干细胞治疗下肢缺血性疾病疗效观察

目的 观察自体外周血干细胞移植治疗缺血性下肢血管病的疗效。方法 移植组：对45例自愿接受自体外周血干细胞的患者使用重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子450～600U／d,皮下注射,进行外周血干细胞动员,第6天用血细胞分离机采集干细胞,配制成一定浓度的细胞混悬液,对缺血肢体进行移植。对照组：对33例患者使用扩血管药物治疗,连续20d。术后定期行皮温测定、踝臂指数观察和经皮氧分压测定,进行评估。结果 移植组患者术后各项观察指标均有改善,其中皮温、经皮氧分压改善明显,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论 自体外周血干细胞移植治疗缺血性下肢血管病是一种安全、有效的手段,可使部分患者避免截肢或降低截肢平面,改善生活质量。     

经动脉骨髓干细胞移植治疗股骨头坏死63例

目的：观察经动脉骨髓干细胞移植治疗股骨头坏死的效果。 方法：选择2004—08／2005—12在解放军第四六三医院细胞治疗中心收治的股骨头坏死接受动脉内骨髓干细胞移植治疗患者63例113髋。年龄12-54岁（平均33岁），曾经应用皮质激素史29例，外伤史17例，大量饮酒史11例，原因不明6例。63例患者均行髋关节X射线摄片检查确诊，15例同时行髋关节MRI检查，38例行髋关节CT检查。根据Fieat分期法Ⅱ期52髋（46.0％），Ⅲ期58髋（51.3％），Ⅵ期3髋（2，7％）。①采集自体骨髓200-400mL，Ficoll密度梯度离心，分离单个核细胞（1～4）&;#215;10^11L^-1，CD34^＋细胞1．4％～3．5％（2．4％），CD133^＋细胞1．13％～3．25％（1．88％），制备成单个核细胞悬液10-20mL。②在数字减影血管造影术下行股动脉穿刺，将导管超选插入旋股内动脉、旋股外动脉及闭孔动脉，将细胞悬液缓慢灌注入动脉内。⑧干细胞移植后随访观察患者髋关节疼痛程度、疼痛性质及疼痛时间变化、行走距离及步态变化、髋关节外展与内旋功能变化；6个月后复查股骨头供血动脉造影，观察血管新生及股骨头供血动脉充盈情况；观察干细胞移植后不良反应。12个月后行髋关节X射线摄片、CT，MRI扫描观察股骨头形态学变化。结果：63例患者关节疼痛、行走距离及关节功能平均随访3．2个月，其中5例行数字减影血管造影术，15例行X射线检查（2例同时做CT检查）。①随访时观察髋关节疼痛有不同程度的缓解54例（54／63，85．7％），关节功能改善19例（19／63，30．2％），行走间距延长34例（34／63，54％），生活质量提高。②干细胞移植术后6个月5例患者行数字减影血管造影术股骨头供血动脉造影检查，显示旋股内动脉、旋股外动脉及闭孔动脉管径增粗，新生血管增多，血流速度增快，与移植前血管造影结果比较，股骨头区血液供应明显改善。③2例18个月X射线摄片、CT扫描股骨头坏死区缩小，可见新骨形成。④3例患者在治疗中未发生严重并发症和不良反应。结论：经动脉干细胞移植治疗缺血性股骨头坏死方法简便、安全有效，在治疗中未发生不良反应，是治疗缺血性股骨头坏死的一种新手段。     

ACEI治疗慢性肾病的循证依据

血管紧张索转换酶抑制剂（ACEI）在慢性肾病中的应用是近10年来肾脏病药物治疗中最重要的进展之一。它能降低全身血压及肾小球毛细血管内压力，保护肾脏，延缓肾功能衰竭的进展。在《美国预防、检测、评估与治疗高血压全国联合委员会第七次报告》（JNC7）中ACEI是唯一拥有心力衰竭、心肌梗死后、冠心病高危因素、糖尿病、慢性肾病、预防中风复发等全部6个强制性适应证的抗高血压药物。     

