家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变治疗观察

目的 观察家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变（FEVR）激光光凝和玻璃体视网膜手术治疗的疗效。 方法 回顾性分析1997年1月至2005年8月 期间临床诊断的FEVR患者17例32只眼的临床资料。根据患眼病变轻重程度不同选择治疗方法 ,其中7只眼(1期2只眼、2A期1只眼和2B期4只眼)采用周边视网膜激光光凝治疗，治疗后随访 6～108个月,平均随访时间30.29个月。13只眼(3B期2只眼、4A期1只眼、4B期6只眼和5A期4 只眼)采用玻璃体视网膜手术治疗，手术后随访3～72个月，平均随访时间23.19个月；另外 12只眼因病变太严重、年龄及家属选择等原因未接受治疗。 结果 接受激光光凝治疗的7只眼随访期间病情稳定,视力保持不变。接受玻璃体视网膜手术治疗的13只眼,除1只眼外12只眼黄斑区均达到解剖复位。9只眼手术后视力提高,3只眼手术后视力保持不变,1只眼视力检查不合作。 结论 激光光凝能控制FEVR病情发展；玻璃体视网膜手术有利于促进FEVR患者视网膜复位和提高视力。两种治疗方法是治疗FEVR的有效手段。 （中华眼底病杂志，2006，22：302-304）     

玻璃体切割术后注入曲安奈德辅助治疗增生性玻璃体视网膜病变的初步观察

曲安奈德(TA)近年来越来越多地应用于玻璃体手术辅助治疗各种玻璃体视网膜疾病,尤其是增生性玻璃体视网膜病变(PVR)与增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR),显示出了良好的治疗效果与广泛的应用前景[1,2].我们回顾分析了22例因PVR C级以上而行玻璃体切割术且于手术结束时行玻璃体内注射TA治疗患者的临床资料,现将结果报告如下.     

特发性黄斑前膜的频域光相干断层扫描特征以及与视力的相互关系

Objective To observe the Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography(FD-OCT) characteristic of idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) and its correlation with the patients visual acuity. Methods The 116 eyes (112 patients) with idiopathic epiretinal membrane were included in this study. All the patients had undergone examination of visual acuity (LogMAR chart), ocular fundus (direct ophthalmoscope and fundus pre-set lens), and FD-OCT (Zeiss HD-OCT) with the speed of 27 000 A scan/s, area of 6.0 mm× 6.0 mm, and mode of 512 × 128. The central fovea thickness (CFT), volume (V), average thickness (AT) were collected from the OCT readings, and the fovea thickness (FT) was measured manually. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Results The traction on retina caused by ERM can be divided into 3 types according to the OCT findings., no traction (9.48 %), tangential traction (84.48 %) and tangential traction with anterior-posterior traction (6.04 %). A total of 97 eyes (83.62 %) had retinal edema (diffuse or cystoid) and the edema located at the outer nuclear layer(ONL), outer plexiform layer(OPL)and inner nuclear layer (INL). A total of 14 eyes (12. 07%) had retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) schisis and 27 eyes (23.28%) had inner segment/outer segment j unction(Ls/OS) impairment. Statistic analysis revealed that BCVA was not related to the age, gender, types of traction, presence of IS/OS damage or RNFL schisis(P>0.05), but was related with CFT(P<0.05). Conclusions Idiopathic ERM can exert different types of traction on the macular, and cause different types of retinal lesions. OCT is a useful tool to measure these lesions. CFT reading is closely related to patients" visual acuity.     

