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Mutual information-based analysis of JPEG2000 contexts. 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Context-based arithmetic coding has been widely adopted in image and video compression and is a key component of the new JPEG2000 image compression standard. In this paper, the contexts used in JPEG2000 are analyzed using the mutual information, which is closely related to the compression performance. We first show that, when combining the contexts, the mutual information between the contexts and the encoded data will decrease unless the conditional probability distributions of the combined contexts are the same. Given I, the initial number of contexts, and F, the final desired number of contexts, there are S(I, F) possible context classification schemes where S(I, F) is called the Stirling number of the second kind. The optimal classification scheme is the one that gives the maximum mutual information. Instead of using an exhaustive search, the optimal classification scheme can be obtained through a modified generalized Lloyd algorithm with the relative entropy as the distortion metric. For binary arithmetic coding, the search complexity can be reduced by using dynamic programming. Our experimental results show that the JPEG2000 contexts capture the correlations among the wavelet coefficients very well. At the same time, the number of contexts used as part of the standard can be reduced without loss in the coding performance. 相似文献
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R Levy F Najioullah B Keppi D Thouvenot S Bosshard J Lornage B Lina JF Guerin M Aymard 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,68(5):820-825
This paper presents the results of in vivo measurements on a worker from a fuel reprocessing plant who was involved in an actinide intake. The results revealed that false indications of an actinide lung burden could arise from a contaminant present elsewhere in the chest region. Consequently, it is important that lung monitoring programs for occupational workers handling actinides are conducted with this caution in mind and that due consideration is given even in cases of minor cuts/wounds in order to rule out substantial overestimation of internal radiation doses. 相似文献
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A series of nanocomposite thin films, composed of Nd2Fe14B and α-Fe, has been prepared by DC-magnetron sputtering combined ion beam sputtering onto Si (100) substrates. The effects of post annealing on the microstructure and magnetic properties of [NdFeB/α-Fe/NdFeB]-type thin films have been investigated. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) study showed that annealing of the films for 30min at temperatures 550,600,650,700℃ resulted in the appearance of diffraction peaks, characteristic for Nd2Fe14B tetragonal structure, α-Fe and Nd2O3 phases. The investigation using the Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) with a maximum applied field of 2 T indicated that with the increase of the annealing temperature, the magnetic properties of the multilayer films were improved and reached peak value at 650℃ (Hci=41.72kA·m-1, Mr/Ms=0.4, (BH)max=30.35kJ·m-3), after which the magnetic properties were decreased greatly. Along with the increase of the thickness of α-Fe layer from Tα-Fe16nm, the coercivity Hci, saturation magnetization Ms, and remanence ratio Mr/Ms all declined. As the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) indicated, after being annealed at 650℃ for 30min, the sample was showed fine surface morphology with grain size 60nm≤dα-Fe≤80nm and 100nm≤dNdFeB≤150nm. 相似文献
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ZENG Yanping ZHANG Maicang DONG Jianxin ZHANG Lina XIE Xishan 《稀有金属(英文版)》2005,24(3):298-300
1 IntroductionRecently the key components in advanced aircraftengines are widely made of nickel-base P/M super-alloy. However, non-metallic inclusions are intro-duced into this material during powder metallurgyprocessing. In industry, although many method… 相似文献
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Ce^3+,Sb^3+共激活的亚超细磷光体的微波快速合成和发光特性 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
首次采用微波辐射法快速合成了亚超细CaS:C^3 ,Sb^3 高效绿光磷光体,发现Ce^3 与Sb^3 离子之间存在着能量传,租是属于多极子相互作用的共振传递,因而Ce^3 对CaS:Sb^3 的发光有明显的敏化和增强。微波场作用下合成的双掺磷光体的激发峰与发射峰值分别恒定在259nm 和523nm处,并没有像传统高温固相合成法那样,随掺杂离子浓度的增大而发生红移现象。SEM照片显示,采用含不同一价阳离子(Na^ ,K^ ,NH4^ )无机盐作助熔剂制得的亚超细CaS:Ce^3 ,Sb^3 磷光体平均粒径为300nm-500nm,但其晶体形貌分别为立方形、球形和团聚状的雪花形,其中球形磷光体荧光最强。 相似文献
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本文结合区域降水站点实测降水数据,对比分析了反距离加权插值和克里金插值方法在辽西降水空间插值的精度。研究结果表明:反距离加权插值法由于考虑插值点之间的权重,在辽宁西部降水空间插值的精度高于克里金插值方法,反距离加权插值方法下降水插值和实测降水之间年和月尺度的误差分别为6.2%和20.7%,年相关系数达到0.79,克里金插值方法下降水插值和实测降水之间年和月尺度误差分别为10.9%和24.6%,年相关系数为0.51,反距离插值方法更适用于辽西地区的降水空间插值计算。研究成果可为辽宁西部无资料地区降水空间插值计算提供方法参考。 相似文献
10.
Behavioral cues to deception are instrumental in detecting deception. As one of the primary sources of deception behavior, text has been analyzed at the level of sub-sentence or message but not the discourse of interaction. Additionally, empirical studies on cues to deception in the case of multiple receivers remain nonexistent. To fill these voids, we propose a discourse framework and six hypotheses about deception behaviors in a multi-receiver environment. The deception behaviors are operationalized by discourse features based on an analysis of real-world data. The results of statistical analysis validate the efficacy of discourse features in discriminating deceivers from truth-tellers. 相似文献