应用PCR法检测血液肿瘤EB病毒DNA及其临床价值

自１９９６年４月我们用ＰＣＲ法随机检测３７例血液系统肿瘤患者的ＥＢ病毒（ＥＢＶ）ＤＮＡ,并结合临床观察进行分析,观察结果报道如下。１　对象与方法１．１　一般资料：本组３７例均为我院住院患者,男２１例,女１６例,年龄１４～８６岁,其中急性白血病１３例（急性非淋巴细胞白血病９例,急性淋巴细胞白血病４例）,骨髓增生异常综合征（ＭＤＳ）１０例（ＲＡ５例,ＲＡＳ１例,ＲＡＥＢ２例,ＲＡＥＢ－ｔ２例）,恶性淋巴瘤７例（霍奇金淋巴瘤１例,非霍奇金淋巴瘤６例）,慢性粒细胞白血病（ＣＭＬ）４例,多发性骨髓瘤（ＭＭ…     

干细胞移植改善股骨头坏死缺血状态的实验及临床效应：20只模型兔及188例患者资料分析

背景：缺血性股骨头坏死由于股骨头局部滋养血管损伤、供血不足致病，迄今尚无最佳治疗方案，改善股骨头血液供应成为治疗本病的关键。 目的：通过动物实验和临床观察，验证自体骨髓问充质干细胞移植血管再生技术改善股骨头坏死缺血状态的效果。 设计：对比动物实验和自身对照临床观察。 单位：解放军第四六三医院细胞治疗中心。 资料：①动物：选用日本大耳白兔20只，雌雄不拘，体质量3．0—4．0kg，购于沈阳军区总医院动物实验中心。此动物实验符合动物伦理学要求。②对象：选择2004—07／2007—07在解放军第四六三医院细胞治疗中心住院的具有完整随访资料的缺血性股骨头坏死患者188例（335髋），男113例，女75例，年龄18-72岁。均经髋关节X线摄片、核素扫描、MRI、CT检查确诊；对治疗和实验知情同意。实验经医院伦理委员会批准。 方法：①动物实验：实验于2004—01／2004—06在沈阳军区总医院动物实验中心完成。采用液氮冷冻股骨头缺血性坏死模型建立方法，双后肢股骨头均制作缺血模型，右侧为移植组，左侧为对照组。抽取骨髓，将所获单个核细胞经右股动脉注入；同法将生理盐水注入左侧股动脉内。②临床观察：密度梯度离心缺血性股骨头坏死患者自体骨髓，分离单个核细胞。行旋股内、旋股外及闭孔动脉干细胞移植术。 主要观察指标：①4周后行DSA动脉造影观察双侧血管新生情况。4，12周后取双侧股骨头标本，行病理切片观察新骨再生及股骨头修复程度。②于移植后第3，6，12，24个月观察患者髋关节疼痛、行走间距及步态、髋关节外展与内旋功能变化。于干细胞移植后6个月行股骨头供血动脉造影术，观察血管新生及股骨头供血动脉充盈情况。于干细胞移植后6，12，24个月行CT，X射线，MRI检查，观察股骨?     

急性白血病的小剂量阿糖胞苷治疗

阿糖胞苷是治疗急性非淋巴细胞白血病的有效药物。自1982年M Housset 等应用小剂量阿糖胞苷(LDAra-C)治疗急性粒细胞白血病(AML)获得成功后,国内外已有许多学者从基础实验到临床治疗对这一疗法进行了大量研究,并重新认识了LDAra-C治疗AML 的机理,普遍认为LDAra-C 可使AML获得缓解。一、小剂量阿糖胞苷的作用机理     

序贯式干细胞移植术治疗假肥大型肌营养不良症临床研究

目的：观察假肥大型肌营养不良症（PMD）患儿接受序贯式干细胞移植术（SCT）后抗肌萎缩蛋白（dystrophin）的表达、dystrophin基因和运动功能的变化。方法：采用自身对照法,2008年2月至2010年11月对5例8～14岁男性PMD患儿接受序贯式SCT[即依次进行脐带间充质干细胞（UCMSC）经静脉内移植-UCMSC肌肉内移植-单倍体相合造血干细胞移植术（Haplo-HSCT）]治疗,观察患儿血清酶学、基因分析、肌电图、肌肉活检及肌萎缩蛋白、造血重建的植入证据的变化。结果：移植后①血清肌酸激酶数值显著降低;②PCR-STR检测4例为完全供者型嵌合,1例3/6位点相合患儿未植入为完全受者型;③4例外显子缺失患儿外周血及骨髓表达正常基因型;④肌肉活检显示供受者嵌合状态,缺失的外显子弱阳性表达。肌细胞形态改善,肌萎缩蛋白间断弱阳性表达;⑤肌力及运动功能较治疗前无减退或改善。结论：PMD患儿接受序贯式SCT后缺失的外显子转变为正常基因型,肌细胞膜有肌萎缩蛋白阳性或弱阳性表达,可提高患儿的运动功能。     