病理性近视黄斑裂孔患者黄斑区视网膜前膜的组织学观察

目的 观察病理性近视内界膜表面结构的组织学变化与黄斑裂孔发生发展的关系.方法 同顾分析行玻璃体切割手术的病理性近视黄斑裂孔患者34例34只眼的临床资料.患眼屈光度均超过-6.00 D,眼轴26.00～33.12 mm,平均眼轴长度27.74 mm.5只眼为黄斑裂孔无视网膜脱离(黄斑裂孔组),29只眼为黄斑裂孔合并后极部视网膜浅脱离(视网膜脱离组).对入选患眼行睫状体平坦部三切口的玻璃体切割手术,手术中观察Weiss环以判断玻璃体后脱离程度,获取34只眼的视网膜前膜及19只眼的内界膜组织标本,行苏木精-伊红(HE)及醋酸铀-枸橼酸铅双染色,采用光学及透射电子显微镜观察.结果 玻璃体切割手术中,5只眼出现Weiss环,24只眼的视网膜表面有多层玻璃体组织残留.光学显微镜观察发现,内界膜表面的视网膜前膜主要由玻璃体胶原纤维.星形胶质细胞及细胞外基质组成.透射电子显微镜观察发现,19只眼的内界膜标本中,5只眼可她内界膜一玻璃体胶原纤维-细胞的"三明治"样结构,1只眼可见内界膜损伤、表面组织牵引和星形胶质细胞移行.结论病理性近视玻璃体后界面劈裂、内界膜表面组织结构的变化是黄斑裂孔发生发展直至视网膜脱离的重要原因.     

特发性黄斑前膜的频域光相干断层扫描特征以及与视力的相互关系

目的 观察特发性黄斑前膜的光相干断层扫描（OCT）特征以及与患者视力的相互关系。方法 回顾分析2008年5月至12月间确诊的特发性黄斑前膜患者112例116只眼的临床资料。所有患者均进行最佳矫正视力、眼底和OCT检查。视力采用LogMAR视力表检查;眼底检查采用直接检眼镜和前置镜检查;OCT检查采用Zeiss HD-OCT,扫描速度27 000 A扫描/s, 扫描区域6.0 mm×6.0 mm,扫描模式为512×128。根据OCT检查所见的黄斑前膜对视网膜不同牵引情况对黄斑前膜进行分类,测量黄斑中心厚度（CFT）、体积、平均厚度以及黄斑中心凹厚度（FT）。采用SPSS16.0软件对患者的各项OCT检查指标和临床检查结果进行统计分析。结果 116只黄斑前膜眼可分为无视网膜牵引、切线方向或切线方向合并前后方向牵引3种情况,各自分别占本组患眼的9.48%、84.48%、6.04%。97只眼合并视网膜水肿,占总眼数的83.62%;水肿分别位于外核层(ONL),外网状层(OPL),内核层(INL)。14只眼合并视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)劈裂,占总眼数的1207%;27只眼有视细胞内外节（IS/OS）损伤,占总眼数的23.28%。CFT与视力密切相关（P<0.05）,而体积、平均厚度和FT与视力无相关性（P＞0.05）。患者年龄、性别、不同种类的视网膜牵引、是否合并板层孔、IS/OS损伤和RNFL劈裂等与视力无相关性。结论 特发性黄斑前膜的OCT特征可表现为有无视网膜牵引以及视网膜水肿和视网膜神经纤维层劈裂。在CFT、体积、平均厚度以及FT等黄斑区OCT测量指标中,CFT与患者的视力关系最为密切。     

异体巩膜移植治疗烧伤后瘢痕性睑内翻

目的评价异体巩膜睑板延长或联合羊膜移植治疗化学或热烧伤后瘢痕性睑内翻的疗效。方法19例（21眼）化学或热烧伤后瘢痕性睑内翻，17眼行单纯异体巩膜睑板延长术，4眼重度睑球粘连，联合行羊膜移植术。结果随访2—18个月，治愈11眼，好转6眼，无效4眼。复发4眼6—18个月后再次手术矫正。烧伤后不同时间手术效果不同。结论对于化学或热烧伤后瘢痕性睑内翻，异体巩膜睑板延长或联合羊膜移植能较好地矫正脸内翻和松解粘连，是一种安全、有效的手术方法。     

