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Kundel HL; Gefter W; Aronchick J; Miller W Jr; Hatabu H; Whitfill CH; Miller W Sr 《Radiology》1997,205(3):859
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W. N. HABRE E. F. VAN GESSEL CH. MAMIE R. CANTIENI P. M. SUTER 《Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica》1994,38(6):612-614
Severe aortic regurgitation was discovered in a young man 21 days after blunt chest trauma and after a prolonged febrile state with positive blood cultures. Using transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE), it was possible to make the differential diagnosis between traumatic rupture and endocarditis as the cause of valvular insufficiency. The use of TEE in the initial evaluation of severe thoracic trauma with an unclear clinical picture is recommended. This method is easy to use at the bedside and gives precise information on the aortic valve and the ascending aorta. 相似文献
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True fibromas develop as painless slow-growing nodular tumours. They may appear in any portion of the nail apparatus. The clinical features vary according to their anatomical site. In contrast, the histological features, consisting of a dermal hypocellular reticular nodule with ill-defined demarcation, were similar in all our patients, and factor XIIIa was negative. 相似文献
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L Guinn J Johnson V M Doctor 《European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics》2003,28(2):161-166
Studies were conducted on the effect of heparin or 6-aminohexanoic acid (6-AH) on the activation of glutamic plasminogen (Glu-Plg) by streptokinase in the presence of different concentrations of buffer, NaCl and divalent cations. Heparin and 6-AH inhibited streptokinase-mediated activation of Glu-Plg using 10 mM Tris-HCl buffer pH 7.4. This inhibition was partially reversed by the addition of 0.2-1.0 mM of Mg ions. Increasing the ionic strength of Tris-HCl buffer from 10 to 50 mM or addition of 50-150 mM of NaCl to 50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.4 inhibited the activation of Glu-Plg by streptokinase while decreasing the % inhibition by heparin over the control samples. Double reciprocal plot of the activation of Glu-Plg by streptokinase using 50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.4 containing 100 mM NaCl showed that the addition of heparin lowered Vmax by 50% without affecting Km. To determine whether the inhibitory effect of heparin was specifically directed towards Glu-Plg or streptokinase, the ratios of the initial rate of plasmin generation in the presence of heparin over the controls were plotted against the inverse of the volume fraction of Glu-Plg or streptokinase after serial dilutions. The results indicated that the dilutions of streptokinase but not of Glu-Plg influenced the ratios, suggesting an interaction of heparin with streptokinase. Addition of 6-AH reversed the inhibitory effect of NaCl on the activation of Glu-Plg by streptokinase and the results of the near UV CD spectra of Glu-Plg showed that addition of 6-AH enhanced the spectra in this region with an increase in the ellipticity which was not affected by addition of NaCl. 相似文献
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Bart D. Maes Wim Lemahieu Dirk Kuypers Pieter Evenepoel Willy Coosemans Jacques Pirenne Yves F. CH. Vanrenterghem 《American journal of transplantation》2002,2(10):989-992
Diarrhea is the most frequently reported adverse event in patients treated with mycophenolate mofetil. Twenty-six renal transplant patients on a mycophenolate mofetil-based immunosuppressive regime with persistent afebrile diarrhea were examined. Diarrhea caused a significant rise in FK-506 trough levels despite intake of stable doses, necessitating FK-506 dose reductions of 30% to obtain pre-diarrhea trough levels. In contrast, trough levels of cyclosporine A remained stable without dose adjustments. This suggests that absorption and/or metabolism is differentially altered for FK506 compared with cyclosporine A in patients with diarrhea. In nine patients mycophenolate mofetil was reduced or stopped because of persistent diarrhea without identifiable cause. This resulted in end-stage renal disease because of chronic rejection in two patients, and in acute rejection in two patients, all taking FK506 and steroids. Therefore, dose adjustments of FK506 in patients with diarrhea must be carefully monitored, especially when doses of mycophenolate mofetil are also reduced. 相似文献
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Androgen receptor YAC transgenic mice carrying CAG 45 alleles show trinucleotide repeat instability 总被引:1,自引:15,他引:1
La Spada AR; Peterson KR; Meadows SA; McClain ME; Jeng G; Chmelar RS; Haugen HA; Chen K; Singer MJ; Moore D; Trask BJ; Fischbeck KH; Clegg CH; McKnight GS 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(6):959-967
X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is caused by a CAG
repeat expansion in the first exon of the androgen receptor (AR) gene.
Disease-associated alleles (37-66 CAGs) change in length when transmitted
from parents to offspring, with a significantly greater tendency to shift
size when inherited paternally. As transgenic mice carrying human AR cDNAs
with 45 and 66 CAG repeats do not display repeat instability, we attempted
to model trinucleotide repeat instability by generating transgenic mice
with yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) carrying AR CAG repeat expansions
in their genomic context. Studies of independent lines of AR YAC transgenic
mice with CAG 45 alleles reveal intergenerational instability at an overall
rate of approximately 10%. We also find that the 45 CAG repeat tracts are
significantly more unstable with maternal transmission and as the
transmitting mother ages. Of all the CAG/CTG repeat transgenic mice
produced to date the AR YAC CAG 45 mice are unstable with the smallest
trinucleotide repeat mutations, suggesting that the length threshold for
repeat instability in the mouse may be lowered by including the appropriate
flanking human DNA sequences. By sequence-tagged site content analysis and
long range mapping we determined that one unstable transgenic line has
integrated an approximately 70 kb segment of the AR locus due to
fragmentation of the AR YAC. Identification of the cis - acting elements
that permit CAG tract instability and the trans -acting factors that
modulate repeat instability in the AR YAC CAG 45 mice may provide insights
into the molecular basis of trinucleotide repeat instability in humans.
相似文献
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Primary and revision total knee arthroplasty have become common orthopaedic procedures. The operating surgeon, at times, may be faced with a difficult surgical case due to soft tissue contractures or bone deformities. A review of multiple surgical techniques using soft tissue releases and osteotomies are presented including their potential complications. Although these techniques are aimed at the atypical operative case, the operating surgeon may utilize them for ‘routine’ exposures as well. Importance is focused on the functional integrity of the knee extensor mechanism. 相似文献