干细胞移植改善股骨头坏死缺血状态的实验及临床效应：20只模型兔及188例患者资料分析

BACKGROUND: Ischemic femoral head necrosis is caused by local vascular injury and blood-supply insufficiency. There exists no optimal treatment for the ischemic femoral head necrosis. Thus, the improvement of the blood supply to the femoral head seems to be a key point for the treatment. OBJECTIVE: To verify the curative effects of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation induced vascular regeneration on the improvement of ischemic femoral head necrosis via animal experiments and clinical observations. DESIGN: Contrast animal experiment and self-controlled clinical observation.SETTING: Cell Therapy Center, the 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS AND PARTICIPANTS: ① Animals: Twenty Japanese white rabbits in either gender and weighing 3.0-4.0 kg were purchased from Animal Experimental Center, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA. The animal experiments were coincident with the ethical standards. ② Participants: 188 patients with ischemic femoral head necrosis (335 hips) having whole following-up data were selected from Cell Therapy Center, the 463 Hospital of Chinese PLA from July 2004 to July 2007. There were 113 males and 75 females, and their ages ranged from 18 to 72 years. Diagnosis was done by using X-ray photographs, nuclide scanning, MRI and CT examinations. All patients provided the informed consent, and the study was approved by the local research ethics committee. METHODS: ① Animal experiments: The experiment was carried out at the Animal Experiment Center, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from January to June 2004. Ischemic femoral head necrosis models were established at both hindlimbs by using liquid-nitrogen refrigeration. The right side was regarded as transplantation group and the left one as control group. Mononuclear cells extracted from bone marrow were poured in the right femoral artery, while saline was poured in the left femoral artery. ②Clinical observations: Mononuclear cells were separated from autologous bone marrow of patients with ischemic femoral head necrosis after density gradient centrifugation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Four weeks later, angiogenesis at both femoral arteries was observed by arteriography by using digital subtraction anglography (DSA). Moreover, bilateral femoral head samples underwent pathological sections to observe bone regeneration and repair of femoral head 4 and 12 weeks later. ②Items including hip pain, walking distance and gait, abduction and internal rotation function changes of hip joint were observed in 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after stem cell transplantation in media femoral circum flex artery, lateral femoral circum flex artery and obturator artery. In 6 months after stem cell transplantation, angiogenesis and blood supply of femoral head were observed by using arteriography. In 6, 12 and 24 months after stem cell transplantation, morphological and ischemic changes of femoral head were observed by using CT, X-ray and MRI examinations. Harris scores were used to evaluate function of hip joint before and in 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after stem cell transplantation.RESULTS: Animal experiment: Twenty rabbits were involved in the final analysis. ① DSA-arteriography results: In 4 weeks after transplantation, blood-supply arteries in femoral head of right hindlimb in the transplantation group were more than those in the control group. ② Pathological results: In 12 weeks after transplantation, cartilage, lamellar bone and bone trabecula in the left femoral head were repaired remarkably, but left femoral head necrosis was not improved. Clinical observations: 188 patients were involved in the final analysis. ① Improvement of symptoms: Among 188 patients, 164 (87.3%) had remission of hip pain, 147 (78.4%) had function improvement, and 150 (80.0%) had elongation of walking distance. ② Imaging changes: At 6 months after transplantation, DSA-arteriography in 12 patients demonstrated that blood-supply arteries in femoral head were increased and thickened remarkably as compared with those before transplantation, and the blood flow was rapid. At 12-24 months after transplantation, lesion of bone matrix in 24 patients was improved under the X-ray, CT and MRI examinations. ③ Harris scores of hip joint: The scores at 6, 12 and 24 months after transplantation were significantly higher than those before transplantation (t= -3.423, -6.714, -9.039, P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can effectively improve and treat ischemic femoral head necrosis.