特发性黄斑前膜的频域光相干断层扫描特征以及与视力的相互关系

Objective To observe the Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography(FD-OCT) characteristic of idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) and its correlation with the patients visual acuity. Methods The 116 eyes (112 patients) with idiopathic epiretinal membrane were included in this study. All the patients had undergone examination of visual acuity (LogMAR chart), ocular fundus (direct ophthalmoscope and fundus pre-set lens), and FD-OCT (Zeiss HD-OCT) with the speed of 27 000 A scan/s, area of 6.0 mm× 6.0 mm, and mode of 512 × 128. The central fovea thickness (CFT), volume (V), average thickness (AT) were collected from the OCT readings, and the fovea thickness (FT) was measured manually. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Results The traction on retina caused by ERM can be divided into 3 types according to the OCT findings., no traction (9.48 %), tangential traction (84.48 %) and tangential traction with anterior-posterior traction (6.04 %). A total of 97 eyes (83.62 %) had retinal edema (diffuse or cystoid) and the edema located at the outer nuclear layer(ONL), outer plexiform layer(OPL)and inner nuclear layer (INL). A total of 14 eyes (12. 07%) had retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) schisis and 27 eyes (23.28%) had inner segment/outer segment j unction(Ls/OS) impairment. Statistic analysis revealed that BCVA was not related to the age, gender, types of traction, presence of IS/OS damage or RNFL schisis(P>0.05), but was related with CFT(P<0.05). Conclusions Idiopathic ERM can exert different types of traction on the macular, and cause different types of retinal lesions. OCT is a useful tool to measure these lesions. CFT reading is closely related to patients" visual acuity.     

特发性黄斑前膜的频域光相干断层扫描特征以及与视力的相互关系

Objective To observe the Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography(FD-OCT) characteristic of idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) and its correlation with the patients visual acuity. Methods The 116 eyes (112 patients) with idiopathic epiretinal membrane were included in this study. All the patients had undergone examination of visual acuity (LogMAR chart), ocular fundus (direct ophthalmoscope and fundus pre-set lens), and FD-OCT (Zeiss HD-OCT) with the speed of 27 000 A scan/s, area of 6.0 mm× 6.0 mm, and mode of 512 × 128. The central fovea thickness (CFT), volume (V), average thickness (AT) were collected from the OCT readings, and the fovea thickness (FT) was measured manually. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Results The traction on retina caused by ERM can be divided into 3 types according to the OCT findings., no traction (9.48 %), tangential traction (84.48 %) and tangential traction with anterior-posterior traction (6.04 %). A total of 97 eyes (83.62 %) had retinal edema (diffuse or cystoid) and the edema located at the outer nuclear layer(ONL), outer plexiform layer(OPL)and inner nuclear layer (INL). A total of 14 eyes (12. 07%) had retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) schisis and 27 eyes (23.28%) had inner segment/outer segment j unction(Ls/OS) impairment. Statistic analysis revealed that BCVA was not related to the age, gender, types of traction, presence of IS/OS damage or RNFL schisis(P>0.05), but was related with CFT(P<0.05). Conclusions Idiopathic ERM can exert different types of traction on the macular, and cause different types of retinal lesions. OCT is a useful tool to measure these lesions. CFT reading is closely related to patients" visual acuity.     

结膜乳头切除加丝裂霉素C治疗春季角结膜炎

目的 观察铺路石样乳头切除加术中应用MMC治疗春季角结膜炎(VKC)的疗效和安全性.方法 选取10例(20眼)上睑结膜有铺路石样乳头的VKC,行乳头切除加术中应用0.4mg/mL MMC 2分钟.观察术后患者的主觉症状和体征变化.随访2～12月.结果 所有患者的主觉症状和体征均显著改善,4眼上睑结膜面见细小散在乳头复发.未见MMC应用的并发症发生.结论 对有铺路石样乳头的VKC,行乳头切除加术中应用0.4mg/mL MMC是安全、简便、有效的治疗方法.     

玻璃体切割手术后残留玻璃体皮质误诊为视网膜脱离一例

玻璃体切割手术后残留的玻璃体皮质临床上一股较容易诊断，然而在某些特殊的情况下也可能误诊，尤其是小儿，由于其玻璃体皮质与视网膜粘连紧密，首次玻璃体手术时，玻璃体皮质不易清除干净，往往于手术后数月表现为玻璃体后脱离，在屈光间质不清楚的情况下仅依据辅助检查，有时会与视网膜脱离相混淆。