More educational effort should therefore be directed at clinical history-taking skills and the subsequent purpose of examination. 相似文献
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MCLELLAN A. R.; CONNELL J. M. C.; BEASTALL G. H.; TEASDALE G.; DAVIES D. L. 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1988,69(3):997-1008
Acromegaly is associated with abnormal indices of body composition(as determined by exchangeable sodium, exchangeable potassiumand total body water estimations) which may be corrected bytreatment. We related these indices of body composition to theattained growth hormone levels (mean of five daytime values)in 42 treated acromegalics. Somatomedin C was measured in 30subjects. The mean duration of treatment was 7.7 years (range126). Exchangeable sodium, potassium and total body waterwere significantly lowered by treatment. After treatment of acromegaly subjects whose growth hormonelevel was below 5 mU/1 achieved normal body composition moreoften than those with higher levels. Growth hormone concentrationof below 5 mU/1 after treatment should be regarded as a moreappropriate index of control of acromegaly than the higher levelspreviously recommended. 相似文献
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