线性方程组在生产装置单一原料产品收率推算中的应用

针对炼化企业生产过程中投入单一原料后产品收率难以推算,无法进行模拟计算的问题,提出了采用方程组高斯消元法中的直接法原理,通过矩阵并置、回代消元等过程对多元一次线性方程组进行求解,并将其实现过程进行计算机语言化与系统化。与传统手工的复杂计算方法相比,此应用过程根据流程行业生产过程具有的线性规律,以企业历史的生产数据为基础,能对单一原料的产品收率求解过程及结果进行全程跟踪,使模拟的结果更精确、更符合实际的生产工艺,通过应用的推算,可以模拟出某单一原料投入后其产品的收率明显提高了4.525%,同时具有应用计算机处理的高效性与可追溯性,为流程生产企业模拟生产装置投入产出比例结构,更改加工方案提供了一条可探索之路。     

Automatic defect detection in ultra sonic TOFD D-scan data using image processing method

In ultrasonic time of flight diffraction (TOFD) D-scan image, only a small fraction represents defects, whereas the majority is redundant. Because of the low contrast between defect and background image, it is difficult to manually interpret TOFD image. In addition, due to the nature of the weak amplitude of ultrasonic diffracted signals, the human factor introduces inconsistency into the interpretation. In order to automatically distinguish weld defects from the D-scan image, a defect detection method based on image processing technique is proposed. First, image pre-processing including clutter and noise suppression is conducted. Second, information entropy based image segmentation technique is employed to extract defects in the pre-processed image. At last, mathematical morphology based post-processing is carried out. The experimental results show that with the proposed method, TOFD can be used for automatic weld defect detection with satisfactory level of reliability.